Research Interests:
Research Interests:
In this paper the existence and uniqueness of solutions for second-order fuzzy differential equations with initial conditions under generalized H-differentiability is proved. To this end, the concept of second-order generalized... more
In this paper the existence and uniqueness of solutions for second-order fuzzy differential equations with initial conditions under generalized H-differentiability is proved. To this end, the concept of second-order generalized differential equation is defined, which is based on an enlargement of the class of differentiable fuzzy mappings.
Research Interests:
In this paper, we are going to solve Fuzzy integral equations (FI)s by differential transformation method(DTM). Intrinsically, DTM evaluates the approximating solution by the finite Taylor series. The differential transformation method... more
In this paper, we are going to solve Fuzzy integral equations (FI)s by differential transformation method(DTM). Intrinsically, DTM evaluates the approximating solution by the finite Taylor series. The differential transformation method does not evaluate the derivative symbolically; instead, it calculates the relative derivatives by an iteration procedure described by the transformed equations obtained from the original equations using differential transformation.
Research Interests:
RIG-I is a major innate immune sensor for viral infection, triggering an interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response upon cytosolic detection of viral RNA. Double-strandedness and 5'-terminal triphosphates were identified as motifs... more
RIG-I is a major innate immune sensor for viral infection, triggering an interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response upon cytosolic detection of viral RNA. Double-strandedness and 5'-terminal triphosphates were identified as motifs required to elicit optimal immunological signaling. However, very little is known about the response dynamics of the RIG-I pathway, which is crucial for the ability of the cell to react to diverse classes of viral RNA while maintaining self-tolerance. In the present study, we addressed the molecular mechanism of RIG-I signal detection and its translation into pathway activation. By employing highly quantitative methods, we could establish the length of the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to be the most critical determinant of response strength. Size exclusion chromatography and direct visualization in scanning force microscopy suggested that this was due to cooperative oligomerization of RIG-I along dsRNA. The initiation efficiency of this oligomerizati...