The sediments of the Cretaceous Gyeokpori Formation in south-western South Korea accumulated in a... more The sediments of the Cretaceous Gyeokpori Formation in south-western South Korea accumulated in a lake in which mainly siliciclastic rocks were deposited, with some interbedded volcaniclastics. The nearby volcanic activity resulted in unstable lake margins inducing a dominance of gravity-flow deposits. The high sedimentation rate facilitated soft-sediment deformation on the sloping margin. The deposition of numerous gravity-flow deposits resulted in a vertically heterolithic stratification. The slumps are composed of different lithologies, which is expressed in different types of deformation due to the difference in cohesion between sandy and mussy layers within the slumps. Coarser-grained (cohesionless) slumps tend to show more chaotic deformation of their lamination or layering. The difference in slumping behaviour of the cohesive and non-cohesive examples is explained and modelled. A unique soft-sediment deformation structure is recognized. This structure has not been described b...
IPCC 98. Contemporary Renaissance: Changing the Way we Communicate. Proceedings 1998 IEEE International Professional Communication Conference (Cat. No.98CH36332)
... IJsers can lhus be sure that they canjind all articles on a spec!jic topic, without the possi... more ... IJsers can lhus be sure that they canjind all articles on a spec!jic topic, without the possibility ihat some of the more important ... He was involved as an editor in Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, Acta Editologia and the Chinese Journal of Scientific and Technical Periodicals. ...
Abstract Sedimentological studies rarely reveal direct information about abrupt climatic changes.... more Abstract Sedimentological studies rarely reveal direct information about abrupt climatic changes. The interpretations of climatic changes, for instance at the end of the Pleistocene, are mainly based on fossils (in the Pleistocene deposits particularly on pollen) of species that are known to flourish within specific temperature ranges. The relatively scarce generally accessible literature data on the response of glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sedimentation to abrupt climatic change is based mainly on research of deposits formed at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, which need, however, not necessarily reflect a representative climatic change (it may have been exceptionally fast). Such data, in combination with theoretical considerations, provide some insight in the tendencies that such sediments might show during climate changes. Yet, it is not well possible to determine during which timespan most of such climatic changes took place. More insight might be obtained by a structured analysis of well ch...
Since 1970, defense-generated transuranlc waste has been placed into 20-year retrievable storage ... more Since 1970, defense-generated transuranlc waste has been placed into 20-year retrievable storage at the Radioactive Waste Management Complex at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). A major objective of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Nuclear Waste Management Program is to remove all retrievable stored transuranlc waste from the INEL. To support this objective, the Stored Waste Examination Pilot Plant (SWEPP) and the Process Experimental Pilot Plant (PREPP) are currently being constructed. SWEPP will certify waste, using non- destructive examination techniques, for shipment to the Waste Iso- lation Pilot Plant (WIPP). PREPP will process uncertifiable waste into a certifiable waste form. INTRODUCTION 2 The INEL covers 2305 km of semiarid land in southeast Idaho near the center of the eastern Snake River Plain. The Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC), which encompasses 58 ha in the southwestern corner of the INEL, serves as a major storage site for defense tran...
Large conglomerate lenses occur in a fine-grained siliciclastic succession of the Singhbhum crato... more Large conglomerate lenses occur in a fine-grained siliciclastic succession of the Singhbhum craton, eastern India. They overlie an Archaean orthogneiss, from which they are separated by a palaeosol. Neither the conglomerates nor the directly overlying rocks have been dated, but the conglomerate unit is assumed to have also an Archaean age. The conglomerate lenses occur within a succession of pelitic and mafic schists, and the depositional environment of this conglomerate/schist unit had not been clarified thus far. On the basis of a combination of the vertical and horizontal distribution of the conglomerates, their stratigraphic position and analysis of their sedimentological characteristics and the sedimentological context, it is concluded that the succession must have developed in a fluvial lowland environment where volcanic input contributed significantly to the sediment accumulation.
