Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - DIABETES RES CLIN PRACT, 2007
To evaluate the influence of ApaI, BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and HLA-DQB1* alle... more To evaluate the influence of ApaI, BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and HLA-DQB1* alleles in type 1 diabetic children and to assess their possible relationship with circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, auto-antibodies, and INFγ/TGFβ1 cytokines levels in Chilean cases and controls.DNA and serum samples from 216 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic and 203 unrelated control children were evaluated for IA-2 and GAD65 auto-antibodies, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels, HLA-DQB1* alleles, and VDR gene polymorphisms.The frequency of the b allele and the bb genotype in type 1 diabetic patients was significantly lower compared with the control group (0.635 versus 0.749, p < 0.01 and 0.370 versus 0.567, p < 0.04). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 levels showed no differences between type 1 diabetic and healthy children. In cases, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were not associated with a special auto-antibodies profile according to the presence or absence of GAD65+ or IA-2+. The haplotype combination BAT was higher in cases (0.062 versus 0.019, p < 0.0022) and bAT was more frequent in controls (0.266 versus 0.180, p < 0.003). In cases, the aaBbTT genotype showed the most significant increase in TGFβ1 level across the VDR categories. Finally, when considering the HLA class II risk genotype (DQB1*0302) and the VDR genotypes (AabbTT and aabbTT), higher levels of GAD65, IA-2 and TGFβ1 were observed among diabetic children.We found an association between a VDR polymorphism (BsmI) and type 1 diabetes. An association was found of AabbTT and aabbTT genotypes and the HLA-DQB1*0302 allele with high levels of GAD65, IA-2 and TGFβ1.
A Sagnac interferometer with a section of a polarization maintaining side-hole fiber for multipar... more A Sagnac interferometer with a section of a polarization maintaining side-hole fiber for multiparameter measurement is proposed. The sensor was experimentally demonstrated to be sensitive to torsion, temperature, and longitudinal strain, simultaneously. The birefringence in the investigated side-hole fiber is induced simultaneously by the elliptical shape of a germanium-doped core and by field overlap with the air holes surrounding the core. The latter effect is purely geometrical and causes high chromatic dispersion of the group birefringence in the long wavelength range, which results in a different period of spectral interference fringes. A different wavelength response is obtained for each interference fringe peak when the fiber is subjected to torsion, temperature, or longitudinal strain. A matrix equation for simultaneous measurement of the three parameters--torsion, temperature, and longitudinal strain--is also proposed.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - DIABETES RES CLIN PRACT, 2007
To evaluate the influence of ApaI, BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and HLA-DQB1* alle... more To evaluate the influence of ApaI, BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and HLA-DQB1* alleles in type 1 diabetic children and to assess their possible relationship with circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, auto-antibodies, and INFγ/TGFβ1 cytokines levels in Chilean cases and controls.DNA and serum samples from 216 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic and 203 unrelated control children were evaluated for IA-2 and GAD65 auto-antibodies, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels, HLA-DQB1* alleles, and VDR gene polymorphisms.The frequency of the b allele and the bb genotype in type 1 diabetic patients was significantly lower compared with the control group (0.635 versus 0.749, p < 0.01 and 0.370 versus 0.567, p < 0.04). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 levels showed no differences between type 1 diabetic and healthy children. In cases, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were not associated with a special auto-antibodies profile according to the presence or absence of GAD65+ or IA-2+. The haplotype combination BAT was higher in cases (0.062 versus 0.019, p < 0.0022) and bAT was more frequent in controls (0.266 versus 0.180, p < 0.003). In cases, the aaBbTT genotype showed the most significant increase in TGFβ1 level across the VDR categories. Finally, when considering the HLA class II risk genotype (DQB1*0302) and the VDR genotypes (AabbTT and aabbTT), higher levels of GAD65, IA-2 and TGFβ1 were observed among diabetic children.We found an association between a VDR polymorphism (BsmI) and type 1 diabetes. An association was found of AabbTT and aabbTT genotypes and the HLA-DQB1*0302 allele with high levels of GAD65, IA-2 and TGFβ1.
A Sagnac interferometer with a section of a polarization maintaining side-hole fiber for multipar... more A Sagnac interferometer with a section of a polarization maintaining side-hole fiber for multiparameter measurement is proposed. The sensor was experimentally demonstrated to be sensitive to torsion, temperature, and longitudinal strain, simultaneously. The birefringence in the investigated side-hole fiber is induced simultaneously by the elliptical shape of a germanium-doped core and by field overlap with the air holes surrounding the core. The latter effect is purely geometrical and causes high chromatic dispersion of the group birefringence in the long wavelength range, which results in a different period of spectral interference fringes. A different wavelength response is obtained for each interference fringe peak when the fiber is subjected to torsion, temperature, or longitudinal strain. A matrix equation for simultaneous measurement of the three parameters--torsion, temperature, and longitudinal strain--is also proposed.
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