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<b>Objective: </b>The scoping review outlined in this protocol aims to identify the key characteristics and types of available evidence in the area of implementation and measurement of Internationalisation at Home... more
<b>Objective: </b>The scoping review outlined in this protocol aims to identify the key characteristics and types of available evidence in the area of implementation and measurement of Internationalisation at Home (IaH)/Internationalisation of the Curriculum (IoC) in Higher Education (HE) since 1999. <br><br><b>Introduction: </b>IaH/IoC has received increased attention during the last past few years, but despite that, many Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) find it challenging to implement it. The IaH/IoC indicators are often not included in the HEIs' monitoring/evaluating strategy, which complicates the assessment of the effectiveness of such an implementation.<br><b><br>Inclusion criteria:</b> Peer-reviewed or grey literature published in English or Swedish, from 1999 or after, and describing the implementation and/or measurement of IaH/IoC. Articles focusing on individual aspects of curricula will be excluded, as well as articles focused on educational settings other than higher education.<br><b><br>Methods:</b> The JBI methodology will be combined with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist, PRISMA-ScR (Tricco et al., 2018) to guide the execution of this scoping review. Literature searches will be performed based on the main concepts of the review. The following databases/platforms will be searched: Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science Core Collection (SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&amp;HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, ES), ERIC (ProQuest), Education Database (ProQuest), APA PsycInfo (ProQuest). A grey literature search plan following the Godin et al. (2015) search strategies will be implemented. Data extraction will be executed based on a pre-determined framework, and data will be analysed using both quantitative and qualitative methods.
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Prosthestics hedges as single strings for copy/paste from <i>Development and validation of a sensitive MEDLINE search strategy to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses.</i>
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Prosthestics hedges as single strings for copy/paste from <i>Development and validation of a MEDLINE search hedge to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses.</i>
Prosthestics hedges as single strings for copy/paste from <i>Development and validation of a MEDLINE search hedge to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses.</i>
Optimization of original hedge with NOT operator for <i>Development and validation of a MEDLINE search hedge to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses.</i>
Articles not indexed in MEDLINE (lacking PMID) for <i>Development and validation of a MEDLINE search hedge to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses.</i>
Search string utilized in PubMed database search during construction of gold standard for <i>Development and validation of a MEDLINE search hedge to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses.</i>
SSG search filter checklist proforma for <i>Development and validation of a MEDLINE search hedge to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses.</i>
The use of vibration as a feedback modality to convey motion of the body has been shown to improve measures of postural stability in some groups of patients. Because individuals using transtibial prostheses lack sensation distal to the... more
The use of vibration as a feedback modality to convey motion of the body has been shown to improve measures of postural stability in some groups of patients. Because individuals using transtibial prostheses lack sensation distal to the amputation, vibratory feedback could possibly be used to improve their postural stability. The current investigation provided transtibial prosthesis users (n = 24, mean age 48 yr) with vibratory feedback proportional to the signal received from force transducers located under the prosthetic foot. Postural stability was evaluated by measuring center of pressure (CoP) movement, limits of stability, and rhythmic weight shift while participants stood on a force platform capable of rotations in the pitch plane (toes up/toes down). The results showed that the vibratory feedback increased the mediolateral displacement amplitude of CoP in standing balance and reduced the response time to rapid voluntary movements of the center of gravity. The results suggest ...
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Individual search blocks of prosthetics hedges for <i>Development and validation of a sensitive MEDLINE search strategy to identify literature relevant to limb prostheses </i>
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The effects of liner thickness and suspension technique on knee joint proprioception in trans-tibial amputees
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Clinical guidelines for orthotic treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee : a review with a nordic perspective
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Instrumented motion analysis of trans-tibial prosthesis users : a systematic review of data capture and analysis techniques
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Differences in mobility for individuals using a non-microprocessor-controlled versus a microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee
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A limits of stability protocol utilizing measures of the center of mass and center of pressure in transtibial prosthesis users : learning effects and reliability
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PURPOSE The aim of this work was to qualitatively explore the personal perspectives of prosthetic and orthotic users, in the context of their past and present experiences and understand their insights for the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS... more
PURPOSE The aim of this work was to qualitatively explore the personal perspectives of prosthetic and orthotic users, in the context of their past and present experiences and understand their insights for the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS A narrative exploration study design, employing a phenomenological approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three female and two male prosthetic and orthotic users from Australia and the United Kingdom. Interviews were analysed, coded and key themes and sub-themes identified. RESULTS Three themes were identified. The Maximising Opportunity theme linked sub-themes of recreation and pushing boundaries. The Health Care Network theme included sub-themes of communication, peer support and building a team. The final theme, Changes over time, included sub-themes of disability perception, advice and advancements over time. CONCLUSION Prosthetic and orthotic users identified that there had been vast changes in disability perception,...
