Papers by Gaetano Siscaro
ABSTRACT The South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), ... more ABSTRACT The South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an invasive Neotropical pest. After its first detection in Europe it rapidly invaded more than 30 Western Palaearctic countries becoming a serious agricultural threat to tomato production in both protected and open field crops. Among the pest control tactics against exotic pests, biological control using indigenous natural enemies is one of the most promising. Here, available data on the Afro-Eurasian natural enemies of T. absoluta are compiled. Then, their potential for inclusion in sustainable pest control packages is discussed providing relevant examples. Collections were conducted in 12 countries, both in open field and protected susceptible crops, as well as in wild flora and/or using infested sentinel plants. More than seventy arthropod species, 20% predators and 80% parasitoids, were recorded attacking the new pest so far. Among the recovered indigenous natural enemies only few parasitoid species, namely some eulophid and braconid wasps, and especially mirid predators have promising potential to be included in effective and environmentally-friendly management strategies of the pest in the newly invaded areas. Finally, a brief outlook of the future researches and applications of indigenous T. absoluta biological control agents is provided.
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The South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an inv... more The South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an invasive Neotropical pest. After its first detection in Europe it rapidly invaded more than 30 Western Palaearctic countries becoming a serious agricultural threat to tomato production in both protected and open field crops. Among the pest control tactics against exotic pests, biological control using indigenous natural enemies is one of the most promising. Here, available data on the Afro-Eurasian natural enemies of T. absoluta are compiled. Then, their potential for inclusion in sustainable pest control packages is discussed providing relevant examples. Collections were conducted in 12 countries, both in open field and protected susceptible crops, as well as in wild flora and/or using infested sentinel plants. More than seventy arthropod species, 20% predators and 80% parasitoids, were recorded attacking the new pest so far. Among the recovered indigenous natural enemies only few parasito...
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Journal of Applied Entomology, 2012
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EPPO Bulletin, 2012
ABSTRACT Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is an invasive pest of tomato native to South America, where it ... more ABSTRACT Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is an invasive pest of tomato native to South America, where it is responsible for extensive damage. It rapidly spread into several European countries, becom-ing a key pest. Knowledge of its main biological traits can be used to develop effective plant protection management strategies. It is a multivoltine species with a homodynamous behaviour, and the length of its life cycle depends on environmental conditions, particularly temperature. The larvae feed and develop inside tomato leaves, stems and fruits throughout the entire growing cycle. The adults have crepuscular habits, and in Mediterranean condi-tions they can be easily detected throughout the year. Damage is directly related to the reduction of plants' photosynthetic capacity and of production levels in both protected and open-field tomato crops; indirect damage can be also caused by secondary infections, with pathogens developing on the infested plant and fruit tissues.
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ABSTRACT The South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), ... more ABSTRACT The South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an invasive Neotropical pest. After its first detection in Europe it rapidly invaded more than 30 Western Palaearctic countries becoming a serious agricultural threat to tomato production in both protected and open field crops. Among the pest control tactics against exotic pests, biological control using indigenous natural enemies is one of the most promising. Here, available data on the Afro-Eurasian natural enemies of T. absoluta are compiled. Then, their potential for inclusion in sustainable pest control packages is discussed providing relevant examples. Collections were conducted in 12 countries, both in open field and protected susceptible crops, as well as in wild flora and/or using infested sentinel plants. More than seventy arthropod species, 20% predators and 80% parasitoids, were recorded attacking the new pest so far. Among the recovered indigenous natural enemies only few parasitoid species, namely some eulophid and braconid wasps, and especially mirid predators have promising potential to be included in effective and environmentally-friendly management strategies of the pest in the newly invaded areas. Finally, a brief outlook of the future researches and applications of indigenous T. absoluta biological control agents is provided.
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Chemosphere, 2015
The assessment of pesticides compatibility with natural enemies is recommended before including a... more The assessment of pesticides compatibility with natural enemies is recommended before including agrochemicals in integrated and organic pest management schemes. The lethal and sublethal effects of a mineral oil and a juvenile hormone mimic (pyriproxyfen), on adults and larvae of Aphytis melinus, a key ectoparasitoid of armored scale insect pests of citrus, such as Aonidiella aurantii, were evaluated. Mineral oil caused very high mortality on the adults, while a lower acute toxicity was recorded on young instars. No significant effects on their reproduction capacity and on the sex-ratio of the progeny were observed. Pyriproxyfen had neither lethal nor sublethal effects (in terms of survived female fertility) on A. melinus adults. However, parasitoid larvae exposed to this insecticide suffered strong acute toxicity and fertility reduction (progeny number and proportion of female progeny). When adults were offered the choice to parasitize treated and untreated scales they significantly...
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Papers by Gaetano Siscaro