Reliability, content, and homogeneity of own- and other-race impressions were assessed: U.S. Whit... more Reliability, content, and homogeneity of own- and other-race impressions were assessed: U.S. White, U.S. Black, and Korean students rated faces of White, Black, or Korean men. High intraracial reliabilities revealed that people of 1 race showed equally high agreement regarding the traits of own- and other-race faces. Racially universal appearance stereotypes--the attractiveness halo effect and the babyface overgeneralization effect--contributed substantially to interracial agreement, which was only marginally lower than intraracial agreement. Moreover, similar attention to variations in appearance yielded similar degrees of own- and other-race trait differentiation. When own- and other-race differences in the differentiation of faces on babyfaceness were statistically controlled, differences in trait differentiation were eliminated. Despite the individuated impressions of other-race faces, certain racial stereotypes persisted.
... knee bending, as well as more forward lean and stiffness (Montepare & Zebrowitz-McArt... more ... knee bending, as well as more forward lean and stiffness (Montepare & Zebrowitz-McArthur, 1988; Murray, 1967; Murray, Kory, & Clarkson ... Moreover, people can reliably identify the relative babyishness of child speakers (Berry, Hansen, Landry-Pester, & Meier, 1994) as well as ...
Evidence is accumulating on the effects of subjective aging-that is, how individuals perceive the... more Evidence is accumulating on the effects of subjective aging-that is, how individuals perceive their own aging process-on health and survival in later life. The goal of this article is to synthesize findings of existing longitudinal studies through a meta-analysis. A systematic search in PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, and Pubmed resulted in 19 longitudinal studies reporting effects of subjective aging on health, health behaviors, and longevity. The authors combine the outcomes reported in these studies using a random effects meta-analysis, assuming that there would be differences in effect sizes across studies. The meta-analysis resulted in an overall significant effect of subjective aging (likelihood ratio = 1.429; 95% confidence interval = 1.273-1.604; p < .001). The analyses revealed heterogeneity, with stronger effects for studies with a shorter period of follow-up, for studies of health versus survival, for studies with younger participants (average age of the studies varies between 57 and 85 years with a median of 63 years), and for studies in welfare systems where state provisions of welfare are minimal. However, effects did not vary either across different operationalizations of subjective aging or by study quality. Subjective aging has a small significant effect on health, health behaviors, and survival. Further theoretical conceptualizations and empirical studies are needed to determine how subjective aging contributes to health and survival.
Page 1. Sex Roles, Vol. 24, Nos. 5/6, 1991 Characteristics and Psychological Correlates of Young ... more Page 1. Sex Roles, Vol. 24, Nos. 5/6, 1991 Characteristics and Psychological Correlates of Young Adult Men's and Women's Subjective Age 1 Joann M. Montepare Tufts University This research examined young adult men's ...
ABSTRACT To further our understanding of the impact of social factors on women's vocal be... more ABSTRACT To further our understanding of the impact of social factors on women's vocal behavior, women's vocal reactions to different male friends were examined. Specifically, subjects listened to women talking to intimate and casual male friends on the telephone, made ratings about women's vocal qualities and psychological traits, and identified with whom they thought the women were speaking. Several baby-talk-related aspects of the women's speech were also assessed by two independent judges. Results revealed not only that subjects could identify women's conversation partners at better than chance levels but also that subjects perceived women as more approachable, sincere, submissive, and scatterbrained when talking to intimate than to casual friends. Women manifested more feminine and babyish paralinguistic vocal qualities when talking to intimate versus casual friends; however, no differences were found in the linguistic features of women's speech coded by judges. As well, no differences in perceptions of speakers were found in a second group of subjects who read transcripts of the women's conversations. The present findings suggest that paralinguistic rather than linguistic features or content of women's vocal reactions influence perceptions of them when they are conversing with different male friends. Possible social functions served by women's vocal reactions to intimate versus casual friends are discussed, and hypotheses are offered to explain impressions created by differences in women's vocal behavior.
Drawing on McArthur and Baron's (1983) ecological theory of social perception, the presen... more Drawing on McArthur and Baron's (1983) ecological theory of social perception, the present research examined younger and older children's ability to differentiate male and female adults who varied in the babyishness of their facial appearance. Children's perceptions of the targets' dominance and warmth were also assessed. Systematic effects were found on all measures and were qualified by targets' sex and children's age group.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1993
... Inc. 0022-3514/93/S3.00 They Don't All Look Alike: Individuated Impressions of Other... more ... Inc. 0022-3514/93/S3.00 They Don't All Look Alike: Individuated Impressions of Other Racial Groups Leslie A. Zebrowitz, Joann M. Montepare, and Hoon Koo Lee ... Brown had been mistaken for another Black man who had recently committed a bank robbery. ...
Page 1. THE IMPACT OF VARIATIONS IN HEIGHT ON YOUNG CHILDREN'S IMPRESSIONS OF MEN AND WOMEN ... more Page 1. THE IMPACT OF VARIATIONS IN HEIGHT ON YOUNG CHILDREN'S IMPRESSIONS OF MEN AND WOMEN Joann M. Montepare ABSTRACT: Two studies examined whether variations in height influence chil-dren's impressions of men and women. ...