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The use of vibratory feedback to improve postural stability of individuals with transtibial amputation
BACKGROUNDWalking with a lower-limb prosthesis while performing a secondary task (dual-tasking) has been suggested to increase demand on attentional resources, negatively affecting balance and gait ...
The prosthesis and weight-bearing contributions on EMG response latency subsequent to rapid platform perturbation in transtibial prosthesis users
BACKGROUND Researchers and clinicians may find it challenging to identify relevant articles about limb prostheses in online databases. Searches may be improved by using standardized strategies, also known as filters or hedges. OBJECTIVES... more
BACKGROUND Researchers and clinicians may find it challenging to identify relevant articles about limb prostheses in online databases. Searches may be improved by using standardized strategies, also known as filters or hedges. OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a highly sensitive MEDLINE (EBSCOHost) search strategy for limb prostheses. STUDY DESIGN Search strategy development/validation. METHODS A gold standard (GS) list of peer-reviewed articles on the topic of limb prostheses was created using a relative recall method. This involved identifying and including relevant systematic reviews/meta-analyses and then adding articles that were included in the analysis section of these reviews. Possible terms for the search strategy were identified through brainstorming and exploration of medical subject headings in MEDLINE (MeSH) and standards from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Concepts were grouped using relevant Boolean operators (e.g. AND and OR) and database ...
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A longitudinal analysis of the relationships between postural control, falls efficacy and falling in unilateral transtibial prosthesis users
Introduction Walking with a prosthesis while performing secondary tasks increases demand on cognitive resources, compromising balance and gait. This study investigated effects of a secondary task on patterns of brain activity and... more
Introduction Walking with a prosthesis while performing secondary tasks increases demand on cognitive resources, compromising balance and gait. This study investigated effects of a secondary task on patterns of brain activity and temporospatial gait parameters in individuals using a prosthesis with or without a microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee(MPK) and controls. Methods A cross-sectional study with repeated measures was performed. Twenty-nine individuals with amputations and 16 controls were recruited. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to evaluate changes in oxygenated and de-oxygenated haemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex and temporospatial variables during single-and dual-task walking. Results Differences in brain activity were observed within the MPK-group and controls without changes in temporospatial parameters. The Trail-Walking test was associated with highest levels of brain activity in both groups. No differences were observed between single- and dual-...
Methods used to assess quiet standing in unilateral prosthesis users often assume validity of an inverted pendulum model despite this being shown as invalid in some instances. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the validity of a... more
Methods used to assess quiet standing in unilateral prosthesis users often assume validity of an inverted pendulum model despite this being shown as invalid in some instances. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the validity of a proposed unilaterally-constrained pin-controller model in explaining postural control in unilateral prosthesis users. Prosthesis users were contrasted against the theoretical model as were able-bodied controls that stood on a platform which unilaterally constrained movement of the CoP. All participants completed bouts of quiet standing with eyes open, eyes closed and with feedback on inter-limb weight bearing asymmetry. Correlation coefficients were used to infer inverted pendulum behavior in both the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions and were derived from both kinematic (body attached markers) and kinetic (centre of pressure) experimental data. Larger, negative correlation coefficients reflected better model adherence, whilst low or no c...
