A retrospective data on the number of confirmed animal rabies cases and applied rabies control me... more A retrospective data on the number of confirmed animal rabies cases and applied rabies control measures over the period 2003-2009 were collected and analyzed to elucidate the situation of animal rabies in and around Addis Ababa. Over the last seven years, 2517 animals brain tissue samples from Dogs, Cats, Cattle, Horses, Donkeys, Shoats, Hyenas and Monkeys were examined for rabies using Fluores-cent Antibody Test. Out of all samples examined, 76.9 % (n=1936) were positive for rabies antigen. A statistically significant difference (χ2 = 34.08(1), P<0.0001) in sample positivity was observed between male and female dogs, which seems higher proportion in males 79.2 % as compared to 66.9 % in females. Higher pro-portions of cases were confirmed in stray (86.3%) than owned dogs (73.5%). The difference was highly significant (χ2 = 34.79(1), P<0.0001).There was highly signifi-cant difference (χ2 = 46.73(1), P< 0.0001) in positivity on the vaccination status of dogs. The annual vacc...
The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of four antenatal care visits. However, global... more The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of four antenatal care visits. However, global estimates indicate that only about half of all pregnant women receive this recommended amount of care. The objective of this evidence brief is to summarize the best available evidence describing the low levels of antenatal care service utilization in Ethiopia and to outline potential solutions to address the problem. The policy brief brings together global research evidence from systematic reviews and local evidence to inform deliberations about improving antenatal care service utilization in Ethiopia. Only 32% of Ethiopian women with live birth received at least four visits during the length of their pregnancy, which is below the global average (54%). The predominant underlying factors for the low coverage of antenatal care services include: socio-cultural and economic barriers, poor access to health services, and poor quality of antenatal care services. Potential policy options to add...
Introduction: Salmonella is one of the most significant enteric pathogen from food safety point o... more Introduction: Salmonella is one of the most significant enteric pathogen from food safety point of view in which it is classified among the major cause of food borne illnesses. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Salmonella in slaughtered sheep and to identify underlying serogroups from slaughtered sheep at Addis Ababa municipal abattoir, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify salmonella serogroups. Tissue samples; liver, abomasums and mesenteric lymph node were collected aseptically using sterile scalpel blade in a sterile plastic bag. Isolation and identification of Salmonella was performed following the techniques recommended by the International Organization for Standardization 6579. Prevalence was calculated and serotyping was done using rapid slide agglutination test. Results: Of 50 animals examined, one or more of the samples were Salmonella positive in 8 (5.33%) of the animals and from a total of tissue samples examined, 9 (6%) were Salmon...
JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports, 2017
The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the eff... more The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the effect of mobile health (mHealth) interventions in antenatal care utilization and skilled birth attendance in low- and middle-income countries.More specifically, the review questions are as follows.
Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 2011
The present study was conducted between September 2006 and April 2007 with the aim of assessing t... more The present study was conducted between September 2006 and April 2007 with the aim of assessing the occurrence of camel mastitis and bacterial causes associated with it and evaluating Fat and Protein content of camel milk in Gewane district, Afar Regional State, Northeastern Ethiopia. Lactating camels which are traditional y managed were randomly selected and quarter milk samples were col ected from camels in different herds. Quarter milk samples (n = 404) from lactating camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Gewane district were examined for mastitis. Twenty one (20.8%) was diagnosed as clinical mastitis cases. Thirty one (30.7%) udders examined were infested with ticks, had lesion and45.2% had mastitis. There were significant association (p Key words: Camelus dromedarius, Mastitis, CMT, Etiology, Prevalenc La presente etude a ete menee de septembre 2006 a avril 2007, dans le but d‘evaluer la presence de mammites chez les chamelles, de bacteries qui lui sont associees ainsi que les quantites de matiere grasse et de proteines dans le lait de chamel e dans le district de Gewane de l’Etat Regional d’Afar, dans le nord-est de l’Ethiopie. Des chamelles al aitantes issues de differents troupeaux et gerees de maniere traditionnelle ont ete selectionnees de maniere aleatoire, des echantillons de lait par quartier ont ete preleves . Des echantillons de lait (n=404) emanant des chamelles allaitantes (Camelus dromedarius) du district de Gewane ont ete analyses en vue de depister des mammites. Vingt et un (20,8%) quartiers ont ete diagnostiques comme etant des cas de mammite clinique. Des pis examines, trente et un (30,7%) etaient infestes de tiques et avaient des lesions, tandis que 45,2% avaient des mammites. Il existe un lien fort (p Mots cles : Prevalence, etiologie, mammites, chamelles, test californien,
Introduction: Animal bites and scratches represent the most important public health issue related... more Introduction: Animal bites and scratches represent the most important public health issue related to dogs and cats because of the risk of rabies transmission associated with physical, psychological trauma and wound infection. Objective: The study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of animal bite of human beings in Addis Ababa. Methods: Data on the kind of animal, age of the patients, gender, site of bites and /or scratch were collected from the registry book and analyzed using SPSS version 11.5.
