Healthy Sustainable Communities: Key Elements of the Spatial Planning System by Ben Cave and Pete... more Healthy Sustainable Communities: Key Elements of the Spatial Planning System by Ben Cave and Peter Molyneux in 2004. Delivering sustainable communities requires NHS organisations to develop joint approaches with local and regional government and to work across traditional organisational boundaries. Tackling deprivation and social exclusion requires coordination and the seamless integration of the planning, commissioning and delivery of new services and infrastructure. This summary of key elements of the planning system is designed to support all those involved in the growth areas and outlines the different stages of the planning process identifying opportunities to get involved.
Environment and Planning C-government and Policy, Aug 1, 2002
An important issue for the geography of health in urban areas concerns how urban change arising f... more An important issue for the geography of health in urban areas concerns how urban change arising from renewal of inner-city areas relates to health of urban populations. In this paper we examine ways in which urban regeneration schemes in Britain are attempting to incorporate consideration of health impact into their planning and development. It concentrates especially on diverse ways that different stakeholders perceive the outcomes of these schemes and the significance for health. The paper is based on two case studies of urban development projects, focusing on housing improvement and training for unemployed people, in a London borough where levels of deprivation are high and various forms of social exclusion affect large numbers of people. The methods used aimed to represent the views of different types of stakeholders, by means of interviews and focus groups with a range of stakeholders in these schemes. Health impact assessment needs to be evidence based. We discuss the evidence for potential health impact of regeneration projects through effects on housing and employment as determinants of health. We focus especially on the ways in which this evidence can be viewed and used by different stakeholders, and how far their perceptions seemed to match with research findings from public health. We consider the potential and the limitations for health improvement associated with urban regeneration in view of the case studies presented here.
We report here on the development of a practical guide for health impact assessment (HIA) of urba... more We report here on the development of a practical guide for health impact assessment (HIA) of urban regeneration schemes which sets out an approach to rapid prospective HIA. We provide a succinct account of our approach, illustrated by two case studies in East London, and discuss how the process of HIA must be adapted to different types of regeneration projects. The case studies are described in more detail in Cave and Curtis (2001). In this paper we focus on how the HIA process was adapted to suit different types of regeneration programmes.
ABSTRACT This study examines whether there is active planning for health improvement in the Engli... more ABSTRACT This study examines whether there is active planning for health improvement in the English spatial planning system and how this varies across two regions using a combination of telephone surveys and focus group interviews in 2005 and 2010. The spatial planning profession was found to be ill-equipped to consider the health and well-being implications of its actions, whilst health professionals are rarely engaged and have limited understanding and aspirations when it comes to influencing spatial planning. Strategic Environmental Assessment was not considered to be successful in integrating health into spatial plans, given it was the responsibility of planners lacking the capacity to do so. For their part, health professionals have insufficient knowledge and understanding of planning and how to engage with it to be able to plan for health gains rather than simply respond to health impacts. HIA practice is patchy and generally undertaken by health professionals outside the statutory planning framework. Thus, whilst appropriate assessment tools exist, they currently lack a coherent context within which they can function effectively and the implementation of the Kiev protocol requiring the engagement of health professionals in SEA is not to likely improve the consideration of health in planning while there continues to be separation of functions between professions and lack of understanding of the other profession.
This chapter will describe why health needs assessment (HNA) is important and what it means in pr... more This chapter will describe why health needs assessment (HNA) is important and what it means in practice. Professional training and clinical experience teaches that a health professional must systematically assess a patient before administering any treatment that is believed to be effective. This systematic approach is often omitted when assessing the health needs of populations.
EIA is an obligation for many projects in many countries. Consideration of human health within EI... more EIA is an obligation for many projects in many countries. Consideration of human health within EIA is also an obligation. This results in an invaluable opportunity for early consideration of a variety of environmental health determinants, leading to minimization of noxious exposures and promotion of the salutogenic factors involved in plans and projects in many sectors. In other words, EIA can be an extremely powerful vehicle to scaling up primary prevention - by far the most effective strategy in public health. This opportunity is further enriched by the recent revision of the EU Directive on EIA, which makes better provision for human health considerations in EIA, in particular referring to the need to address “significant” health effects of plans and projects - without elaborating further. The health sector can play a key role in EIA by: recognizing the opportunity and its potential, so far under-exploited; engage in dialogue with other sectors, on specific applications; make ins...
Designed like a comic book, it explains in simple terms, that by working together, those in healt... more Designed like a comic book, it explains in simple terms, that by working together, those in health and planning can create healthier and more sustainable neighbourhoods, with people at the heart of their success.
By reading this chapter, you will become familiar with: the definition and purpose of health impa... more By reading this chapter, you will become familiar with: the definition and purpose of health impact assessment (HIA); concepts and values that underpin?HIA; the stages of an HIA process; methods used in?HIA; experiences of?HIA.
