... Bobbie A. Birdsall, Mary E. Pritchard, Patt Elison-Bowers, Bradley C. Smith, and Amber Klein ... more ... Bobbie A. Birdsall, Mary E. Pritchard, Patt Elison-Bowers, Bradley C. Smith, and Amber Klein ... In addition, Milliken, Auchterlonie, and Hoge (2007) reported mental health issues in veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan have been greatly underestimated by the Department ...
Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attentio... more Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attention in men, particularly in terms of muscularity dissatisfaction. The present study found that traditional students display higher levels of drive for muscularity (DFM) than do non traditional students. In addition, in traditional students, DFM is predicted by appearance orientation, whereas in non traditional students DFM is predicted by investment in appearance and body type dissatisfaction. Future research implications are discussed.
Recent data indicate disturbing trends in health problems in college students in this country. In... more Recent data indicate disturbing trends in health problems in college students in this country. In addition, there is concern that athletes may be more at risk for certain health problems than are other student populations. We surveyed male and female athletes and non-athletes to compare the prevalence rates of alcohol behaviors, smoking and smokeless tobacco use, and disordered eating behaviors and body image dissatisfaction. We found that these behaviors differed by both gender and athletic status. However, the patterns are not consistent, with athletes being more vulnerable for certain risky behaviors and non-athletes being more vulnerable for others. Furthermore, these patterns also differ by gender. College administrators need to be aware of the different vulnerabilities that various populations face and be prepared to address different issues and treatment plans for male and female athletes and non-athletes.
The present study examined whether gender, type of sport (lean v. non-lean), body dissatisfaction... more The present study examined whether gender, type of sport (lean v. non-lean), body dissatisfaction and self esteem were associated with disordered eating behaviors in Division I college athletes. More female than male athletes displayed disordered eating behaviors; approximately one-quarter of the population was at risk for a clinically diagnosable eating disorder. The results also revealed that females in non-lean sports (basketball, tennis, golf, soccer, and skiing) and males in lean sports (track, wrestling) displayed the highest level of disordered eating behavior and body dissatisfaction. Finally, results showed that for women, disordered eating behaviors were predicted in order by: body dissatisfaction, self esteem and type of sport (lean v. non-lean), whereas for men, disordered eating behaviors were only predicted by body dissatisfaction. Information from this study will be useful for coaches and athletic trainers hoping to design interventions for athletes suffering from dis...
Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attentio... more Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attention in men, particularly in terms of muscularity dissatisfaction. The present study found that traditional students display higher levels of drive for muscularity (DFM) than do non traditional students. In addition, in traditional students, DFM is predicted by appearance orientation, whereas in non traditional students DFM is predicted by investment in appearance and body type dissatisfaction. Future research implications are discussed.
Although once considered a 'female' disorder, eating disorders are becoming more prevalen... more Although once considered a 'female' disorder, eating disorders are becoming more prevalent in males. As such, researchers are beginning to focus on factors that predict eating disturbances in males. Previous research has established a relation between eating disorders and stress and exercise dependence. However, few studies have examined the relation between the more common diagnosis of disordered eating and stress and exercise dependence, particularly in men. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relation between disordered eating, stress, and exercise dependence in undergraduate male students. Implications for counseling men suffering from disordered eating will be discussed.
The goal of this study was to examine gender differences in the prevalence of disordered eating a... more The goal of this study was to examine gender differences in the prevalence of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction as well as examine gender differences in several risk factors: mass media, self-esteem and perfectionism. Three hundred fifty-three undergraduates completed surveys about their body dissatisfaction, disordered eating habits, exposure to and influence of mass media, self-esteem and perfectionistic tendencies. As expected, women experienced more symptoms of disordered eating as well as body dissatisfaction than did their male counterparts. There were also gender differences in the risk factors. For women, mass media, self-esteem, and perfectionism related to disordered eating behaviors, whereas for men, only perfectionism and mass media related to disordered eating behaviors. For women, mass media and self-esteem related to body image dissatisfaction, whereas for men, mass media and perfectionism related to body image dissatisfaction. The results of the present stud...