45.2% had mastitis. There were significant association (p<0.05) between tick infestation and mast... more 45.2% had mastitis. There were significant association (p<0.05) between tick infestation and mastitis. Lactating camels at early and mid lactation were found most affected by mastitis (p<0.05) than those at late lactation. One hundred ninety six quarter milk samples (48.5%) were positive for California mastitis test (CMT) and 164 (83.7%) yielded pathogenic bacteria. A positive correlation (r = 0.76) was observed between CMT positive results and presence of major pathogens in camel milk samples. The main mastitis pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and E.coli. The average mean fat and protein percentage in CMT-negative milk were 3.83%± 0.081 and 2.85 ± 0.024 respectively.However, in CMT-positive milk it was 1.97 ± 0.071 and 2.91± 0.130 respectively. The study results suggest that mastitis in camels was prevalent in Gewane district and was associated with a relatively low protein and fat content of camel milk. Detailed research on camel milk is essential to promote and restore health and to help farming communities who have perfected camel- keeping.
A retrospective data on the number of confirmed animal rabies cases and applied rabies control me... more A retrospective data on the number of confirmed animal rabies cases and applied rabies control measures over the period 2003-2009 were collected and analyzed to elucidate the situation of animal rabies in and around Addis Ababa. Over the last seven years, 2517 animals brain tissue samples from Dogs, Cats, Cattle, Horses, Donkeys, Shoats, Hyenas and Monkeys were examined for rabies using Fluores-cent Antibody Test. Out of all samples examined, 76.9 % (n=1936) were positive for rabies antigen. A statistically significant difference (χ2 = 34.08(1), P<0.0001) in sample positivity was observed between male and female dogs, which seems higher proportion in males 79.2 % as compared to 66.9 % in females. Higher pro-portions of cases were confirmed in stray (86.3%) than owned dogs (73.5%). The difference was highly significant (χ2 = 34.79(1), P<0.0001).There was highly signifi-cant difference (χ2 = 46.73(1), P< 0.0001) in positivity on the vaccination status of dogs. The annual vacc...
The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of four antenatal care visits. However, global... more The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of four antenatal care visits. However, global estimates indicate that only about half of all pregnant women receive this recommended amount of care. The objective of this evidence brief is to summarize the best available evidence describing the low levels of antenatal care service utilization in Ethiopia and to outline potential solutions to address the problem. The policy brief brings together global research evidence from systematic reviews and local evidence to inform deliberations about improving antenatal care service utilization in Ethiopia. Only 32% of Ethiopian women with live birth received at least four visits during the length of their pregnancy, which is below the global average (54%). The predominant underlying factors for the low coverage of antenatal care services include: socio-cultural and economic barriers, poor access to health services, and poor quality of antenatal care services. Potential policy options to add...
Introduction: Salmonella is one of the most significant enteric pathogen from food safety point o... more Introduction: Salmonella is one of the most significant enteric pathogen from food safety point of view in which it is classified among the major cause of food borne illnesses. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Salmonella in slaughtered sheep and to identify underlying serogroups from slaughtered sheep at Addis Ababa municipal abattoir, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify salmonella serogroups. Tissue samples; liver, abomasums and mesenteric lymph node were collected aseptically using sterile scalpel blade in a sterile plastic bag. Isolation and identification of Salmonella was performed following the techniques recommended by the International Organization for Standardization 6579. Prevalence was calculated and serotyping was done using rapid slide agglutination test. Results: Of 50 animals examined, one or more of the samples were Salmonella positive in 8 (5.33%) of the animals and from a total of tissue samples examined, 9 (6%) were Salmon...
JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports, 2017
The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the eff... more The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the effect of mobile health (mHealth) interventions in antenatal care utilization and skilled birth attendance in low- and middle-income countries.More specifically, the review questions are as follows.
Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 2011
The present study was conducted between September 2006 and April 2007 with the aim of assessing t... more The present study was conducted between September 2006 and April 2007 with the aim of assessing the occurrence of camel mastitis and bacterial causes associated with it and evaluating Fat and Protein content of camel milk in Gewane district, Afar Regional State, Northeastern Ethiopia. Lactating camels which are traditional y managed were randomly selected and quarter milk samples were col ected from camels in different herds. Quarter milk samples (n = 404) from lactating camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Gewane district were examined for mastitis. Twenty one (20.8%) was diagnosed as clinical mastitis cases. Thirty one (30.7%) udders examined were infested with ticks, had lesion and45.2% had mastitis. There were significant association (p Key words: Camelus dromedarius, Mastitis, CMT, Etiology, Prevalenc La presente etude a ete menee de septembre 2006 a avril 2007, dans le but d‘evaluer la presence de mammites chez les chamelles, de bacteries qui lui sont associees ainsi que les quantites de matiere grasse et de proteines dans le lait de chamel e dans le district de Gewane de l’Etat Regional d’Afar, dans le nord-est de l’Ethiopie. Des chamelles al aitantes issues de differents troupeaux et gerees de maniere traditionnelle ont ete selectionnees de maniere aleatoire, des echantillons de lait par quartier ont ete preleves . Des echantillons de lait (n=404) emanant des chamelles allaitantes (Camelus dromedarius) du district de Gewane ont ete analyses en vue de depister des mammites. Vingt et un (20,8%) quartiers ont ete diagnostiques comme etant des cas de mammite clinique. Des pis examines, trente et un (30,7%) etaient infestes de tiques et avaient des lesions, tandis que 45,2% avaient des mammites. Il existe un lien fort (p Mots cles : Prevalence, etiologie, mammites, chamelles, test californien,
Introduction: Animal bites and scratches represent the most important public health issue related... more Introduction: Animal bites and scratches represent the most important public health issue related to dogs and cats because of the risk of rabies transmission associated with physical, psychological trauma and wound infection. Objective: The study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of animal bite of human beings in Addis Ababa. Methods: Data on the kind of animal, age of the patients, gender, site of bites and /or scratch were collected from the registry book and analyzed using SPSS version 11.5.
45.2% had mastitis. There were significant association (p<0.05) between tick infestation and mast... more 45.2% had mastitis. There were significant association (p<0.05) between tick infestation and mastitis. Lactating camels at early and mid lactation were found most affected by mastitis (p<0.05) than those at late lactation. One hundred ninety six quarter milk samples (48.5%) were positive for California mastitis test (CMT) and 164 (83.7%) yielded pathogenic bacteria. A positive correlation (r = 0.76) was observed between CMT positive results and presence of major pathogens in camel milk samples. The main mastitis pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and E.coli. The average mean fat and protein percentage in CMT-negative milk were 3.83%± 0.081 and 2.85 ± 0.024 respectively.However, in CMT-positive milk it was 1.97 ± 0.071 and 2.91± 0.130 respectively. The study results suggest that mastitis in camels was prevalent in Gewane district and was associated with a relatively low protein and fat content of camel milk. Detailed research on camel milk is essential to promote and restore health and to help farming communities who have perfected camel- keeping.
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early and mid lactation were found most affected by mastitis (p<0.05) than those at late lactation. One hundred ninety
six quarter milk samples (48.5%) were positive for California mastitis test (CMT) and 164 (83.7%) yielded pathogenic
bacteria. A positive correlation (r = 0.76) was observed between CMT positive results and presence of major pathogens
in camel milk samples. The main mastitis pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative staphylococci,
Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and E.coli. The average mean fat and protein percentage in
CMT-negative milk were 3.83%± 0.081 and 2.85 ± 0.024 respectively.However, in CMT-positive milk it was 1.97 ± 0.071
and 2.91± 0.130 respectively. The study results suggest that mastitis in camels was prevalent in Gewane district and was
associated with a relatively low protein and fat content of camel milk. Detailed research on camel milk is essential to
promote and restore health and to help farming communities who have perfected camel- keeping.
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Book Reviews
Conference Presentations
early and mid lactation were found most affected by mastitis (p<0.05) than those at late lactation. One hundred ninety
six quarter milk samples (48.5%) were positive for California mastitis test (CMT) and 164 (83.7%) yielded pathogenic
bacteria. A positive correlation (r = 0.76) was observed between CMT positive results and presence of major pathogens
in camel milk samples. The main mastitis pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative staphylococci,
Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and E.coli. The average mean fat and protein percentage in
CMT-negative milk were 3.83%± 0.081 and 2.85 ± 0.024 respectively.However, in CMT-positive milk it was 1.97 ± 0.071
and 2.91± 0.130 respectively. The study results suggest that mastitis in camels was prevalent in Gewane district and was
associated with a relatively low protein and fat content of camel milk. Detailed research on camel milk is essential to
promote and restore health and to help farming communities who have perfected camel- keeping.