This study investigates the potential impacts of a range of specific support measures on the envi... more This study investigates the potential impacts of a range of specific support measures on the environment, using farm and sector‐scale economic models, in a range of country settings. Market price support and payments based on unconstrained variable input use are found to be the most environmentally harmful among the various support policies assessed. In contrast, decoupled support payments based on noncurrent crop area are the least harmful. The impacts of support policies that directly change the competitiveness of one production activity in relation to another, such as payments based on current crop area or on animal numbers, are more equivocal.
In the face of uncertainties associated with conventional energy resources. Identifying the geogr... more In the face of uncertainties associated with conventional energy resources. Identifying the geographic dimensions of wind energy trends and the patterns has the potential to address some of the significant issues communities face. This is highly indispensible in order to ensure self-sufficiency in alternative and sustainable energy systems. This paper will focus on the analysis of geographic dimensions of wind energy use in selected areas of the Midwest region of the United States. The emphasis is on the issues and trends, factors shaping the adoption of wind energy and the impacts of usage. While the paper uses a mix scale method of descriptive statistics and Geographic information systems (GIS) to analyze the trends spatially. Preliminary results show growing use of wind power as an alternative source of energy all through 2002-2013 in the Mid-west. This is evident with the sizable capacity, installed and generated energy, rising potentials, and changing growth rates as well as ec...
American Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016
The Pacific coastal states continue to be at risk from both locally and distantly generated tsuna... more The Pacific coastal states continue to be at risk from both locally and distantly generated tsunamis. At a time of intense ecological uncertainties, regional assessment of tsunami hazards in the region is not only vital, but it offers opportunity in these areas to gauge the level of readiness needed in mitigating eventual disasters. While there is a growing anxiety to the next big seismic catastrophe in the Pacific Northwest states, very little has been done to adequately assess the vulnerability to future tsunamis. Accordingly, this research uses a mix-scale method of descriptive statistics technique connected to GIS and spatial images to evaluate the impending risks in the study area. The results point to widespread occurrence of earth quakes and the continual exposure of the region to the threats of potential tsunamis. The gravity of the risks is manifested by the relative prevalence and likelihood of underwater tremor in the area than other regions of the US. Additionally, the p...
This book is structured as a planning research tool. It offers an analysis of oil and gas depleti... more This book is structured as a planning research tool. It offers an analysis of oil and gas depletion as well as environmental damage costs in Canada and the United States. It also provides an analyses of the factors responsible for the changes from 1961 to 2000 using a national accounting approach anchored in multi-variate analysis and descriptive statistics connected to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. The major highlights of the book include literature reviews, conceptual dimensions, the profile of the study area with emphasis on oil and gas pollution and costs, the methodological section that describes many components including green accounting model for oil and gas as well as a GIS-based environmental impact assessment and the status of green accounting in both Canada and the United States. The results of the study reveal the occurrence of depletion, growing environmental costs, and the role of economic indicators of gross domestic product (GDP) and gross state pr...
Water resources use in the West African region plays an essential role in the daily lives of comm... more Water resources use in the West African region plays an essential role in the daily lives of communities. Being a region that spans across different ecozones, access to water and scarcity recurrence in some places are common. In the process, the extent of imbalance in the distribution patterns continues to fuel water insecurity and hydrological stress in the Sahel portion. This contrasts deeply with the abundance in the coastal lower South along the Gulf of Guinea. In as much as the current policy did little to ensure continual access in the zone over the years, water allotment across sectors like agriculture, industry and domestic households are on the uptick compared to the others. Even as access to potable water resources dropped in some places, meeting the stipulated global thresholds on water quality under the Millennium Development Agenda remains elusive in some of the nations. With that has come widespread pollution, degradation, depletion of the resource, limited rainfall, and the menace of drought. Hence, the problem is further compounded by several ecological (physical), and socioeconomic elements located within the larger regional hydrology. This includes the changing climatic parameters, ineffective policy, rising demands, and lack of monitoring. Notwithstanding these challenges, very little has been done in the literature to analyze the issues in water resources use across the study area using the mix scale model. For that, this paper will fill that void by focusing on the challenges in a select group of countries in West Africa. Emphasis is on the issues, trends, impacts, and factors. For the purposes of analysis, the paper uses mix scale methods connected to the techniques of GIS and descriptive statistics. In applying the techniques, the results show widespread use of water and changes, the appearance of degradation, pollution, and water stress due to a set of socioeconomic and physical elements. To remedy the situation, the paper proffered some solutions ranging from the education of the public on water use, the enactment of efficient policy, periodic monitoring, and the design of a regional water management information system.