The Palaeoproterozoic succession of the Singhbhum craton in E. India was hitherto considered as a... more The Palaeoproterozoic succession of the Singhbhum craton in E. India was hitherto considered as almost entirely siliciclastic and partly volcanogenic. Here we describe, from the fine-grained, tidally influenced shale facies of the Palaeoproterozoic Chaibasa Formation (2.1-1.6 Ga), a fine, originally more or less horizontal, wavy to strongly undulating (later locally deformed) lamination. Investigation of these laminae shows that they must be ascribed to the accumulation of fine particles on microbial mats that covered a sandy substrate. The structures must therefore be considered as stromatolites, features that are accepted as proof of the presence of micro-organisms, in this case most probably cyanobacteria. The interpretation of biogenic activity is supported by microscopic analysis. It is the first description of traces left by biogenic activity that took place in the Palaeoproterozoic of the Singhbhum craton.
In the southern flank of the Cantabrian Mountains, northwestern Spain, a sequence of Upper Carbon... more In the southern flank of the Cantabrian Mountains, northwestern Spain, a sequence of Upper Carboniferous sediments is exposed in a synclinal structure, probably coinciding with the original basin, near the villages of Prioro and Tejerina. By means of palaeontological dating with several fossil groups (e.g. fusulinids, brachiopods, calcareous algae and land plants) the lower sequence of these sediments could be dated as Westphalian B/C to lower or middle Westphalian D (Yuso Group). After a relatively short time interval follows a sequence with an uppermost Westphalian D to lower Cantabrian age (Cea Group). These two groups are separated by an angular unconformity. These sediments together represent a regressive sequence, starting with a turbidite facies and gradually passing into a shallow marine facies at the top of the Yuso Group. The Cea Group is possibly fully continental, except for a few metres of shallow marine sediments in the middle part. Facies interpretations were made by ...
Abstract Fine-grained sediments from the Late Triassic Yanchang Fm. in the Ordos Basin (central C... more Abstract Fine-grained sediments from the Late Triassic Yanchang Fm. in the Ordos Basin (central China) were studied by core analysis and geophysical logging. Part of the mudstones in this formation are stratified, part of them are unstratified; the various mudstones can be subdivided into eight types on the basis of their structures and textures. They represent a variety of environments, ranging from delta fronts and subaqueous fans to deep-water environments. Part of the sediments were reworked and became eventually deposited from subaqueous gravity flows, such as mud flows, turbidity currents and hyperpycnal flows that easily developed on the clay-rich deltaic slopes. The sediments deposited by such gravity flows show abundant soft-sediment deformation structures. Understanding of such structures and recognition of fine-grained sediments as gravity-flow deposits is significant for the exploration of potential hydrocarbon occurrences. Because fine-grained deposits become increasingly important for hydrocarbon exploration, and because the sediments in the lacustrine Yanchang Formation were deposited by exactly the same processes that play a role in the accumulation of deltaic and prodeltaic fine-grained sediments, the sedimentological analysis provided here is not only important for the understanding of deep lacustrine sediments like the Yanchang Formation, but also for a better insight into the accumulation of fine-grained prodeltaic deep-marine sediments and their potential as hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoir rocks.
The fine-grained autochthonous sedimentation in the deep part of a Late Triassic lake was frequen... more The fine-grained autochthonous sedimentation in the deep part of a Late Triassic lake was frequently interrupted by gravity-induced mass flows. Some of these mass flows were so rich in water that they must have represented slurries. This can be deduced from the soft-sediment deformation structures that abound in cores from these lacustrine deposits which constitute the Yanchang Fm., which is present in the Ordos Basin (central China).The flows and the resulting SSDS were probably triggered by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, shear stress of gravity flows, and/or the sudden release of overburden-induced excess pore-fluid pressure. The tectonically active setting, the depositional slope and the high sedimentation rate facilitated the development of soft-sediment deformations, which consist mainly of load casts and associated structures such as pseudonodules and flame structures. Sediments with such deformations were occasionally eroded by slurries and became embedded in their deposits.
