Two experiments were conducted to determine the capacities of three salt and inundation tolerant ... more Two experiments were conducted to determine the capacities of three salt and inundation tolerant tree species (Casuarina glauca, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Melaleuca quinquenervia) to grow on saline- sodic tailings materials, to stabilize their surfaces, and to induce pedogenetic change in the underlying tailings materials. Over 2791 and 2141 days, respectively, C. glauca grew slightly taller than E. camaldulensis or M. quinquenervia, with the tallest trees achieving mean heights greater than 12 m. All species produced flowers or fruits although no seedling regeneration was noted. Casuarina glauca reproduced freely through coppicing and the production of root shoots. Survivorship was related to site drainage status and was poor in lower landscape positions where water ponded for periods after wet season rainfall. Substantial litter layers (to 3.6 kg/m2) formed beneath the canopies of the surviving trees although masses declined steeply beyond the canopy margins. Very little admixi...
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 2016
Edited by Mark Tibbett . CRC Press/Balkema, Leiden, 2015, hardback, 276 pp., £82, ISBN: 978-04156... more Edited by Mark Tibbett . CRC Press/Balkema, Leiden, 2015, hardback, 276 pp., £82, ISBN: 978-041562-091-8 The Bento Rodriguez tailings dam collapse in Brazil in November 2015 made international headlines and focused world attention on the relationship between mining and the surrounding environment. The collapse of the facility and the resulting flood of iron-ore tailings devastated the village of Bento Rodriguez downstream, killing at least 17 people. The mine's immediate liability is likely to run into billions of dollars, but the damage to its reputation may be the more serious in the long term. In August 2014 the Mount Polley tailings dam failure in Canada polluted pristine wilderness in one of the biggest environmental disasters in Canadian history. Footage was available on YouTube less than 2 days later. Major mining companies have long understood the delicate relationship between mining operations, the local environment and people, sometimes known as the ‘triple bottom line’ and encapsulated in the phrase ‘social license to operate’. The more responsible mining companies take their environmental obligations seriously as …
The phosphatase enzyme assay commonly used today to determine soluble and wall bound phosphatase ... more The phosphatase enzyme assay commonly used today to determine soluble and wall bound phosphatase activities was developed in the 1930s and 1940s by medical biochemists to measure enzyme activity in blood serum. The presence of alkaline phosphatase in serum was demonstrated by Kay (1930) utilising β-glycerophosphate as a substrate. Although this method was refined by Bodansky (1933), it required the measurement of liberated phosphate in the presence of native phosphate, resulting in high background readings. Consequently, King and Armstrong (1934) used phenylphosphate as a substrate so that liberated phenol could be measured colorimetrically. Gutman and Gutman (1940) adopted this method for the determination of serum acid phosphatase. At this stage in its evolution, the assay still required time-consuming steps for deproteinization and colour development. To shorten the procedure, Bessey et al. (1946) employed a new substrate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate. Its preparation is described by King and Nicholson (1939) and has been characterised by King and Delory (1939). This allowed for instantaneous colour development at high pH. The assay was subsequently developed further for measurement phosphatase in soil (Tabatabai and Bremner 1969), plant roots (Woolhouse 1969) and mycorrhizal root tips (Bartlett and Lewis 1973).
... a Mammalian (Rattus rattus) Cadaver? David O. Carter, David Yellowlees and Mark Tibbett ... J... more ... a Mammalian (Rattus rattus) Cadaver? David O. Carter, David Yellowlees and Mark Tibbett ... J Hunter, C Roberts and A Martin), pp. 5885. ... Journal of Forensic Sciences 37:12361253. Vass AA, Barshick SA, Sega G, Caton J, Skeen JT, Love JC and Synstelien JA (2002). ...
Ptilotus polystachyus (green mulla mulla; ptilotus) is a short-lived perennial herb that occurs w... more Ptilotus polystachyus (green mulla mulla; ptilotus) is a short-lived perennial herb that occurs widely in Australia in arid and semi-arid regions with nutrient poor soils. As this species shows potential for domestication, its response to addition of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) was compared to a variety of the domesticated exotic perennial pasture herb Cichorium intybus (chicory), 'Puna'. Pots were filled with 3 kg of an extremely nutrient-deficient sterilized field soil that contained 3 mg kg(-1) mineral N and 2 mg kg(-1) bicarbonate-extractable P. The growth and P and N accumulation of ptilotus and chicory in response to seven rates of readily available phosphorus (0-300 mg P pot(-1)) and nitrogen (N) (0-270 mg N pot(-1)) was examined. Ptilotus grew extremely well under low P conditions: shoot dry weights were 23, 6 and 1.7 times greater than for chicory at the three lowest levels of P addition, 0, 15 and 30 mg P pot(-1), respectively. Ptilotus could not downregulate P...
