Papers by Manos Anagnostou
Scientific Data, Jan 5, 2017
Basin morphometry is vital information for relating storms to hydrologic hazards, such as landsli... more Basin morphometry is vital information for relating storms to hydrologic hazards, such as landslides and floods. In this paper we present the first comprehensive global dataset of distributed basin morphometry at 30 arc seconds resolution. The dataset includes nine prime morphometric variables; in addition we present formulas for generating twenty-one additional morphometric variables based on combination of the prime variables. The dataset can aid different applications including studies of land-atmosphere interaction, and modelling of floods and droughts for sustainable water management. The validity of the dataset has been consolidated by successfully repeating the Hack's law.
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Deriving flood hazard maps for ungauged basins typically requires simulating a long record of ann... more Deriving flood hazard maps for ungauged basins typically requires simulating a long record of annual maximum discharges. To improve this approach, precipitation from global reanalysis systems must be downscaled to a spatial and temporal resolution applicable for flood modeling. This study evaluates such downscaling and error correction approaches for improving hydrologic applications using a combination of NASA's Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) precipitation data set and a higher resolution multi-satellite precipitation product (TRMM). The study focuses on 437 flood-inducing storm events that occurred over a period of ten years (2002–2011) in the Susquehanna River basin located in the northeastern United States. A validation strategy was devised for assessing error metrics in rainfall and simulated runoff as function of basin area, storm severity, and season. The WSR-88D gauge-adjusted radar-rainfall (stage IV) product was used as the reference rainfall data set, wh...
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Environmental Reviews, 2014
To satisfy the growing demand for electricity, Ethiopia plans to increase its electricity product... more To satisfy the growing demand for electricity, Ethiopia plans to increase its electricity production five-fold between 2010 and 2015, mainly through the construction of dams. A literature review shows that while dams can boost power and agricultural production, promote economic development, and facilitate flood control, they can also lead to environmental, ecological, and socioeconomic changes. Several case studies show that dams may alter the composition and density of vectors and intermediate host species, increase the incidence of malaria schistosomiasis and possibly lymphatic filariasis, and lead to eutrophication of reservoirs, soil erosion, and earthquakes. There is evidence that dams and commercial irrigation schemes can increase soil and water degradation, vulnerability to drought, and food insecurity in riverine and lacustrine areas downstream of dams. It appears that dams in Ethiopia are also vulnerable to high soil erosion rates and earthquakes. Consequently, the current ...
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Notwithstanding the rich record of hydrometric observations compiled by the U.S. Geological Surve... more Notwithstanding the rich record of hydrometric observations compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) across the contiguous United States (CONUS), flood event catalogs are sparse and incomplete. Available databases or inventories are mostly survey- or report-based, impact oriented, or limited to flash floods. These data do not represent the full range of flood events occurring in CONUS in terms of geographical locations, severity, triggering weather, or basin morphometry. This study describes a comprehensive dataset consisting of more than half a million flood events extracted from 6,301 USGS flow records and radar-rainfall fields from 2002 to 2013, using the characteristic point method. The database features event duration; first- (mass center) and second- (spreading) order moments of both precipitation and flow, flow peak and percentile, event runoff coefficient, base flow, and information on the basin geomorphology. It can support flood modeling, geomorphological and geophysical impact studies, and instantaneous unit hydrograph and risk analyses, among other investigations. Preliminary data analysis conducted in this study shows that the spatial pattern of flood events affected by snowmelt correlates well with the mean annual snowfall accumulation pattern across CONUS, the basin morphometry affects the number of flood events and peak flows, and the concentration time and spreadness of the flood events can be related to the precipitation first- and second-order moments.
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Papers by Manos Anagnostou