Healthy Sustainable Communities: What Works? commissioned by Milton Keynes South Midlands Health ... more Healthy Sustainable Communities: What Works? commissioned by Milton Keynes South Midlands Health and Social Care Group (MKSM) in 2004. This review is designed to support all those involved in the growth areas to ensure that proposed changes in land use are sustainable and health promoting. Overall MKSM wants to create places where people want to live and work. This document provides a background for issues which need to be explored at the different stages of the planning process and particularly at the pre-application stage.
This is the first of three volumes looking at health impact assessment and regeneration: this vol... more This is the first of three volumes looking at health impact assessment and regeneration: this volume provides practical examples to guide organisations through an HIA; Volume II (source 1) provides an evidence base to focus discussion around the likely health effects of projects and Volume III (source 2) looks at the principle behind urban regeneration, health change and HIA. Health impact assessment for regeneration projects. Volume I: A Practical Guide.
Healthy Sustainable Communities: Key Elements of the Spatial Planning System by Ben Cave and Pete... more Healthy Sustainable Communities: Key Elements of the Spatial Planning System by Ben Cave and Peter Molyneux in 2004. Delivering sustainable communities requires NHS organisations to develop joint approaches with local and regional government and to work across traditional organisational boundaries. Tackling deprivation and social exclusion requires coordination and the seamless integration of the planning, commissioning and delivery of new services and infrastructure. This summary of key elements of the planning system is designed to support all those involved in the growth areas and outlines the different stages of the planning process identifying opportunities to get involved.
Environment and Planning C-government and Policy, Aug 1, 2002
An important issue for the geography of health in urban areas concerns how urban change arising f... more An important issue for the geography of health in urban areas concerns how urban change arising from renewal of inner-city areas relates to health of urban populations. In this paper we examine ways in which urban regeneration schemes in Britain are attempting to incorporate consideration of health impact into their planning and development. It concentrates especially on diverse ways that different stakeholders perceive the outcomes of these schemes and the significance for health. The paper is based on two case studies of urban development projects, focusing on housing improvement and training for unemployed people, in a London borough where levels of deprivation are high and various forms of social exclusion affect large numbers of people. The methods used aimed to represent the views of different types of stakeholders, by means of interviews and focus groups with a range of stakeholders in these schemes. Health impact assessment needs to be evidence based. We discuss the evidence for potential health impact of regeneration projects through effects on housing and employment as determinants of health. We focus especially on the ways in which this evidence can be viewed and used by different stakeholders, and how far their perceptions seemed to match with research findings from public health. We consider the potential and the limitations for health improvement associated with urban regeneration in view of the case studies presented here.
We report here on the development of a practical guide for health impact assessment (HIA) of urba... more We report here on the development of a practical guide for health impact assessment (HIA) of urban regeneration schemes which sets out an approach to rapid prospective HIA. We provide a succinct account of our approach, illustrated by two case studies in East London, and discuss how the process of HIA must be adapted to different types of regeneration projects. The case studies are described in more detail in Cave and Curtis (2001). In this paper we focus on how the HIA process was adapted to suit different types of regeneration programmes.
ABSTRACT This study examines whether there is active planning for health improvement in the Engli... more ABSTRACT This study examines whether there is active planning for health improvement in the English spatial planning system and how this varies across two regions using a combination of telephone surveys and focus group interviews in 2005 and 2010. The spatial planning profession was found to be ill-equipped to consider the health and well-being implications of its actions, whilst health professionals are rarely engaged and have limited understanding and aspirations when it comes to influencing spatial planning. Strategic Environmental Assessment was not considered to be successful in integrating health into spatial plans, given it was the responsibility of planners lacking the capacity to do so. For their part, health professionals have insufficient knowledge and understanding of planning and how to engage with it to be able to plan for health gains rather than simply respond to health impacts. HIA practice is patchy and generally undertaken by health professionals outside the statutory planning framework. Thus, whilst appropriate assessment tools exist, they currently lack a coherent context within which they can function effectively and the implementation of the Kiev protocol requiring the engagement of health professionals in SEA is not to likely improve the consideration of health in planning while there continues to be separation of functions between professions and lack of understanding of the other profession.
This chapter will describe why health needs assessment (HNA) is important and what it means in pr... more This chapter will describe why health needs assessment (HNA) is important and what it means in practice. Professional training and clinical experience teaches that a health professional must systematically assess a patient before administering any treatment that is believed to be effective. This systematic approach is often omitted when assessing the health needs of populations.
EIA is an obligation for many projects in many countries. Consideration of human health within EI... more EIA is an obligation for many projects in many countries. Consideration of human health within EIA is also an obligation. This results in an invaluable opportunity for early consideration of a variety of environmental health determinants, leading to minimization of noxious exposures and promotion of the salutogenic factors involved in plans and projects in many sectors. In other words, EIA can be an extremely powerful vehicle to scaling up primary prevention - by far the most effective strategy in public health. This opportunity is further enriched by the recent revision of the EU Directive on EIA, which makes better provision for human health considerations in EIA, in particular referring to the need to address “significant” health effects of plans and projects - without elaborating further. The health sector can play a key role in EIA by: recognizing the opportunity and its potential, so far under-exploited; engage in dialogue with other sectors, on specific applications; make ins...