The access to agricultural subsidies optimizes the daily operations of farms in North Texas. Bein... more The access to agricultural subsidies optimizes the daily operations of farms in North Texas. Being an essential policy instrument for ensuring the success of government-supported agricultural program objectives among targeted groups. Over the years, the disbursement of federal agricultural assisted programs continues to flourish with the intent of boosting capacity of supposedly needy farms. While much of the aids serve ample uses in sustaining solely farms involved in a few select commodities (cotton, wheat, corn, sorghum, peanuts), together with natural disaster payments and conservation reserve programs. There is little or no consideration for fruits, vegetables, and dairy products essential for healthy living as bigger farms benefit more. Added to that are the rising use of farm nutrients made up of various volumes of pesticides and agrochemicals to boost output despite the rising risks to marshlands and the surrounding ecosystems in North Texas and subsidy induced ground water depletion along the major Aquifer. Notwithstanding the recurrent ecological implications of subsidy disbursement in the agricultural sector, very little study exists on the environmental footprints in the North Texas region under mix-scale orientation using the latest geospatial tools as analytical devices. This research will fill that void by assessing the environmental impacts of agricultural subsidy in the study area with emphasis on the issues, trends, impacts and the underlying factors. Using secondary data processed by mix scale methods of descriptive statistics connected to Geographic information Systems (GIS). The results reveal large subsidy allotment from 1995-2020 for commodities, disaster mitigation and conservation coupled with land use change, loss of farms amidst rising fertilizer use and ecosystem impacts. While GIS mappings show spatial dispersion of the trends over time with visible concentration in the ten counties, the emergent issues stem partly from several socioeconomic , ecological, policy and global forces located within the larger agricultural structure. To address these concerns, the paper offered solutions ranging from the need for coherent policy, education, the design of a regional farm subsidy and environmental information system and ecological monitoring.
International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering
Cassava, as a staple in Nigeria, is not only commonly found and cultivated across many agro-ecolo... more Cassava, as a staple in Nigeria, is not only commonly found and cultivated across many agro-ecological zones. But it serves a variety of purposes as essential raw material for industries and export commodity. Even at that, and with cassava's external origins as a root crop introduced into the tropics. The physical conditions in Nigeria's Lower South axis have for years provided essential bio-geoclimatic parameters like temperature, soil and climate that enabled continual boom in output. For that, cassava crop as basic farm produce, cash earner and calorie source vital to the nation's menu, ranks high in the popular imagination and economy considering its various derivatives from gari to fufu. In fact, many locals familiar with these derivatives know that cassava as a staple responsible for 80% of the nation's energy intake remains at the center of daily life in many Lower South communities along the South-South and Southeast zones where the produce features prominently on the daily menu. Said that, the primacy of Nigeria among the largest cassava producers globally is so obvious that her production capacity and land areas exceeds those of her competitors. Accordingly, in the last several years came unprecedented expansion and changes in several core land use indicators. Along these lines, the study area has seen widespread use of agrochemicals, rising prices, mounting threats to the ecosystem, proliferation of diseases and degradation coupled with volatility in farm commodity trade. This paradox is compounded by the underperformance of Nigeria's cassava industry globally compared to her competitors, knowing full well that much of the output comes from the study area. In the context of all these challenges and recent efforts by government and state agencies to stem the tide and boost efficiency, the study remains an upgrade to the literature. Yet, despite the storied relevance in the political economy of the Southern region, very little exists in the literature on the state of cassava production trends and land use across time, together with a lack of knowledge on dispersion patterns essential for decision-making and elements located within the agricultural structure. Hence, this study will fill that void in research by analyzing the state of cassava land use trends in Nigeria's Lower South with emphasis on the issues, trends, impacts, factors, efforts, and future lines of action. From the analysis, results point to changes in the form of gains and declines in many cassava land use indicators and threats to the surrounding ecology. Also, GIS mappings pinpointed a gradual diffusion in space where production, land use changes and fertilizer use held firm. With changes attributed to several socioeconomic , physical (environmental) factors, the paper proffered solutions ranging from education, monitoring, regular mapping using GIS and the design of regional cassava land resource information system.
