Mikaël ATTON
Equipe Interdisciplinaire d'Etudes et de Recherches Archéologiques sur les Mines Anciennes et le Patrimoine Industriel ERMINA.je suis spécialisé sur les mines et les techniques de la métallurgie protohistorique, antique et médiéval en Europe.Mon projet de recherche a pour objet l’étude et la valorisation du patrimoine industriel, en particulier les paysages miniers anciens : analyse mais aussi étude et valorisation à partir d’approches méthodologiques multiples et pluridisciplinaires intégrant archives, télédétection LiDAR, géo archéologie et archéologie, géo environnement.Il s'agit d'étudier un district métallifère, à l'origine vraisemblablement d'exploitations minières anciennes et donc d'une tradition technologique qui se situe dans la longue durée.Afin d'analyser la complexité des paysages transformés par l'homme, il s'agira autant d'étudier les formes du relief anthropisé, que de développer des outils d'investigations spécifiques à l'analyse archéologique et tracéologique pouvant être transposés sur d'autres sites.Les travaux de prospection engagés dans l'Est de la France, les participations à certaines missions de recherches en cours au plan national comme à l'international m'ont permis d'élaborer une démarche d'investigation et d'analyse que je souhaite désormais amplifier et valider à la lumière de nouvelles technologies et d'une approche scientifique pluridisciplinaire.je suis aussi spécialisé sur la céramique, le bati, les systèmes hydrauliques anciens et les cultes funéraires protohistorique, antique, médiéval et moderne.
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The report is drawing up a current inventory and a detailed history of the researches since the end of the years 1970. Researches in the National Archives, in Moselle, Meurthe-et-Moselle Archives Departments and in the Archives of the French School of Mines, particularly for modern and contemporary periods.
Four years of intensive field survey in Northern Warndt allowed collecting now a lot of information and mining traces. About 468 unpublished mining entrances have been located and inventoried in a database what establishes a wide potential of archeological sites in this area.
The study of galleries sections, working faces, toolmarks and lamp traces constitutes the third part of this report. Thus, it leans on an original approach of analysis and identification of stoping marks which is abundantly illustrated. Underground, mining exploration and recognitions allowed to observe numerous evidences of works among them a few of them are previous to the appearance of black powder.
By comparing the data recently acquired by the archeologists of the Deutsche Bergbau Museum of Bochum, on close mines dated the IIIth century BC., and observations led inside wide underground networks as Bleiberg or Great Saule Mine, no doubt that there are real similarities both in the layout of the ore deposit and in the morphology of the galleries. The exhaustive inventory of these mining sites: waste deposits, mines entrances, has been edited in a second volume; it contains georeferenced index survey maps, but these will remain unpublished in order to protect the sites. Field prospections and underground investigations have brought elements allowing to understand the organization of these exploitations thorough time and specially to map this mining district, showing the dispersal of sites and their distribution within the geomorphological context. The evolution and the perfection of certain works during the specific so called "Saur period" is a typical example. Warndt underground mines are an exceptional conservatory of marks. Underground landscapes allow redrawing an evolution of technologies over several centuries of history. Their location and the bedrock composition constitute a key factor for heritage conservation.
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The study of galleries sections, front face, toolmarks and lamp traces constitutes the third part of this report. Thus, it leans on an original approach of analysis and identification of
stoping markswhich is abundantly illustrated. Underground, mining exploration and recognitions allowed to observe numerous evidences of works among them a few of them are previous to the appearance of black powder, the dating is to be confirmed. By comparing the data recently acquired by the archaeologists of the Deutsche Bergbau Museum of Bochum, on close mines dated the IIIth century BC., and observations led inside wide underground networks as Bleiberg or Great Willow, no doubt that there are real similarities both in the layout of the ore deposit and in the morphology of the galleries. The exhaustive inventory of these mining sites: waste deposits, mines entrances, metallurgical sites, has been edited in a second volume ; it contains georeferenced index cards with maps. Field prospections and underground investigations have brought elements allowing to understand the organization and the dynamics of these exploitations thorough the time and especially to map exactly this mining district, so showing the dispersal of sites and their distribution in the geomorphological context. The evolution and the perfection of certain works during the specific so called “Saur period” is an example in the Warndt. On the German side, these works are indicated under the term of "Egyptian style ". Indeed, their morphology gives a structural aspect being similar to an Egyptian architecture. Finally, Warndt underground mines are an exceptional conservatory of marks. Underground landscapes allow redrawing an evolution of technologies over several centuries of history. Their location and the bedrock composition constitute a key factor in the conservation of these remains. All these elements make of Warndt an area of study and a territory dominated by ore resources extraction in a geo-archaeological context particularly full of remains.