Designed like a comic book, it explains in simple terms, that by working together, those in healt... more Designed like a comic book, it explains in simple terms, that by working together, those in health and planning can create healthier and more sustainable neighbourhoods, with people at the heart of their success.
By reading this chapter, you will become familiar with: the definition and purpose of health impa... more By reading this chapter, you will become familiar with: the definition and purpose of health impact assessment (HIA); concepts and values that underpin?HIA; the stages of an HIA process; methods used in?HIA; experiences of?HIA.
Healthy Sustainable Communities: What Works? commissioned by Milton Keynes South Midlands Health ... more Healthy Sustainable Communities: What Works? commissioned by Milton Keynes South Midlands Health and Social Care Group (MKSM) in 2004. This review is designed to support all those involved in the growth areas to ensure that proposed changes in land use are sustainable and health promoting. Overall MKSM wants to create places where people want to live and work. This document provides a background for issues which need to be explored at the different stages of the planning process and particularly at the pre-application stage.
This is the first of three volumes looking at health impact assessment and regeneration: this vol... more This is the first of three volumes looking at health impact assessment and regeneration: this volume provides practical examples to guide organisations through an HIA; Volume II (source 1) provides an evidence base to focus discussion around the likely health effects of projects and Volume III (source 2) looks at the principle behind urban regeneration, health change and HIA. Health impact assessment for regeneration projects. Volume I: A Practical Guide.
A reference paper on human health in environmental impact assessment (EIA). The European Union (E... more A reference paper on human health in environmental impact assessment (EIA). The European Union (EU) Directive 2011/92/EU as amended by 2014/52/EU requires EIA to consider the likely significant effects of a project on human health. Recital 41 states that the objective of EIA is to ensure a high level of protection of the environment and of human health. The International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) and the European Public Health Association (EUPHA) have worked together on a reference paper to better address human health in EIA. This provides health authorities with a guide to the EIA Directive to assist in navigating the EIA process. It establishes basic definitions and common principles for health in EIA, it sets out ways in which the health sector can contribute to this regulatory requirement and it complements existing guidance. It is a contribution to sustainable development and to ensuring a high level of protection of human health. Health in EIA supports One Health and the Green Recovery.
A reference paper is a formal document that provides additional content which is relevant to existing commitments. Whilst this reference paper is structured around compliance with the EU EIA Directive, the principles and approaches have broad application to health in impact assessment globally. The reference paper was consulted upon and peer reviewed.
A growing body of evidence indicates that many factors outside the traditional health field affec... more A growing body of evidence indicates that many factors outside the traditional health field affect public health. The idea that our health is determined only by our own behavior, choices, and genetics is no longer tenable. Many now recognize that substantial improvements in public health will occur only by ensuring that health considerations are factored into projects, programs, plans, and policies in non-health-related sectors, such as transportation, housing, agriculture, and education.
Health impact assessment (HIA) is a tool that can help decision-makers identify the public-health consequences of proposals that potentially affect health. Because of the potential that HIA offers to improve public health, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the California Endowment, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention asked the National Research Council to develop a framework, terminology, and guidance for conducting HIA.
In this report, the Committee on Health Impact Assessment discusses the need for health-informed decision-making and policies and reviews the current practice of HIA. The committee provides a definition, framework, and criteria for HIA; discusses issues in and challenges to the development and practice of HIA; and closes with a discussion on structures and policies for promoting HIA. The committee notes that the framework provided in this report is not a reinvention of the field but a synthesis of guidance provided in other documents and publications. Thus, the reader will find many similarities between the committee’s descriptions and characterizations and those of other guides.
Slides from a presentation given at the 33rd Annual Conference of theInternational Association f... more Slides from a presentation given at the 33rd Annual Conference of theInternational Association for Impact Assessment. Reflections on health equity and Health Impact Assessment
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A reference paper is a formal document that provides additional content which is relevant to existing commitments. Whilst this reference paper is structured around compliance with the EU EIA Directive, the principles and approaches have broad application to health in impact assessment globally. The reference paper was consulted upon and peer reviewed.
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ISBN: 978-0-9800351-4-8
Health impact assessment (HIA) is a tool that can help decision-makers identify the public-health consequences of proposals that potentially affect health. Because of the potential that HIA offers to improve public health, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the California Endowment, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention asked the National Research Council to develop a framework, terminology, and guidance for conducting HIA.
In this report, the Committee on Health Impact Assessment discusses the need for health-informed decision-making and policies and reviews the current practice of HIA. The committee provides a definition, framework, and criteria for HIA; discusses issues in and challenges to the development and practice of HIA; and closes with a discussion on structures and policies for promoting HIA. The committee notes that the framework provided in this report is not a reinvention of the field but a synthesis of guidance provided in other documents and publications. Thus, the reader will find many similarities between the committee’s descriptions and characterizations and those of other guides.