The sediments of the Cretaceous Gyeokpori Formation in south-western South Korea accumulated in a... more The sediments of the Cretaceous Gyeokpori Formation in south-western South Korea accumulated in a lake in which mainly siliciclastic rocks were deposited, with some interbedded volcaniclastics. The nearby volcanic activity resulted in unstable lake margins inducing a dominance of gravity-flow deposits. The high sedimentation rate facilitated soft-sediment deformation on the sloping margin. The deposition of numerous gravity-flow deposits resulted in a vertically heterolithic stratification. The slumps are composed of different lithologies, which is expressed in different types of deformation due to the difference in cohesion between sandy and mussy layers within the slumps. Coarser-grained (cohesionless) slumps tend to show more chaotic deformation of their lamination or layering. The difference in slumping behaviour of the cohesive and non-cohesive examples is explained and modelled. A unique soft-sediment deformation structure is recognized. This structure has not been described b...
IPCC 98. Contemporary Renaissance: Changing the Way we Communicate. Proceedings 1998 IEEE International Professional Communication Conference (Cat. No.98CH36332)
... IJsers can lhus be sure that they canjind all articles on a spec!jic topic, without the possi... more ... IJsers can lhus be sure that they canjind all articles on a spec!jic topic, without the possibility ihat some of the more important ... He was involved as an editor in Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, Acta Editologia and the Chinese Journal of Scientific and Technical Periodicals. ...
Abstract Sedimentological studies rarely reveal direct information about abrupt climatic changes.... more Abstract Sedimentological studies rarely reveal direct information about abrupt climatic changes. The interpretations of climatic changes, for instance at the end of the Pleistocene, are mainly based on fossils (in the Pleistocene deposits particularly on pollen) of species that are known to flourish within specific temperature ranges. The relatively scarce generally accessible literature data on the response of glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sedimentation to abrupt climatic change is based mainly on research of deposits formed at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, which need, however, not necessarily reflect a representative climatic change (it may have been exceptionally fast). Such data, in combination with theoretical considerations, provide some insight in the tendencies that such sediments might show during climate changes. Yet, it is not well possible to determine during which timespan most of such climatic changes took place. More insight might be obtained by a structured analysis of well ch...
Since 1970, defense-generated transuranlc waste has been placed into 20-year retrievable storage ... more Since 1970, defense-generated transuranlc waste has been placed into 20-year retrievable storage at the Radioactive Waste Management Complex at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). A major objective of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Nuclear Waste Management Program is to remove all retrievable stored transuranlc waste from the INEL. To support this objective, the Stored Waste Examination Pilot Plant (SWEPP) and the Process Experimental Pilot Plant (PREPP) are currently being constructed. SWEPP will certify waste, using non- destructive examination techniques, for shipment to the Waste Iso- lation Pilot Plant (WIPP). PREPP will process uncertifiable waste into a certifiable waste form. INTRODUCTION 2 The INEL covers 2305 km of semiarid land in southeast Idaho near the center of the eastern Snake River Plain. The Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC), which encompasses 58 ha in the southwestern corner of the INEL, serves as a major storage site for defense tran...
Large conglomerate lenses occur in a fine-grained siliciclastic succession of the Singhbhum crato... more Large conglomerate lenses occur in a fine-grained siliciclastic succession of the Singhbhum craton, eastern India. They overlie an Archaean orthogneiss, from which they are separated by a palaeosol. Neither the conglomerates nor the directly overlying rocks have been dated, but the conglomerate unit is assumed to have also an Archaean age. The conglomerate lenses occur within a succession of pelitic and mafic schists, and the depositional environment of this conglomerate/schist unit had not been clarified thus far. On the basis of a combination of the vertical and horizontal distribution of the conglomerates, their stratigraphic position and analysis of their sedimentological characteristics and the sedimentological context, it is concluded that the succession must have developed in a fluvial lowland environment where volcanic input contributed significantly to the sediment accumulation.