The report is drawing up a current inventory and a detailed history of the researches since the end of the years 1970. Researches in the National Archives, in Moselle, Meurthe-et-Moselle Archives Departments and in the Archives of the French School of Mines, particularly for modern and contemporary periods.
Four years of intensive field survey in Northern Warndt allowed collecting now a lot of information and mining traces. About 468 unpublished mining entrances have been located and inventoried in a database what establishes a wide potential of archeological sites in this area.
The study of galleries sections, working faces, toolmarks and lamp traces constitutes the third part of this report. Thus, it leans on an original approach of analysis and identification of stoping marks which is abundantly illustrated. Underground, mining exploration and recognitions allowed to observe numerous evidences of works among them a few of them are previous to the appearance of black powder.
By comparing the data recently acquired by the archeologists of the Deutsche Bergbau Museum of Bochum, on close mines dated the IIIth century BC., and observations led inside wide underground networks as Bleiberg or Great Saule Mine, no doubt that there are real similarities both in the layout of the ore deposit and in the morphology of the galleries. The exhaustive inventory of these mining sites: waste deposits, mines entrances, has been edited in a second volume; it contains georeferenced index survey maps, but these will remain unpublished in order to protect the sites. Field prospections and underground investigations have brought elements allowing to understand the organization of these exploitations thorough time and specially to map this mining district, showing the dispersal of sites and their distribution within the geomorphological context. The evolution and the perfection of certain works during the specific so called "Saur period" is a typical example. Warndt underground mines are an exceptional conservatory of marks. Underground landscapes allow redrawing an evolution of technologies over several centuries of history. Their location and the bedrock composition constitute a key factor for heritage conservation.
The study of galleries sections, front face, toolmarks and lamp traces constitutes the third part of this report. Thus, it leans on an original approach of analysis and identification of
stoping markswhich is abundantly illustrated. Underground, mining exploration and recognitions allowed to observe numerous evidences of works among them a few of them are previous to the appearance of black powder, the dating is to be confirmed. By comparing the data recently acquired by the archaeologists of the Deutsche Bergbau Museum of Bochum, on close mines dated the IIIth century BC., and observations led inside wide underground networks as Bleiberg or Great Willow, no doubt that there are real similarities both in the layout of the ore deposit and in the morphology of the galleries. The exhaustive inventory of these mining sites: waste deposits, mines entrances, metallurgical sites, has been edited in a second volume ; it contains georeferenced index cards with maps. Field prospections and underground investigations have brought elements allowing to understand the organization and the dynamics of these exploitations thorough the time and especially to map exactly this mining district, so showing the dispersal of sites and their distribution in the geomorphological context. The evolution and the perfection of certain works during the specific so called “Saur period” is an example in the Warndt. On the German side, these works are indicated under the term of "Egyptian style ". Indeed, their morphology gives a structural aspect being similar to an Egyptian architecture. Finally, Warndt underground mines are an exceptional conservatory of marks. Underground landscapes allow redrawing an evolution of technologies over several centuries of history. Their location and the bedrock composition constitute a key factor in the conservation of these remains. All these elements make of Warndt an area of study and a territory dominated by ore resources extraction in a geo-archaeological context particularly full of remains.