Human decomposition is a complex process, involving a multitude of microbial species. Currently, ... more Human decomposition is a complex process, involving a multitude of microbial species. Currently, little is known about the microbial species and processes that occur as cadavers decompose, particularly in outdoor environments. With the development of molecular ...
Many Australian plant species have specific root adaptations for growth in phosphorus-impoverishe... more Many Australian plant species have specific root adaptations for growth in phosphorus-impoverished soils, and are often sensitive to high external P concentrations. The growth responses of native Australian legumes in agricultural soils with elevated P availability in the surface horizons are unknown. The aim of these experiments was to test the hypothesis that increased P concentration in surface soil would reduce root proliferation at depth in native legumes. The effect of P placement on root distribution was assessed for two Australian legumes, Kennedia prorepens F. Muell. and Lotus australis Andrews, and the exotic Medicago sativa L. Three treatments were established in a low-P loam soil: amendment of 0.15 g mono-calcium phosphate in either (i) the top 50 mm (120 µg P g–1) or (ii) the top 500 mm (12 µg P g–1) of soil, and an unamended control. In the unamended soil M. sativa was shallow rooted, with 58% of the root length of in the top 50 mm. K. prorepens and L. australis had a ...
... Group: School of Applied Sciences > Centre for Conservation, Ecology and Environmental Cha... more ... Group: School of Applied Sciences > Centre for Conservation, Ecology and Environmental Change. ID Code: 9751. Deposited By: Dr. Iain Green. Deposited On: 03 Apr 2009 11:19. Last Modified: 26 Jul 2009 15:59. Repository Staff Only -, BU Staff Only -, ...
Two experiments were conducted to determine the capacities of three salt and inundation tolerant ... more Two experiments were conducted to determine the capacities of three salt and inundation tolerant tree species (Casuarina glauca, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Melaleuca quinquenervia) to grow on saline- sodic tailings materials, to stabilize their surfaces, and to induce pedogenetic change in the underlying tailings materials. Over 2791 and 2141 days, respectively, C. glauca grew slightly taller than E. camaldulensis or M. quinquenervia, with the tallest trees achieving mean heights greater than 12 m. All species produced flowers or fruits although no seedling regeneration was noted. Casuarina glauca reproduced freely through coppicing and the production of root shoots. Survivorship was related to site drainage status and was poor in lower landscape positions where water ponded for periods after wet season rainfall. Substantial litter layers (to 3.6 kg/m2) formed beneath the canopies of the surviving trees although masses declined steeply beyond the canopy margins. Very little admixi...
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 2016
Edited by Mark Tibbett . CRC Press/Balkema, Leiden, 2015, hardback, 276 pp., £82, ISBN: 978-04156... more Edited by Mark Tibbett . CRC Press/Balkema, Leiden, 2015, hardback, 276 pp., £82, ISBN: 978-041562-091-8 The Bento Rodriguez tailings dam collapse in Brazil in November 2015 made international headlines and focused world attention on the relationship between mining and the surrounding environment. The collapse of the facility and the resulting flood of iron-ore tailings devastated the village of Bento Rodriguez downstream, killing at least 17 people. The mine's immediate liability is likely to run into billions of dollars, but the damage to its reputation may be the more serious in the long term. In August 2014 the Mount Polley tailings dam failure in Canada polluted pristine wilderness in one of the biggest environmental disasters in Canadian history. Footage was available on YouTube less than 2 days later. Major mining companies have long understood the delicate relationship between mining operations, the local environment and people, sometimes known as the ‘triple bottom line’ and encapsulated in the phrase ‘social license to operate’. The more responsible mining companies take their environmental obligations seriously as …
The phosphatase enzyme assay commonly used today to determine soluble and wall bound phosphatase ... more The phosphatase enzyme assay commonly used today to determine soluble and wall bound phosphatase activities was developed in the 1930s and 1940s by medical biochemists to measure enzyme activity in blood serum. The presence of alkaline phosphatase in serum was demonstrated by Kay (1930) utilising β-glycerophosphate as a substrate. Although this method was refined by Bodansky (1933), it required the measurement of liberated phosphate in the presence of native phosphate, resulting in high background readings. Consequently, King and Armstrong (1934) used phenylphosphate as a substrate so that liberated phenol could be measured colorimetrically. Gutman and Gutman (1940) adopted this method for the determination of serum acid phosphatase. At this stage in its evolution, the assay still required time-consuming steps for deproteinization and colour development. To shorten the procedure, Bessey et al. (1946) employed a new substrate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate. Its preparation is described by King and Nicholson (1939) and has been characterised by King and Delory (1939). This allowed for instantaneous colour development at high pH. The assay was subsequently developed further for measurement phosphatase in soil (Tabatabai and Bremner 1969), plant roots (Woolhouse 1969) and mycorrhizal root tips (Bartlett and Lewis 1973).