Reliability, content, and homogeneity of own- and other-race impressions were assessed: U.S. Whit... more Reliability, content, and homogeneity of own- and other-race impressions were assessed: U.S. White, U.S. Black, and Korean students rated faces of White, Black, or Korean men. High intraracial reliabilities revealed that people of 1 race showed equally high agreement regarding the traits of own- and other-race faces. Racially universal appearance stereotypes--the attractiveness halo effect and the babyface overgeneralization effect--contributed substantially to interracial agreement, which was only marginally lower than intraracial agreement. Moreover, similar attention to variations in appearance yielded similar degrees of own- and other-race trait differentiation. When own- and other-race differences in the differentiation of faces on babyfaceness were statistically controlled, differences in trait differentiation were eliminated. Despite the individuated impressions of other-race faces, certain racial stereotypes persisted.
... knee bending, as well as more forward lean and stiffness (Montepare & Zebrowitz-McArt... more ... knee bending, as well as more forward lean and stiffness (Montepare & Zebrowitz-McArthur, 1988; Murray, 1967; Murray, Kory, & Clarkson ... Moreover, people can reliably identify the relative babyishness of child speakers (Berry, Hansen, Landry-Pester, & Meier, 1994) as well as ...
Evidence is accumulating on the effects of subjective aging-that is, how individuals perceive the... more Evidence is accumulating on the effects of subjective aging-that is, how individuals perceive their own aging process-on health and survival in later life. The goal of this article is to synthesize findings of existing longitudinal studies through a meta-analysis. A systematic search in PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, and Pubmed resulted in 19 longitudinal studies reporting effects of subjective aging on health, health behaviors, and longevity. The authors combine the outcomes reported in these studies using a random effects meta-analysis, assuming that there would be differences in effect sizes across studies. The meta-analysis resulted in an overall significant effect of subjective aging (likelihood ratio = 1.429; 95% confidence interval = 1.273-1.604; p < .001). The analyses revealed heterogeneity, with stronger effects for studies with a shorter period of follow-up, for studies of health versus survival, for studies with younger participants (average age of the studies varies between 57 and 85 years with a median of 63 years), and for studies in welfare systems where state provisions of welfare are minimal. However, effects did not vary either across different operationalizations of subjective aging or by study quality. Subjective aging has a small significant effect on health, health behaviors, and survival. Further theoretical conceptualizations and empirical studies are needed to determine how subjective aging contributes to health and survival.
Page 1. Sex Roles, Vol. 24, Nos. 5/6, 1991 Characteristics and Psychological Correlates of Young ... more Page 1. Sex Roles, Vol. 24, Nos. 5/6, 1991 Characteristics and Psychological Correlates of Young Adult Men's and Women's Subjective Age 1 Joann M. Montepare Tufts University This research examined young adult men's ...
ABSTRACT To further our understanding of the impact of social factors on women's vocal be... more ABSTRACT To further our understanding of the impact of social factors on women's vocal behavior, women's vocal reactions to different male friends were examined. Specifically, subjects listened to women talking to intimate and casual male friends on the telephone, made ratings about women's vocal qualities and psychological traits, and identified with whom they thought the women were speaking. Several baby-talk-related aspects of the women's speech were also assessed by two independent judges. Results revealed not only that subjects could identify women's conversation partners at better than chance levels but also that subjects perceived women as more approachable, sincere, submissive, and scatterbrained when talking to intimate than to casual friends. Women manifested more feminine and babyish paralinguistic vocal qualities when talking to intimate versus casual friends; however, no differences were found in the linguistic features of women's speech coded by judges. As well, no differences in perceptions of speakers were found in a second group of subjects who read transcripts of the women's conversations. The present findings suggest that paralinguistic rather than linguistic features or content of women's vocal reactions influence perceptions of them when they are conversing with different male friends. Possible social functions served by women's vocal reactions to intimate versus casual friends are discussed, and hypotheses are offered to explain impressions created by differences in women's vocal behavior.
Drawing on McArthur and Baron's (1983) ecological theory of social perception, the presen... more Drawing on McArthur and Baron's (1983) ecological theory of social perception, the present research examined younger and older children's ability to differentiate male and female adults who varied in the babyishness of their facial appearance. Children's perceptions of the targets' dominance and warmth were also assessed. Systematic effects were found on all measures and were qualified by targets' sex and children's age group.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1993
... Inc. 0022-3514/93/S3.00 They Don't All Look Alike: Individuated Impressions of Other... more ... Inc. 0022-3514/93/S3.00 They Don't All Look Alike: Individuated Impressions of Other Racial Groups Leslie A. Zebrowitz, Joann M. Montepare, and Hoon Koo Lee ... Brown had been mistaken for another Black man who had recently committed a bank robbery. ...
Page 1. THE IMPACT OF VARIATIONS IN HEIGHT ON YOUNG CHILDREN'S IMPRESSIONS OF MEN AND WOMEN ... more Page 1. THE IMPACT OF VARIATIONS IN HEIGHT ON YOUNG CHILDREN'S IMPRESSIONS OF MEN AND WOMEN Joann M. Montepare ABSTRACT: Two studies examined whether variations in height influence chil-dren's impressions of men and women. ...
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