The management of duodenal injuries is a subject of ongoing debate. In this study we attempt to d... more The management of duodenal injuries is a subject of ongoing debate. In this study we attempt to describe duodenum-related morbidity (DRM) after primary repair or complex repair (CR) and to identify risk factors for development of complications. The medical records of 145 consecutive patients admitted to Los Angeles County+University of Southern California Medical Center with duodenal injuries between January 1991 and December 1997 were reviewed. Fifty-four (37%) died within 24 hours of admission because of associated injuries. The remaining 91 were subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis. Of them, 66 (72.5%) developed complications and 3 (3%) died. CR was used in 32 (35%) patients and with increasing frequency as the grade of duodenal injury increased. DRM rate was overall low (9%) and not different between low-grade and high-grade duodenal injuries. This occurred despite a significant increase in Injury Severity Score and abdominal Abbreviated Injury Score in patients wit...
Electric motors are the most used final control elements / actuators in process control and autom... more Electric motors are the most used final control elements / actuators in process control and automation. This include DC, Synchronous, and AC induction motors. Squirrel cage three phase induction motors are the most popular in industry as they only require one AC source, self-started, and exhibit a high degree of ruggedness. The motor speed is typically regulated using a PLC microprocessor based variable speed / frequency drives, which greatly reduce energy consumption when adequately utilized in the control. All industrial motor starters must at least contain fuses, disconnect switch, and thermal overload protective relays. They can also include protection against over load / torque and other failures or up normal conditions, which might damage the motor. PLC software must account for additional protections and adheres to all safety standards. This paper uses a case study extracted from an actual process control implemented project to highlight PLC motor control safety and fundament...
Introduction Fast-track anesthesia technique is now an important aspect for reducing or eliminati... more Introduction Fast-track anesthesia technique is now an important aspect for reducing or eliminating the adverse effects of prolonged postoperative ventilation together with reducing ICU and hospital length of stay. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant drug for fast-track technique in pediatric cardiac surgery. Patients and methods Sixty patients of both sexes with ages ranging from 1 to 12 years indicated for correction of noncomplex congenital heart diseases with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were included in this study. After standard inhalational induction using sevoflurane for all patients, they were randomly classified into two groups of 30 each. In the dexmedetomidine group (group D), the patients received an initial bolus dose of dexmedetomidine (0.4 mg/kg) over 10 min, followed by continuous infusion of 0.5 mg/kg/h until the end of CPB. In the propofol group (group P) the patients received an initial bolus dose of propofol (2 mg/kg) over 30 s, followed by infusion at rate of 0.5 mg/kg/min until the end of CPB. Results There were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). As regards hemodynamics, heart rate was higher in the propofol group, whereas mean arterial pressure was higher in the dexmedetomidine group. Moreover, total dose of fentanyl, time of extubation in ICU, postoperative pain score, and need for postoperative analgesia were significantly higher in the propofol group. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine helps in fast-track anesthesia in pediatric cardiac surgery and has many desirable effects that encourage its use in the perioperative period.
ABSTRACT In this paper we propose a model for the design of Networks-on-Chip (NoC) links that tak... more ABSTRACT In this paper we propose a model for the design of Networks-on-Chip (NoC) links that takes into considerations the systematic and random effects of process variability. The model predicts the delay variations of each NoC link in a floor-plan. Delay variations are used to modify the link design parameters, like the optimal number of buffered sections and their gains, to meet the delay constraints in a more variability-tolerant way. The proposed technique is tested using test cases of 4x4 meshes at 65 nm, 45nm, 32nm, and 22 nm technologies. Results show that the delay variations approach 10% of the total link delay and the total power cost using our technique is up to 33% compared to the nominal delay and power values in the absence of random and systematic variations effects. Yet our methodology has a lower power cost compared to the worst-case design, saving up to 28% of the total power consumption in the test case of the 4x4 mesh at 45 nm.