The Palaeoproterozoic succession of the Singhbhum craton in E. India was hitherto considered as a... more The Palaeoproterozoic succession of the Singhbhum craton in E. India was hitherto considered as almost entirely siliciclastic and partly volcanogenic. Here we describe, from the fine-grained, tidally influenced shale facies of the Palaeoproterozoic Chaibasa Formation (2.1-1.6 Ga), a fine, originally more or less horizontal, wavy to strongly undulating (later locally deformed) lamination. Investigation of these laminae shows that they must be ascribed to the accumulation of fine particles on microbial mats that covered a sandy substrate. The structures must therefore be considered as stromatolites, features that are accepted as proof of the presence of micro-organisms, in this case most probably cyanobacteria. The interpretation of biogenic activity is supported by microscopic analysis. It is the first description of traces left by biogenic activity that took place in the Palaeoproterozoic of the Singhbhum craton.
In the southern flank of the Cantabrian Mountains, northwestern Spain, a sequence of Upper Carbon... more In the southern flank of the Cantabrian Mountains, northwestern Spain, a sequence of Upper Carboniferous sediments is exposed in a synclinal structure, probably coinciding with the original basin, near the villages of Prioro and Tejerina. By means of palaeontological dating with several fossil groups (e.g. fusulinids, brachiopods, calcareous algae and land plants) the lower sequence of these sediments could be dated as Westphalian B/C to lower or middle Westphalian D (Yuso Group). After a relatively short time interval follows a sequence with an uppermost Westphalian D to lower Cantabrian age (Cea Group). These two groups are separated by an angular unconformity. These sediments together represent a regressive sequence, starting with a turbidite facies and gradually passing into a shallow marine facies at the top of the Yuso Group. The Cea Group is possibly fully continental, except for a few metres of shallow marine sediments in the middle part. Facies interpretations were made by ...
Abstract Fine-grained sediments from the Late Triassic Yanchang Fm. in the Ordos Basin (central C... more Abstract Fine-grained sediments from the Late Triassic Yanchang Fm. in the Ordos Basin (central China) were studied by core analysis and geophysical logging. Part of the mudstones in this formation are stratified, part of them are unstratified; the various mudstones can be subdivided into eight types on the basis of their structures and textures. They represent a variety of environments, ranging from delta fronts and subaqueous fans to deep-water environments. Part of the sediments were reworked and became eventually deposited from subaqueous gravity flows, such as mud flows, turbidity currents and hyperpycnal flows that easily developed on the clay-rich deltaic slopes. The sediments deposited by such gravity flows show abundant soft-sediment deformation structures. Understanding of such structures and recognition of fine-grained sediments as gravity-flow deposits is significant for the exploration of potential hydrocarbon occurrences. Because fine-grained deposits become increasingly important for hydrocarbon exploration, and because the sediments in the lacustrine Yanchang Formation were deposited by exactly the same processes that play a role in the accumulation of deltaic and prodeltaic fine-grained sediments, the sedimentological analysis provided here is not only important for the understanding of deep lacustrine sediments like the Yanchang Formation, but also for a better insight into the accumulation of fine-grained prodeltaic deep-marine sediments and their potential as hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoir rocks.
The fine-grained autochthonous sedimentation in the deep part of a Late Triassic lake was frequen... more The fine-grained autochthonous sedimentation in the deep part of a Late Triassic lake was frequently interrupted by gravity-induced mass flows. Some of these mass flows were so rich in water that they must have represented slurries. This can be deduced from the soft-sediment deformation structures that abound in cores from these lacustrine deposits which constitute the Yanchang Fm., which is present in the Ordos Basin (central China).The flows and the resulting SSDS were probably triggered by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, shear stress of gravity flows, and/or the sudden release of overburden-induced excess pore-fluid pressure. The tectonically active setting, the depositional slope and the high sedimentation rate facilitated the development of soft-sediment deformations, which consist mainly of load casts and associated structures such as pseudonodules and flame structures. Sediments with such deformations were occasionally eroded by slurries and became embedded in their deposits.
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