Papers by Lisette Salvesen
Cerebral Cortex, 2015
To determine the extent of neocortical involvement in multiple system atrophy (MSA), we used desi... more To determine the extent of neocortical involvement in multiple system atrophy (MSA), we used design-based stereological methods to estimate the total numbers of neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital cortex of brains from 11 patients with MSA and 11 age- and gender-matched control subjects. The stereological data were supported by cell marker expression analyses in tissue samples from the prefrontal cortex. We found significantly fewer neurons in the frontal and parietal cortex of MSA brains compared with control brains. Significantly more astrocytes and microglia were observed in the frontal, parietal, and temporal cortex of MSA brains, whereas no change in the total number of oligodendrocytes was seen in any of the neocortical regions. There were significantly fewer neurons in the frontal cortex of MSA patients with impaired executive function than in patients with normal executive function. Our results indicate that the involvement of the neocortex in MSA is far more widespread and substantial than previously thought. In addition, our results suggest that the increasingly recognized cognitive impairment in MSA may be related to neuronal loss in the frontal cortex.
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Neurobiology of Disease, 2015
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The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of centrifugation and protease activity ... more The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of centrifugation and protease activity on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of DJ-1 and hemoglobin. The concentrations of DJ-1 and hemoglobin were determined in 12 (DJ-1) and six (hemoglobin) pairs of CSF samples, with one sample being stored without centrifugation and the other being centrifuged at 2000 × g before storage. The DJ-1 concentration was also determined in centrifuged and uncentrifuged CSF containing protease inhibitors and compared with values determined in centrifuged and uncentrifuged CSF samples without protease inhibitors. Furthermore, specific protein concentrations were determined in CSF from two groups, each comprising 23 patients with Parkinson's disease. In one group the CSF was centrifuged at 1300-1800 × g, 4°C, 10 min, and in the other at 2000 × g, 4°C, 10 min. Centrifugation at 2000 × g resulted in significantly lower CSF DJ-1 concentrations compared with no centrifugation and centrifugation at a lower g-force. There was a significant difference in the hemoglobin concentration between centrifuged and uncentrifuged CSF. In all centrifuged samples the hemoglobin concentration was <200 ng/ml including blood contaminated samples centrifuged at 2000 × g. When a protease inhibitor cocktail was added to the CSF prior to centrifugation, the DJ-1 concentration was significantly higher. Preanalytical factors such as centrifugation and protease inhibition must be carefully controlled when handling CSF for analysis of DJ-1 and other biomarkers, as DJ-1 was influenced by blood contamination, centrifugation and protease activity.
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Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 2012
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Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 2012
Clinical differentiation between parkinsonian syndromes (PS) remains a challenge despite well-est... more Clinical differentiation between parkinsonian syndromes (PS) remains a challenge despite well-established clinical diagnostic criteria. Specific diagnostic biomarkers have yet to be identified, though in recent years, studies have been published on the aid of certain brain related proteins (BRP) in the diagnosing of PS. We investigated the levels of the light subunit of neurofilament triplet protein (NF-L), total tau and phosphorylated tau, amyloid-β(1-42), and the soluble α- and β-cleaved fragments of amyloid precursor proteins in a cohort of patients with various PS. Seventy-one patients with different PS and cerebellar disorders were included consecutively over 21 months. CSF was collected at inclusion. Clinical follow-up was performed after 16 months (median; range: 9-30). Statistical comparison was performed after follow-up on 53 patients in four subgroups of PS: multiple system atrophy (MSA)(n = 10), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)(n = 10), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)(n = 11), and Parkinson's disease (PD)(n = 22), using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. A statistically significant difference was found for NF-L (p < 0.0001, lowest values for PD), Aβ(1-42,) (p = 0.002, lowest values for DLB), and sAPPα and sAPPβ (p = 0.03 and 0.02, lower values observed for DLB and MSA). We demonstrate a potential role for sAPPα and sAPPβ in distinguishing between PS, a finding that needs to be confirmed in future studies of larger cohorts. There is a tendency towards low levels of Aβ(1-42) in DLB patients in our cohort. Further, our results support findings from previous studies, which indicate an ability to separate atypical PS from PD based on levels of NF-L.
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Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2010
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Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2012
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Future Neurology, 2014
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Papers by Lisette Salvesen