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    M. Kljajic

    ABSTRACT In this paper a system dynamics model for organic farming development to support government decision making is presented. The system incorporates relevant variables which affect organic farming development. The user seeks answers... more
    ABSTRACT In this paper a system dynamics model for organic farming development to support government decision making is presented. The system incorporates relevant variables which affect organic farming development. The user seeks answers to strategic questions related to the level of organic farming development achievable in a long term dynamic horizon. The model’s basic structure is fully described and results are presented which show that the conversion process relies mainly on subsidies and self-organization resources. User can simulate different policy scenarios for organic farming and for assessing their impact on the economic and environmental parameters of organic production at aggregate level. After performing several simulation scenarios we discovered that conversion to organic farming relies on subsidies which provide the main motivation for conversion from conventional farming to organic farming. However, the subsidies are not the only driving force in the system, even more important are activities that promote organic farming, since sufficiently large subsidies could not be provided in order to complete the conversion from conventional to organic farming to the extent desired. Another important feature is food demand, determined by population size, which negatively influences the conversion to organic farming due to the increased demand leading to increased food prices.
    This article describes the problem state of organic farming development and procedures for modeling by the means of system dynamics, with emphasis on the organic products market. T.
    Effects of surface multichannel electrical stimulation of the leg muscles during gait were evaluated by a clinical kinesiological analysis of gait and measurements of average step length, gait velocity, ground reaction forces, and joint... more
    Effects of surface multichannel electrical stimulation of the leg muscles during gait were evaluated by a clinical kinesiological analysis of gait and measurements of average step length, gait velocity, ground reaction forces, and joint angles. Direct effects in 11 stimulated motor disabled patients showed 56% improvement at the kinesiological gait analysis during the stimulation. Long term effects of the multichannel therapy were compared in a threeyear control study with a group of ten nonstimulated patients. At the kinesiological analysis, the stimulated group improved 1.75 times better after 2.5 months of the treatment. The other measurements revealed higher and faster improvement at the stimulated group with a partial decrease of the therapeutic effects after a longer period without treatment. Orthotic multichannel stimulation was indicated after the multichannel therapy in the clinical environment, where the stimulation of proximal leg muscles was favored.
    The beneficial effects of using multichannel functional electrical stimulation (MFES) for gait rehabilitation in nonambulatory hemiplegic patients have already been shown. The methodology of application and the results presented were... more
    The beneficial effects of using multichannel functional electrical stimulation (MFES) for gait rehabilitation in nonambulatory hemiplegic patients have already been shown. The methodology of application and the results presented were pooled for the whole group of participants, which blurs the exact picture of each particular subject and many vital details are not presented. The purpose of this article is to focus on a single subject from the study and to present all the details of the treatment. The presented subject participated six weeks in the study, first three weeks in MFES therapy and second three weeks in conventional therapy. The effects of each therapy were evaluated by the following measures: temporal-distance parameters of gait, ground reaction forces, goniograms in hip knee and ankle, and assessment of the physical status of the patient according to the Fugl-Meyer evaluation scale. An analysis of the measured parameters showed improved performance of the patient during M...
    Abstract This article addresses the development and application of a simulation model of human resources transitions in the Slovenian armed forces. The system is modeled as an exponential delay chain by means of the Systems Dynamics... more
    Abstract This article addresses the development and application of a simulation model of human resources transitions in the Slovenian armed forces. The system is modeled as an exponential delay chain by means of the Systems Dynamics methodology. The control strategy is determined according to the prescribed final states of a particular rank. In order to achieve the final states, the promotions policy between ranks and fluctuations could be changed by considering the boundaries of model parameters. The trajectory function is ...
    Research Interests:
    Scheduling problem is worldwide known as NP-hard problem, meaning problem can be solved by conventional linear methods, but with immense time consumption. Numerous methods were introduced to solve scheduling problem. In practice the... more
    Scheduling problem is worldwide known as NP-hard problem, meaning problem can be solved by conventional linear methods, but with immense time consumption. Numerous methods were introduced to solve scheduling problem. In practice the problem is still mostly solved conventionally. This article describes the manner of upgrading conventional scheduling with the use of problem decomposition and genetic algorithms combined with discrete
    ABSTRACT
    Page 1. Abstract of this paper draft was published in: KLJAJIĆ, Miroljub, ŠKRABA, Andrej, KLJAJIĆ, Mirjana. The anticipative value of the individual and group information feedback on decision process during the simulations experiment. In:... more
    Page 1. Abstract of this paper draft was published in: KLJAJIĆ, Miroljub, ŠKRABA, Andrej, KLJAJIĆ, Mirjana. The anticipative value of the individual and group information feedback on decision process during the simulations experiment. In: DUBOIS, Daniel M. (ur.). ...
