The need for drugs that help in relieving pains and minor health disorders like headache, cough a... more The need for drugs that help in relieving pains and minor health disorders like headache, cough and cold cannot be underestimated but these drugs are easily gotten at ever drug shop and has become very common that its easily gotten. In all these only a little number of people wonder to find out how these drugs work. this is then the rational for this work to bring together some scattered knowledge of the common drug paracetamol for a better understanding of the way it works in the body.
Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences , 2024
Nanoparticles exhibit distinct physical and chemical characteristics and are becoming increasingl... more Nanoparticles exhibit distinct physical and chemical characteristics and are becoming increasingly significant in the production of innovative nanodevices for many applications in physics, biology, biomedicine, and pharmaceuticals. The aim of this research work is to synthesize Fe (II) and Cu (II) nano-sized complexes of trimethoprim (TMP) using the sonication method, characterize them using physical and spectroscopic methods, and carry out ADMET studies on the synthesized complexes. The spectroscopic and physical studies showed a change in colour and an increase in melting point due to coordination. The novel compounds were slightly soluble in water. The XRD tests revealed that the new nanocomplexes were crystalline. The Fe (II) nanocomplexes had a size of 57.56 nm and the Cu (II) nanocomplexes had a size of 69.88 nm. These values were found using Debye-Scherrer's equation. The FTIR results of the TMP, Fe (II), and Cu (II) nanometal complexes showed a shift of the amino group band from 3317 to 3295 and 3202 cm −1 and the azomethine band from 1633 to 1625 and 1592 cm −1 in the complexes. In the complexes, the proton NMR spectra revealed an upfield shift of the amine proton. The carbon-13 NMR spectra showed that CH 2 was involved in coordination with the metal ions. The spectra studies indicated that TMP coordinated with the metal ions through the methylene and amino groups. A trigonal bipyramid structure was proposed for the complexes. The results of the Rule of 5 studies indicated that the test compounds had a good drug-likeness prediction, with only one violation. The ADMET prediction showed that all of the compounds demonstrated improved pharmacokinetic characteristics and adhered to the RO5 requirement. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Fe (II) and Cu (II) nano-sized TMP complexes as bioactive compounds that warrant further investigation for pharmaceutical applications.
Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences, 2024
Nanoparticle drug delivery systems are precisely designed technologies that utilize nanoparticles... more Nanoparticle drug delivery systems are precisely designed technologies that utilize nanoparticles to deliver therapeutic drugs to specific targets and regulate their release. In recent times, nanoparticles have garnered significant interest owing to their potential for efficient drug delivery. This work is aimed at synthesizing Fe(II) and Cu(II) nano-sized complexes of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) using the sonication method. The physical and spectroscopic studies showed a colour change from white to grey, and a decrease in melting points suggested the formation of the metal complexes. The nanometal complexes were insoluble in water. XRD analysis showed that the crystallite sizes of Fe(II) and Cu(II) nanometal complexes were determined to be 76.08 nm and 37.13 nm, respectively, using the Debye-Scherrer equation. The FTIR results of the SMX, Fe(II), and Cu(II) nanometal complexes showed a shift of the amine band from 3243 to 3191 cm −1 and the sulfone band from 1154 to 1092 cm −1 in both complexes. The proton NMR showed a shift of the amine proton from 6.100 ppm to 6.035 ppm in the spectra of the Cu(II) complex. The amine chemical shift was absent in the spectra of the Fe(II) complex, showing deprotonation. The carbon-13 NMR spectra showed a similar chemical shift. The spectra studies indicated that SMX coordinated with the metal ions through the amino and sulfone groups. A tetrahedral structure was proposed for the complexes. SMX coordinated as a bidentate ligand to Fe(II) and Cu(II) ions.
Ascorbic acid is one of the natural antioxidant present in biological systems. It has even been c... more Ascorbic acid is one of the natural antioxidant present in biological systems. It has even been called " the most important antioxidant in human plasma " because of its reactivity of attacking the free radicals and other reactive oxygen species.Cu(II)ascorbate was synthesized through the reaction of ascorbic acid with of cupric acetate. The yield, melting point and solubility of the complex was determined. The complex was characterized by UV-Visible, Infrared, 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The solubility parameter suggested that the complex is mildly polar. Spectroscopic characterization suggested the involvement of the carbonyl, two deprotonated hydroxyl and one hydroxyl group of ascorbic acid in coordination with copper ion to. A tetrahedral geometry was proposed for the Cu(II)ascorbate complex based on the spectroscopic studies. Ascorbic acid behaved as a tetradentate ligand.
It is already an established fact that the field of medicine is always the most sought for discip... more It is already an established fact that the field of medicine is always the most sought for discipline at the higher institutions, but some of us who by chance found ourselves in the wonderful world of chemistry needed to see and understand that we are still at our dream discipline.This work points out the meaning of development and medicinal chemistry, the need for the development in medicinal chemistry, the identity of a chemist in a pharmaceutical firm and then the things that we can do for the formation of new medicinal products/drugs.