This study investigates the potential impacts of a range of specific support measures on the envi... more This study investigates the potential impacts of a range of specific support measures on the environment, using farm and sector‐scale economic models, in a range of country settings. Market price support and payments based on unconstrained variable input use are found to be the most environmentally harmful among the various support policies assessed. In contrast, decoupled support payments based on noncurrent crop area are the least harmful. The impacts of support policies that directly change the competitiveness of one production activity in relation to another, such as payments based on current crop area or on animal numbers, are more equivocal.
In the face of uncertainties associated with conventional energy resources. Identifying the geogr... more In the face of uncertainties associated with conventional energy resources. Identifying the geographic dimensions of wind energy trends and the patterns has the potential to address some of the significant issues communities face. This is highly indispensible in order to ensure self-sufficiency in alternative and sustainable energy systems. This paper will focus on the analysis of geographic dimensions of wind energy use in selected areas of the Midwest region of the United States. The emphasis is on the issues and trends, factors shaping the adoption of wind energy and the impacts of usage. While the paper uses a mix scale method of descriptive statistics and Geographic information systems (GIS) to analyze the trends spatially. Preliminary results show growing use of wind power as an alternative source of energy all through 2002-2013 in the Mid-west. This is evident with the sizable capacity, installed and generated energy, rising potentials, and changing growth rates as well as ec...
American Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016
The Pacific coastal states continue to be at risk from both locally and distantly generated tsuna... more The Pacific coastal states continue to be at risk from both locally and distantly generated tsunamis. At a time of intense ecological uncertainties, regional assessment of tsunami hazards in the region is not only vital, but it offers opportunity in these areas to gauge the level of readiness needed in mitigating eventual disasters. While there is a growing anxiety to the next big seismic catastrophe in the Pacific Northwest states, very little has been done to adequately assess the vulnerability to future tsunamis. Accordingly, this research uses a mix-scale method of descriptive statistics technique connected to GIS and spatial images to evaluate the impending risks in the study area. The results point to widespread occurrence of earth quakes and the continual exposure of the region to the threats of potential tsunamis. The gravity of the risks is manifested by the relative prevalence and likelihood of underwater tremor in the area than other regions of the US. Additionally, the p...
This book is structured as a planning research tool. It offers an analysis of oil and gas depleti... more This book is structured as a planning research tool. It offers an analysis of oil and gas depletion as well as environmental damage costs in Canada and the United States. It also provides an analyses of the factors responsible for the changes from 1961 to 2000 using a national accounting approach anchored in multi-variate analysis and descriptive statistics connected to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. The major highlights of the book include literature reviews, conceptual dimensions, the profile of the study area with emphasis on oil and gas pollution and costs, the methodological section that describes many components including green accounting model for oil and gas as well as a GIS-based environmental impact assessment and the status of green accounting in both Canada and the United States. The results of the study reveal the occurrence of depletion, growing environmental costs, and the role of economic indicators of gross domestic product (GDP) and gross state pr...
Water resources use in the West African region plays an essential role in the daily lives of comm... more Water resources use in the West African region plays an essential role in the daily lives of communities. Being a region that spans across different ecozones, access to water and scarcity recurrence in some places are common. In the process, the extent of imbalance in the distribution patterns continues to fuel water insecurity and hydrological stress in the Sahel portion. This contrasts deeply with the abundance in the coastal lower South along the Gulf of Guinea. In as much as the current policy did little to ensure continual access in the zone over the years, water allotment across sectors like agriculture, industry and domestic households are on the uptick compared to the others. Even as access to potable water resources dropped in some places, meeting the stipulated global thresholds on water quality under the Millennium Development Agenda remains elusive in some of the nations. With that has come widespread pollution, degradation, depletion of the resource, limited rainfall, and the menace of drought. Hence, the problem is further compounded by several ecological (physical), and socioeconomic elements located within the larger regional hydrology. This includes the changing climatic parameters, ineffective policy, rising demands, and lack of monitoring. Notwithstanding these challenges, very little has been done in the literature to analyze the issues in water resources use across the study area using the mix scale model. For that, this paper will fill that void by focusing on the challenges in a select group of countries in West Africa. Emphasis is on the issues, trends, impacts, and factors. For the purposes of analysis, the paper uses mix scale methods connected to the techniques of GIS and descriptive statistics. In applying the techniques, the results show widespread use of water and changes, the appearance of degradation, pollution, and water stress due to a set of socioeconomic and physical elements. To remedy the situation, the paper proffered some solutions ranging from the education of the public on water use, the enactment of efficient policy, periodic monitoring, and the design of a regional water management information system.