... a Mammalian (Rattus rattus) Cadaver? David O. Carter, David Yellowlees and Mark Tibbett ... J... more ... a Mammalian (Rattus rattus) Cadaver? David O. Carter, David Yellowlees and Mark Tibbett ... J Hunter, C Roberts and A Martin), pp. 5885. ... Journal of Forensic Sciences 37:12361253. Vass AA, Barshick SA, Sega G, Caton J, Skeen JT, Love JC and Synstelien JA (2002). ...
Ptilotus polystachyus (green mulla mulla; ptilotus) is a short-lived perennial herb that occurs w... more Ptilotus polystachyus (green mulla mulla; ptilotus) is a short-lived perennial herb that occurs widely in Australia in arid and semi-arid regions with nutrient poor soils. As this species shows potential for domestication, its response to addition of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) was compared to a variety of the domesticated exotic perennial pasture herb Cichorium intybus (chicory), 'Puna'. Pots were filled with 3 kg of an extremely nutrient-deficient sterilized field soil that contained 3 mg kg(-1) mineral N and 2 mg kg(-1) bicarbonate-extractable P. The growth and P and N accumulation of ptilotus and chicory in response to seven rates of readily available phosphorus (0-300 mg P pot(-1)) and nitrogen (N) (0-270 mg N pot(-1)) was examined. Ptilotus grew extremely well under low P conditions: shoot dry weights were 23, 6 and 1.7 times greater than for chicory at the three lowest levels of P addition, 0, 15 and 30 mg P pot(-1), respectively. Ptilotus could not downregulate P...
Human decomposition is a complex process, involving a multitude of microbial species. Currently, ... more Human decomposition is a complex process, involving a multitude of microbial species. Currently, little is known about the microbial species and processes that occur as cadavers decompose, particularly in outdoor environments. With the development of molecular ...
Many Australian plant species have specific root adaptations for growth in phosphorus-impoverishe... more Many Australian plant species have specific root adaptations for growth in phosphorus-impoverished soils, and are often sensitive to high external P concentrations. The growth responses of native Australian legumes in agricultural soils with elevated P availability in the surface horizons are unknown. The aim of these experiments was to test the hypothesis that increased P concentration in surface soil would reduce root proliferation at depth in native legumes. The effect of P placement on root distribution was assessed for two Australian legumes, Kennedia prorepens F. Muell. and Lotus australis Andrews, and the exotic Medicago sativa L. Three treatments were established in a low-P loam soil: amendment of 0.15 g mono-calcium phosphate in either (i) the top 50 mm (120 µg P g–1) or (ii) the top 500 mm (12 µg P g–1) of soil, and an unamended control. In the unamended soil M. sativa was shallow rooted, with 58% of the root length of in the top 50 mm. K. prorepens and L. australis had a ...
... Group: School of Applied Sciences > Centre for Conservation, Ecology and Environmental Cha... more ... Group: School of Applied Sciences > Centre for Conservation, Ecology and Environmental Change. ID Code: 9751. Deposited By: Dr. Iain Green. Deposited On: 03 Apr 2009 11:19. Last Modified: 26 Jul 2009 15:59. Repository Staff Only -, BU Staff Only -, ...
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