In four 1450-ha landscapes of differently aged coastal western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) fores... more In four 1450-ha landscapes of differently aged coastal western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) forests on Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada), sites and elements used by pileated woodpeckers for foraging were examined. Snags and defective trees (decayed or damaged) used for foraging (n = 94) were larger, more decayed, and had less bark remaining than those not used; also, more were in the upper and main canopy strata (n = 587). Pileated woodpeckers foraged on sites (n = 23) where there was greater basal area of snags and defective trees, more coarse woody debris, and more western red cedar (Thuja plicata) than sites that were not used (n = 36). Logs used for foraging (n = 27) were larger, longer and less decayed than unused logs (n = 360). The reduction of remnants of old forests and their structures could have negative consequences for pileated woodpecker, particularly where heavy rainfall or deep snow limit prey availability. Foraging habitat must be provided in managed forests.
Cavity trees and cavity patches (areas around cavity trees) used by pileated woodpeckers were loc... more Cavity trees and cavity patches (areas around cavity trees) used by pileated woodpeckers were located in Coastal Western Hemlock and Coastal Douglas-fir forest types on southeastern Vancouver Island during 1996 and 1997. Trees with active nests and with apparent pileated cavities (n 1⁄4 28) were larger than trees without cavities (n 1⁄4 200). Of the seven confirmed nest trees, three were grand fir (Abies grandis), two were Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and two were red alder (Alnus rubra). These nest trees had a mean diameter at breast height (dbh) of 82 cm ( 16 S.E.), a mean height of 22.0 m ( 5.2 S.E.), and 91% ( 9 S.E.) of their bark remaining. Compared to non-cavity patches (n 1⁄4 58), patches with nests or apparent pileated cavities (n 1⁄4 18) were significantly lower in elevation and greater proportions were in the oldest successional stages, in mature and old forest structural stages, and in moderately disturbed areas. The proportion in young forests, however, was not d...
In four 1450-ha landscapes of differently aged coastal western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) fores... more In four 1450-ha landscapes of differently aged coastal western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) forests on Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada), sites and elements used by pileated woodpeckers for foraging were examined. Snags and defective trees (decayed or damaged) used for foraging (n = 94) were larger, more decayed, and had less bark remaining than those not used; also, more were in the upper and main canopy strata (n = 587). Pileated woodpeckers foraged on sites (n = 23) where there was greater basal area of snags and defective trees, more coarse woody debris, and more western red cedar (Thuja plicata) than sites that were not used (n = 36). Logs used for foraging (n = 27) were larger, longer and less decayed than unused logs (n = 360). The reduction of remnants of old forests and their structures could have negative consequences for pileated woodpecker, particularly where heavy rainfall or deep snow limit prey availability. Foraging habitat must be provided in managed forests.
Cavity trees and cavity patches (areas around cavity trees) used by pileated woodpeckers were loc... more Cavity trees and cavity patches (areas around cavity trees) used by pileated woodpeckers were located in Coastal Western Hemlock and Coastal Douglas-fir forest types on southeastern Vancouver Island during 1996 and 1997. Trees with active nests and with apparent pileated cavities (n 1⁄4 28) were larger than trees without cavities (n 1⁄4 200). Of the seven confirmed nest trees, three were grand fir (Abies grandis), two were Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and two were red alder (Alnus rubra). These nest trees had a mean diameter at breast height (dbh) of 82 cm ( 16 S.E.), a mean height of 22.0 m ( 5.2 S.E.), and 91% ( 9 S.E.) of their bark remaining. Compared to non-cavity patches (n 1⁄4 58), patches with nests or apparent pileated cavities (n 1⁄4 18) were significantly lower in elevation and greater proportions were in the oldest successional stages, in mature and old forest structural stages, and in moderately disturbed areas. The proportion in young forests, however, was not d...
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