The need for drugs that help in relieving pains and minor health disorders like headache, cough a... more The need for drugs that help in relieving pains and minor health disorders like headache, cough and cold cannot be underestimated but these drugs are easily gotten at ever drug shop and has become very common that its easily gotten. In all these only a little number of people wonder to find out how these drugs work. this is then the rational for this work to bring together some scattered knowledge of the common drug paracetamol for a better understanding of the way it works in the body.
Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences , 2024
Nanoparticles exhibit distinct physical and chemical characteristics and are becoming increasingl... more Nanoparticles exhibit distinct physical and chemical characteristics and are becoming increasingly significant in the production of innovative nanodevices for many applications in physics, biology, biomedicine, and pharmaceuticals. The aim of this research work is to synthesize Fe (II) and Cu (II) nano-sized complexes of trimethoprim (TMP) using the sonication method, characterize them using physical and spectroscopic methods, and carry out ADMET studies on the synthesized complexes. The spectroscopic and physical studies showed a change in colour and an increase in melting point due to coordination. The novel compounds were slightly soluble in water. The XRD tests revealed that the new nanocomplexes were crystalline. The Fe (II) nanocomplexes had a size of 57.56 nm and the Cu (II) nanocomplexes had a size of 69.88 nm. These values were found using Debye-Scherrer's equation. The FTIR results of the TMP, Fe (II), and Cu (II) nanometal complexes showed a shift of the amino group band from 3317 to 3295 and 3202 cm −1 and the azomethine band from 1633 to 1625 and 1592 cm −1 in the complexes. In the complexes, the proton NMR spectra revealed an upfield shift of the amine proton. The carbon-13 NMR spectra showed that CH 2 was involved in coordination with the metal ions. The spectra studies indicated that TMP coordinated with the metal ions through the methylene and amino groups. A trigonal bipyramid structure was proposed for the complexes. The results of the Rule of 5 studies indicated that the test compounds had a good drug-likeness prediction, with only one violation. The ADMET prediction showed that all of the compounds demonstrated improved pharmacokinetic characteristics and adhered to the RO5 requirement. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Fe (II) and Cu (II) nano-sized TMP complexes as bioactive compounds that warrant further investigation for pharmaceutical applications.
Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences, 2024
Nanoparticle drug delivery systems are precisely designed technologies that utilize nanoparticles... more Nanoparticle drug delivery systems are precisely designed technologies that utilize nanoparticles to deliver therapeutic drugs to specific targets and regulate their release. In recent times, nanoparticles have garnered significant interest owing to their potential for efficient drug delivery. This work is aimed at synthesizing Fe(II) and Cu(II) nano-sized complexes of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) using the sonication method. The physical and spectroscopic studies showed a colour change from white to grey, and a decrease in melting points suggested the formation of the metal complexes. The nanometal complexes were insoluble in water. XRD analysis showed that the crystallite sizes of Fe(II) and Cu(II) nanometal complexes were determined to be 76.08 nm and 37.13 nm, respectively, using the Debye-Scherrer equation. The FTIR results of the SMX, Fe(II), and Cu(II) nanometal complexes showed a shift of the amine band from 3243 to 3191 cm −1 and the sulfone band from 1154 to 1092 cm −1 in both complexes. The proton NMR showed a shift of the amine proton from 6.100 ppm to 6.035 ppm in the spectra of the Cu(II) complex. The amine chemical shift was absent in the spectra of the Fe(II) complex, showing deprotonation. The carbon-13 NMR spectra showed a similar chemical shift. The spectra studies indicated that SMX coordinated with the metal ions through the amino and sulfone groups. A tetrahedral structure was proposed for the complexes. SMX coordinated as a bidentate ligand to Fe(II) and Cu(II) ions.
Ascorbic acid is one of the natural antioxidant present in biological systems. It has even been c... more Ascorbic acid is one of the natural antioxidant present in biological systems. It has even been called " the most important antioxidant in human plasma " because of its reactivity of attacking the free radicals and other reactive oxygen species.Cu(II)ascorbate was synthesized through the reaction of ascorbic acid with of cupric acetate. The yield, melting point and solubility of the complex was determined. The complex was characterized by UV-Visible, Infrared, 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The solubility parameter suggested that the complex is mildly polar. Spectroscopic characterization suggested the involvement of the carbonyl, two deprotonated hydroxyl and one hydroxyl group of ascorbic acid in coordination with copper ion to. A tetrahedral geometry was proposed for the Cu(II)ascorbate complex based on the spectroscopic studies. Ascorbic acid behaved as a tetradentate ligand.
It is already an established fact that the field of medicine is always the most sought for discip... more It is already an established fact that the field of medicine is always the most sought for discipline at the higher institutions, but some of us who by chance found ourselves in the wonderful world of chemistry needed to see and understand that we are still at our dream discipline.This work points out the meaning of development and medicinal chemistry, the need for the development in medicinal chemistry, the identity of a chemist in a pharmaceutical firm and then the things that we can do for the formation of new medicinal products/drugs.
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