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 2003
... Appreciation is due to reviewers including Lesa Rae Vartanian, PhD, Indiana University/Purdue... more ... Appreciation is due to reviewers including Lesa Rae Vartanian, PhD, Indiana University/Purdue University at Fort Wayne, Department ... address correspondence and reprint requests to: Sharin Palladino Green, Miami University, Department of Psychology, 136 Benton Hall, Oxford ...
... Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mary E. Pritchard or Janice M.K... more ... Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mary E. Pritchard or Janice M.Keenan, Department of Psychology ... monitoring often find relatively low correlations (typically under .35) between predicted performance and accuracy (Glenberg & Epstein, 1985, 1987 ...
Risk-taking behavior (e.g., alcohol abuse, tobacco usage, misuse of prescription medications) amo... more Risk-taking behavior (e.g., alcohol abuse, tobacco usage, misuse of prescription medications) among college students is a widespread problem. This study focused not only on the frequency of risky health behaviors in college students, but also the companions with whom they engaged in such behaviors. Three hundred and twelve college students completed a survey examining the frequency with which they engaged in alcohol, tobacco, and improper prescription medication use, as well as with whom they were most likely to engage in these behaviors. Results indicated that participants were most likely to take health risks when accompanied by someone they consider a friend. Results also indicated gender differences in risk-taking behaviors, as well as an interaction effect between companion and gender. This information would be useful when developing preventive interventions for college students. Implementing interventions that are specific to certain populations might generate greater success in reducing risk-taking behavior.
Previous studies have suggested that adult men and women experience different types and severitie... more Previous studies have suggested that adult men and women experience different types and severities of physical and psychological health symptoms. This study examined whether in the case of adolescents these reported gender differences in physical and psychological health symptoms could actually be the result of differences in coping styles. Five hundred and forty-six adolescents were questioned on their coping styles and symptoms. We found gender differences in physical and psychological health symptoms (e.g. anger, depression, tension, negative moods), as well as in coping styles. We also found that the relation between health symptoms and coping varied significantly by gender. The results of this study suggest that doctors, school counselors and family therapists may want to take gender differences in coping styles into account when seeing adolescent patients for physical or psychological health symptoms, and find ways to help the adolescents cope more effectively with their stressors.
... Bobbie A. Birdsall, Mary E. Pritchard, Patt Elison-Bowers, Bradley C. Smith, and Amber Klein ... more ... Bobbie A. Birdsall, Mary E. Pritchard, Patt Elison-Bowers, Bradley C. Smith, and Amber Klein ... In addition, Milliken, Auchterlonie, and Hoge (2007) reported mental health issues in veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan have been greatly underestimated by the Department ...
Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attentio... more Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attention in men, particularly in terms of muscularity dissatisfaction. The present study found that traditional students display higher levels of drive for muscularity (DFM) than do non traditional students. In addition, in traditional students, DFM is predicted by appearance orientation, whereas in non traditional students DFM is predicted by investment in appearance and body type dissatisfaction. Future research implications are discussed.
Recent data indicate disturbing trends in health problems in college students in this country. In... more Recent data indicate disturbing trends in health problems in college students in this country. In addition, there is concern that athletes may be more at risk for certain health problems than are other student populations. We surveyed male and female athletes and non-athletes to compare the prevalence rates of alcohol behaviors, smoking and smokeless tobacco use, and disordered eating behaviors and body image dissatisfaction. We found that these behaviors differed by both gender and athletic status. However, the patterns are not consistent, with athletes being more vulnerable for certain risky behaviors and non-athletes being more vulnerable for others. Furthermore, these patterns also differ by gender. College administrators need to be aware of the different vulnerabilities that various populations face and be prepared to address different issues and treatment plans for male and female athletes and non-athletes.
The present study examined whether gender, type of sport (lean v. non-lean), body dissatisfaction... more The present study examined whether gender, type of sport (lean v. non-lean), body dissatisfaction and self esteem were associated with disordered eating behaviors in Division I college athletes. More female than male athletes displayed disordered eating behaviors; approximately one-quarter of the population was at risk for a clinically diagnosable eating disorder. The results also revealed that females in non-lean sports (basketball, tennis, golf, soccer, and skiing) and males in lean sports (track, wrestling) displayed the highest level of disordered eating behavior and body dissatisfaction. Finally, results showed that for women, disordered eating behaviors were predicted in order by: body dissatisfaction, self esteem and type of sport (lean v. non-lean), whereas for men, disordered eating behaviors were only predicted by body dissatisfaction. Information from this study will be useful for coaches and athletic trainers hoping to design interventions for athletes suffering from dis...
Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attentio... more Body dissatisfaction has been studied widely in women, and is now receiving considerable attention in men, particularly in terms of muscularity dissatisfaction. The present study found that traditional students display higher levels of drive for muscularity (DFM) than do non traditional students. In addition, in traditional students, DFM is predicted by appearance orientation, whereas in non traditional students DFM is predicted by investment in appearance and body type dissatisfaction. Future research implications are discussed.
Although once considered a 'female' disorder, eating disorders are becoming more prevalen... more Although once considered a 'female' disorder, eating disorders are becoming more prevalent in males. As such, researchers are beginning to focus on factors that predict eating disturbances in males. Previous research has established a relation between eating disorders and stress and exercise dependence. However, few studies have examined the relation between the more common diagnosis of disordered eating and stress and exercise dependence, particularly in men. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relation between disordered eating, stress, and exercise dependence in undergraduate male students. Implications for counseling men suffering from disordered eating will be discussed.
The goal of this study was to examine gender differences in the prevalence of disordered eating a... more The goal of this study was to examine gender differences in the prevalence of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction as well as examine gender differences in several risk factors: mass media, self-esteem and perfectionism. Three hundred fifty-three undergraduates completed surveys about their body dissatisfaction, disordered eating habits, exposure to and influence of mass media, self-esteem and perfectionistic tendencies. As expected, women experienced more symptoms of disordered eating as well as body dissatisfaction than did their male counterparts. There were also gender differences in the risk factors. For women, mass media, self-esteem, and perfectionism related to disordered eating behaviors, whereas for men, only perfectionism and mass media related to disordered eating behaviors. For women, mass media and self-esteem related to body image dissatisfaction, whereas for men, mass media and perfectionism related to body image dissatisfaction. The results of the present stud...
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 2003
... Appreciation is due to reviewers including Lesa Rae Vartanian, PhD, Indiana University/Purdue... more ... Appreciation is due to reviewers including Lesa Rae Vartanian, PhD, Indiana University/Purdue University at Fort Wayne, Department ... address correspondence and reprint requests to: Sharin Palladino Green, Miami University, Department of Psychology, 136 Benton Hall, Oxford ...
... Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mary E. Pritchard or Janice M.K... more ... Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mary E. Pritchard or Janice M.Keenan, Department of Psychology ... monitoring often find relatively low correlations (typically under .35) between predicted performance and accuracy (Glenberg & Epstein, 1985, 1987 ...
Risk-taking behavior (e.g., alcohol abuse, tobacco usage, misuse of prescription medications) amo... more Risk-taking behavior (e.g., alcohol abuse, tobacco usage, misuse of prescription medications) among college students is a widespread problem. This study focused not only on the frequency of risky health behaviors in college students, but also the companions with whom they engaged in such behaviors. Three hundred and twelve college students completed a survey examining the frequency with which they engaged in alcohol, tobacco, and improper prescription medication use, as well as with whom they were most likely to engage in these behaviors. Results indicated that participants were most likely to take health risks when accompanied by someone they consider a friend. Results also indicated gender differences in risk-taking behaviors, as well as an interaction effect between companion and gender. This information would be useful when developing preventive interventions for college students. Implementing interventions that are specific to certain populations might generate greater success in reducing risk-taking behavior.
Previous studies have suggested that adult men and women experience different types and severitie... more Previous studies have suggested that adult men and women experience different types and severities of physical and psychological health symptoms. This study examined whether in the case of adolescents these reported gender differences in physical and psychological health symptoms could actually be the result of differences in coping styles. Five hundred and forty-six adolescents were questioned on their coping styles and symptoms. We found gender differences in physical and psychological health symptoms (e.g. anger, depression, tension, negative moods), as well as in coping styles. We also found that the relation between health symptoms and coping varied significantly by gender. The results of this study suggest that doctors, school counselors and family therapists may want to take gender differences in coping styles into account when seeing adolescent patients for physical or psychological health symptoms, and find ways to help the adolescents cope more effectively with their stressors.
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