The management of duodenal injuries is a subject of ongoing debate. In this study we attempt to d... more The management of duodenal injuries is a subject of ongoing debate. In this study we attempt to describe duodenum-related morbidity (DRM) after primary repair or complex repair (CR) and to identify risk factors for development of complications. The medical records of 145 consecutive patients admitted to Los Angeles County+University of Southern California Medical Center with duodenal injuries between January 1991 and December 1997 were reviewed. Fifty-four (37%) died within 24 hours of admission because of associated injuries. The remaining 91 were subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis. Of them, 66 (72.5%) developed complications and 3 (3%) died. CR was used in 32 (35%) patients and with increasing frequency as the grade of duodenal injury increased. DRM rate was overall low (9%) and not different between low-grade and high-grade duodenal injuries. This occurred despite a significant increase in Injury Severity Score and abdominal Abbreviated Injury Score in patients wit...
Electric motors are the most used final control elements / actuators in process control and autom... more Electric motors are the most used final control elements / actuators in process control and automation. This include DC, Synchronous, and AC induction motors. Squirrel cage three phase induction motors are the most popular in industry as they only require one AC source, self-started, and exhibit a high degree of ruggedness. The motor speed is typically regulated using a PLC microprocessor based variable speed / frequency drives, which greatly reduce energy consumption when adequately utilized in the control. All industrial motor starters must at least contain fuses, disconnect switch, and thermal overload protective relays. They can also include protection against over load / torque and other failures or up normal conditions, which might damage the motor. PLC software must account for additional protections and adheres to all safety standards. This paper uses a case study extracted from an actual process control implemented project to highlight PLC motor control safety and fundament...
Introduction Fast-track anesthesia technique is now an important aspect for reducing or eliminati... more Introduction Fast-track anesthesia technique is now an important aspect for reducing or eliminating the adverse effects of prolonged postoperative ventilation together with reducing ICU and hospital length of stay. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant drug for fast-track technique in pediatric cardiac surgery. Patients and methods Sixty patients of both sexes with ages ranging from 1 to 12 years indicated for correction of noncomplex congenital heart diseases with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were included in this study. After standard inhalational induction using sevoflurane for all patients, they were randomly classified into two groups of 30 each. In the dexmedetomidine group (group D), the patients received an initial bolus dose of dexmedetomidine (0.4 mg/kg) over 10 min, followed by continuous infusion of 0.5 mg/kg/h until the end of CPB. In the propofol group (group P) the patients received an initial bolus dose of propofol (2 mg/kg) over 30 s, followed by infusion at rate of 0.5 mg/kg/min until the end of CPB. Results There were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). As regards hemodynamics, heart rate was higher in the propofol group, whereas mean arterial pressure was higher in the dexmedetomidine group. Moreover, total dose of fentanyl, time of extubation in ICU, postoperative pain score, and need for postoperative analgesia were significantly higher in the propofol group. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine helps in fast-track anesthesia in pediatric cardiac surgery and has many desirable effects that encourage its use in the perioperative period.
ABSTRACT In this paper we propose a model for the design of Networks-on-Chip (NoC) links that tak... more ABSTRACT In this paper we propose a model for the design of Networks-on-Chip (NoC) links that takes into considerations the systematic and random effects of process variability. The model predicts the delay variations of each NoC link in a floor-plan. Delay variations are used to modify the link design parameters, like the optimal number of buffered sections and their gains, to meet the delay constraints in a more variability-tolerant way. The proposed technique is tested using test cases of 4x4 meshes at 65 nm, 45nm, 32nm, and 22 nm technologies. Results show that the delay variations approach 10% of the total link delay and the total power cost using our technique is up to 33% compared to the nominal delay and power values in the absence of random and systematic variations effects. Yet our methodology has a lower power cost compared to the worst-case design, saving up to 28% of the total power consumption in the test case of the 4x4 mesh at 45 nm.
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Papers by Eman Kamel