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ABSTRACT In 2017, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research implemented a project to develop curriculum guidelines for all health and social care programmes. The modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness method used by the group... more
ABSTRACT In 2017, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research implemented a project to develop curriculum guidelines for all health and social care programmes. The modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness method used by the group developing guidelines for programmes in prosthetics and orthotics is described. The method resulted in 126 learning outcomes that were condensed into 48, encompassed within eight competency areas. This number is greater than the number of learning outcomes found in most existing syllabi but comparable to those found in similar work carried out internationally. The article suggests that the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method is a suitable method to deploy in the development of curriculum guidelines.
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The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) recently published updated definitions for the diabetic foot field. However, the suggested definitions of lower limb amputations differ from the definitions of the International... more
The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) recently published updated definitions for the diabetic foot field. However, the suggested definitions of lower limb amputations differ from the definitions of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO), which may create problems when implementing the definitions. This paper compares and discusses the amputation definitions of IWGDF and ISO.
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Background: Walking with a prosthesis requires substantial concentration on behalf of the user and places increased demands on executive functions. Little is known of the effects that prosthetic knee joint prescription may have on... more
Background: Walking with a prosthesis requires substantial concentration on behalf of the user and places increased demands on executive functions. Little is known of the effects that prosthetic knee joint prescription may have on executive functioning. Objectives: Evaluate executive functioning in trans-femoral prosthesis users during single and dual-task walking, before and after they transition to a Microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee unit. Study Design: Multiple case-study design. Methods: Single and dual task gait was evaluated while recording cortical brain activity. Testing occasion 1 occurred prior to participants receiving their microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee, while testing occasion 2 was conducted a minimum of 8 months after they had been fitted with an microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee. Results: During single-task level walking and walking while performing a dual-task key finding test, executive functions, measured as the relative haemodynamic res...
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Introduction Conflicting evidence exists regarding the effects of knee orthoses on proprioception. One belief is that pressure applied by orthoses heightens kinesthetic awareness and that this affects balance. This study aimed to... more
Introduction Conflicting evidence exists regarding the effects of knee orthoses on proprioception. One belief is that pressure applied by orthoses heightens kinesthetic awareness and that this affects balance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two different orthosis designs on kinesthetic awareness and balance in healthy individuals. Methods Twenty individuals (13 women) participated in this case series study. Each was tested wearing 1/no orthosis, 2/soft elastic orthosis and 3/non-elastic jointed orthosis. Pressure under orthoses was recorded. Kinesthetic awareness was investigated by testing joint position sense and threshold to detection of passive motion. Balance was tested using a modified sensory organization test. Results Non-elastic jointed orthoses applied the greatest pressure to the knee. With non-elastic jointed orthoses, threshold to detection of passive motion was significantly poorer for pooled results ( p = 0.02) and when the start position of the knee w...
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Background: High-quality clinical practice guidelines are necessary for effective use of resources both at an individual patient- and national-level. Nordic clinical practice guidelines recommendations for orthotic treatment of knee... more
Background: High-quality clinical practice guidelines are necessary for effective use of resources both at an individual patient- and national-level. Nordic clinical practice guidelines recommendations for orthotic treatment of knee osteoarthritis vary and little is known about their quality. Objectives: The aim of the study was to critically evaluate the quality of clinical practice guidelines in orthotic management of knee osteoarthritis in the Nordic countries. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: Four national clinical practice guidelines for treatment of knee osteoarthritis were assessed for methodological rigour and transparency by four independent assessors using the AGREE II instrument. Summary domain scores and inter-rater agreement (Kendall’s W) were calculated. Results: Domain scores indicate that many guidelines have not sufficiently addressed stakeholder involvement (average score: 55%), applicability (20%) and editorial independence (33%) in the development proces...
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Background: Individuals using a lower-limb prosthesis indicate that they need to concentrate on every step they take. Despite self-reports of increased cognitive demand, there is limited understanding of the link between cognitive... more
Background: Individuals using a lower-limb prosthesis indicate that they need to concentrate on every step they take. Despite self-reports of increased cognitive demand, there is limited understanding of the link between cognitive processes and walking when using a lower-limb prosthesis. Objective: The objective was to assess cortical brain activity during level walking in individuals using different prosthetic knee components and compare them to healthy controls. It was hypothesized that the least activity would be observed in the healthy control group, followed by individuals using a microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee and finally individuals using a non-microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: An optical brain imaging system was used to measure relative changes in concentration of oxygenated and de-oxygenated haemoglobin in the frontal and motor cortices during level walking. The number of steps and time to walk 10 m was also ...