The access to agricultural subsidies optimizes the daily operations of farms in North Texas. Bein... more The access to agricultural subsidies optimizes the daily operations of farms in North Texas. Being an essential policy instrument for ensuring the success of government-supported agricultural program objectives among targeted groups. Over the years, the disbursement of federal agricultural assisted programs continues to flourish with the intent of boosting capacity of supposedly needy farms. While much of the aids serve ample uses in sustaining solely farms involved in a few select commodities (cotton, wheat, corn, sorghum, peanuts), together with natural disaster payments and conservation reserve programs. There is little or no consideration for fruits, vegetables, and dairy products essential for healthy living as bigger farms benefit more. Added to that are the rising use of farm nutrients made up of various volumes of pesticides and agrochemicals to boost output despite the rising risks to marshlands and the surrounding ecosystems in North Texas and subsidy induced ground water depletion along the major Aquifer. Notwithstanding the recurrent ecological implications of subsidy disbursement in the agricultural sector, very little study exists on the environmental footprints in the North Texas region under mix-scale orientation using the latest geospatial tools as analytical devices. This research will fill that void by assessing the environmental impacts of agricultural subsidy in the study area with emphasis on the issues, trends, impacts and the underlying factors. Using secondary data processed by mix scale methods of descriptive statistics connected to Geographic information Systems (GIS). The results reveal large subsidy allotment from 1995-2020 for commodities, disaster mitigation and conservation coupled with land use change, loss of farms amidst rising fertilizer use and ecosystem impacts. While GIS mappings show spatial dispersion of the trends over time with visible concentration in the ten counties, the emergent issues stem partly from several socioeconomic , ecological, policy and global forces located within the larger agricultural structure. To address these concerns, the paper offered solutions ranging from the need for coherent policy, education, the design of a regional farm subsidy and environmental information system and ecological monitoring.
International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering
Cassava, as a staple in Nigeria, is not only commonly found and cultivated across many agro-ecolo... more Cassava, as a staple in Nigeria, is not only commonly found and cultivated across many agro-ecological zones. But it serves a variety of purposes as essential raw material for industries and export commodity. Even at that, and with cassava's external origins as a root crop introduced into the tropics. The physical conditions in Nigeria's Lower South axis have for years provided essential bio-geoclimatic parameters like temperature, soil and climate that enabled continual boom in output. For that, cassava crop as basic farm produce, cash earner and calorie source vital to the nation's menu, ranks high in the popular imagination and economy considering its various derivatives from gari to fufu. In fact, many locals familiar with these derivatives know that cassava as a staple responsible for 80% of the nation's energy intake remains at the center of daily life in many Lower South communities along the South-South and Southeast zones where the produce features prominently on the daily menu. Said that, the primacy of Nigeria among the largest cassava producers globally is so obvious that her production capacity and land areas exceeds those of her competitors. Accordingly, in the last several years came unprecedented expansion and changes in several core land use indicators. Along these lines, the study area has seen widespread use of agrochemicals, rising prices, mounting threats to the ecosystem, proliferation of diseases and degradation coupled with volatility in farm commodity trade. This paradox is compounded by the underperformance of Nigeria's cassava industry globally compared to her competitors, knowing full well that much of the output comes from the study area. In the context of all these challenges and recent efforts by government and state agencies to stem the tide and boost efficiency, the study remains an upgrade to the literature. Yet, despite the storied relevance in the political economy of the Southern region, very little exists in the literature on the state of cassava production trends and land use across time, together with a lack of knowledge on dispersion patterns essential for decision-making and elements located within the agricultural structure. Hence, this study will fill that void in research by analyzing the state of cassava land use trends in Nigeria's Lower South with emphasis on the issues, trends, impacts, factors, efforts, and future lines of action. From the analysis, results point to changes in the form of gains and declines in many cassava land use indicators and threats to the surrounding ecology. Also, GIS mappings pinpointed a gradual diffusion in space where production, land use changes and fertilizer use held firm. With changes attributed to several socioeconomic , physical (environmental) factors, the paper proffered solutions ranging from education, monitoring, regular mapping using GIS and the design of regional cassava land resource information system.
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