    Modern and competitive company collects information about company functioning and market demands in integrated information system (IS). At the decision making stage, management more and more use optimization and/or simulation methods,... more
    Modern and competitive company collects information about company functioning and market demands in integrated information system (IS). At the decision making stage, management more and more use optimization and/or simulation methods, where the role of data from IS is very important. Reliable input data are needed for optimization and simulation, because they provide appropriate base for development and running optimization and/or simulation model. IS should also provide transfer of optimized data back from the optimization/simulation model to the IS. The purpose of integral IS and use of simulation and genetic algorithms optimization method is therefore for easier, quicker and better decision making. Modern approach to connecting corporate IS and method of optimization and simulation, necessary interfaces for data transfer between optimization simulation system and IS and time complexity of data optimization and simulation for management decision making will be described.
    Abstract The present paper describes the modeling of neural networks by the concepts of system dynamics methodology. The presented models contribute to the understanding of the neural networks dynamics. The paper provides several examples... more
    Abstract The present paper describes the modeling of neural networks by the concepts of system dynamics methodology. The presented models contribute to the understanding of the neural networks dynamics. The paper provides several examples of different neural networks topology. The main components of neural networks are modeled by the classical system dynamics entities.
    Ground reaction force is one of the most relevant parameters in the assessment of human gait. It is, however, difficult to measure without encumbering natural locomotion. A description of a system for measuring the vertical component of... more
    Ground reaction force is one of the most relevant parameters in the assessment of human gait. It is, however, difficult to measure without encumbering natural locomotion. A description of a system for measuring the vertical component of the ground reaction force and its distribution under the foot is given. The calibration procedure for the measuring shoes is described. The results of measurements are compared with those obtained from a force plate. Illustrative examples of the changes in pathological gait patterns of a hemiplegic patient during therapy by functional electrical stimulation are also given.
    ABSTRACT An overview is given of the present use of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) based lower extremity orthoses in therapy procedures in hemiplegia. In one specialized FES center in Ljubljana, Slovenija, 63% of all stroke... more
    ABSTRACT An overview is given of the present use of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) based lower extremity orthoses in therapy procedures in hemiplegia. In one specialized FES center in Ljubljana, Slovenija, 63% of all stroke patients were treated with some sort of FES therapy in combination with classical therapies, representing around 10% of the total hemiplegic population of the nation. Verticalization, i.e., the initiation of gait and lessening of gait anomalies, has been achieved by two to three weeks of therapy using a six-channel microprocessor controlled stimulator. For orthotic purposes, during activities of daily living only various types of single channel peroneal stimulators have been used so far. Implantable versions of the stimulator have provided much better performance. The heuristic principle of synthesis of gait by FES presently in use should be replaced by a more versatile microprocessor controller based on a more complete mathematical model of the afflicted locomotor system in subjects with hemiplegia. The functional value and the acceptance of the systems by patients will remain the dominant factors in the design of a new generation of mostly implantable multichannel FES orthoses. FES based rehabilitation greatly depends on special trained physical therapists and other members of rehabilitation team.
    Pobweb Model in System Dynamics Form| [Hyperincursive Perspective Andrej Skraba, Miroljub Kljajic, Davorin Kofjac, Matevz Bren and Mico Mrkaic University of Maribor, Facultj^ of Organizational Sciences Kidriceva cesta 55a, SI-4000 Kranj,... more
    Pobweb Model in System Dynamics Form| [Hyperincursive Perspective Andrej Skraba, Miroljub Kljajic, Davorin Kofjac, Matevz Bren and Mico Mrkaic University of Maribor, Facultj^ of Organizational Sciences Kidriceva cesta 55a, SI-4000 Kranj, Slovenia e-mail : {andrej .skraba ...
    The cobweb model of competitive market dynamics has been examined in the form of system dynamics model. The classical formulation of the cobweb demand-supply model has been transformed in the set of equations suitable for system dynamics... more
    The cobweb model of competitive market dynamics has been examined in the form of system dynamics model. The classical formulation of the cobweb demand-supply model has been transformed in the set of equations suitable for system dynamics modelling. The model has been expanded by the time parameter Δt which enables the stability analysis of the model for the change in the Δt. The structure of the model has been presented and key relationships in the model have been examined. The cyclical response of the system ...
    ... We found a positive trend in the evolution of research methodology in SE and its use in ... A paradigm of SE has played important rules in the dealing with different aspect of human ... and chief engineers with the assistance of key... more
    ... We found a positive trend in the evolution of research methodology in SE and its use in ... A paradigm of SE has played important rules in the dealing with different aspect of human ... and chief engineers with the assistance of key subsystem leads oversaw the development of aircraft ...