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... Can vibratory feedback be used to improve postural stability in persons with transtibial limb loss? Rusaw D., Hagberg K., Nolan L., Ramstrand N. Submitted ... Rusaw D., Hagberg K., Nolan L., Ramstrand N. In manuscript Page 6. ...
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BACKGROUND Often in balance assessment variables associated with the center of pressure are used to draw conclusions about an individual's balance. Validity of these conclusions rests upon assumptions that movement of the center of... more
BACKGROUND Often in balance assessment variables associated with the center of pressure are used to draw conclusions about an individual's balance. Validity of these conclusions rests upon assumptions that movement of the center of pressure is inter-dependent on movement of the center of mass. This dependency is mechanical and is referred to as the Inverted Pendulum Model. The following study aimed to validate this model both kinematically and kinetically, in transtibial prosthesis users and a control group. METHODS Prosthesis users (n=6) and matched control participants (n=6) stood quietly while force and motion data were collected under three conditions (eyes-open, eyes-closed, and weight-bearing feedback). Correlation coefficients were used to investigate the relationships between height and excursion of markers and center of masses in mediolateral/anteroposterior-directions, difference between center of pressure and center of mass and the center of mass acceleration in mediolateral/anteroposterior directions, magnitude of mediolateral/anteroposterior-component forces and center of mass acceleration, angular position of ankle and excursion in mediolateral/anteroposterior-directions, and integrated force signals. FINDINGS Results indicate kinematic validity of similar magnitudes (mean (SD) marker-displacement) between prosthesis users and control group for mediolateral- (r=0.77 (0.17); 0.74 (0.19)) and anteroposterior-directions (r=0.88 (0.18); 0.88 (0.19)). Correlation between difference of center of pressure and center of mass and the center of mass acceleration was negligible on the prosthetic side (r = 0.08 (0.06)) vs. control group (r=-0.51(0.13)). INTERPRETATION Results indicate kinematic validity of the Inverted Pendulum Model in transtibial prosthesis users but kinetic validity is questionable, particularly on the side with a prosthesis.
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Background: Three-dimensional motion analysis has been used since the beginning of the 1980s to evaluate many aspects of physical function of transtibial amputees. Despite its common use for clinical research, there is large variability... more
Background: Three-dimensional motion analysis has been used since the beginning of the 1980s to evaluate many aspects of physical function of transtibial amputees. Despite its common use for clinical research, there is large variability in methods of capturing three-dimensional data, description of these methods, reporting of joint kinematics and interpretation of research findings. Objectives: The aim of the following review is to critically examine the specific methodologies used by researchers when collecting three-dimensional kinematic data on transtibial amputees and to provide an overview of the methods used. Study design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic review of the literature between January 1984 and June 2009 was conducted. A total of 68 papers were identified for review based on the following criteria: experimental research design, collection of three-dimensional kinematic data of lower-extremity joints, and inclusion of transtibial amputees as experimental subje...
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This study aimed to investigate if prolonged use of shoes incorporating an unstable sole construction could facilitate improvements of balance in a sample of developmentally disabled children. Ten children (six male and four female) aged... more
This study aimed to investigate if prolonged use of shoes incorporating an unstable sole construction could facilitate improvements of balance in a sample of developmentally disabled children. Ten children (six male and four female) aged between 10 and 17 years participated in the study. Children were fitted with shoes incorporating an unstable sole (Masai Barefoot Technology®) and instructed to wear them for a minimum of two hours per day for eight weeks. A within subjects repeated measures design was used. Children were tested prior to receiving the shoes, four weeks after receiving the shoes and eight weeks after receiving the shoes. A force plate capable of rotating about a single axis (NeuroCom International Inc, Oregon) was used to test static balance, reactive balance and directional control. Static balance was not found to be influenced by prolonged use of the footwear; however, significant improvements were noted in children's reactive balance both with the shoes and ba...