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This work was carried out at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory from the Instituto de Investigaciones en Viandas Tropicales (INIVIT) in order to determine the culture medium for the multiplication of hybrid 'FHIA–21' (AAAB) in... more
This work was carried out at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory from the Instituto de Investigaciones en Viandas Tropicales (INIVIT) in order to determine the culture medium for the multiplication of hybrid 'FHIA–21' (AAAB) in Temporary Immersion Systems. Different combinations of growth regulators and growth inhibitors (6-BAP, IAA and PBZ) were studied. Results permitted to determinate the effect of 6-benzil-amino-purine (6-BAP), Indol Acetic Acid (AIA) and Paclobutrazol (PBZ) for multiplication of hybrid 'FHIA–21' (AAAB) in the Temporary Immersion System, which involved supplemented MS salts with 2.0 mg.l-1 6-BAP; 0.65 mg.l-1 IAA and 10.0 mg.l-1 ascorbic acid; as well as, 1.0 mg.l-1 paclobutrazol. A decrease of unnecessary growing of shoots and leaves from sprouts in the multiplication phase and a greater sprout number per inoculated explant without multibuds and hyperhydricity were achieved. The Temporary Immersion System allowed to increase the number of axillary sprouts by micropropagation of hybrid ´FHIA-21´ (AAAB) and a higher quality of in vitro plants. Key words: multiplication coefficient, micropropagation, paclobutrazol
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Plant tissue culture constitutes an alternative for germplasm conservation in case of vegetatively propagated species. This approach permits to maintain collections in small places free from attach of diseases and catastrophes. Eleven... more
Plant tissue culture constitutes an alternative for germplasm conservation in case of vegetatively propagated species. This approach permits to maintain collections in small places free from attach of diseases and catastrophes. Eleven variants from MS culture media were tested. Variants consist of different sucrose (20, 30 and 40 g.l-1) and manitol (0, 10, 20 y 30 g.l-1) concentrations in order to decrease the subculture number in the in vitro storage of 'Señorita' and 'CEMSA 74-725' clones. Evaluations were carried out nine months after in vitro implantation based on: height (cm), internode number by plant, number of active leave, number of active roots and surviving percentage. After storage, explants were incubated for recovery in the described culture medium for in vitro cassava growing. A culture medium with the addition of 40 g.l-1 sucrose, 0.02 mg.l-1 BAP, 0.1 mg.l-1 de GA3 and 0.01 mg.l-1 ANA is recommended. Key Words: Manihot esculenta, micropropagation, gen...
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The use of shoots apexes from axilary buds for callus induction with embryogenic structures in plantain ‘Navolean’ (Group AAB) permitted to develop a plant regeneration method through out somatic embryogenesis. In order to know the... more
The use of shoots apexes from axilary buds for callus induction with embryogenic structures in plantain ‘Navolean’ (Group AAB) permitted to develop a plant regeneration method through out somatic embryogenesis. In order to know the phenotypic variants that may be produced with the previously mentioned method , 1000 plants were planted in field conditions in comparison to those coming from somatic embryos obtained from multibuds as initial explants and organogenesis-derived plants (shoot tips)and conventionally derived plants (corms), during two growing cycles. The main morphological characters and yield components were evaluated. The total frequency of somaclonal variation during the first growing cycle in plants coming from somatic embryos obtained from shoots apexes from axilary buds as initial explants were 1.1%, and 8,6% in regenerated plants from somatic embryos obtained from multi-buds as initial explants. Later, in this same growing cycle, plants regenerated from somatic embr...
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Un total de 36 marqueurs microsatellites (SSR) ont ete utilises pour analyser la diversite genetique de 163 accessions cultivees de manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz), 94 d'entre elles a partir de la collection de materiel genetique de... more
Un total de 36 marqueurs microsatellites (SSR) ont ete utilises pour analyser la diversite genetique de 163 accessions cultivees de manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz), 94 d'entre elles a partir de la collection de materiel genetique de manioc cubain et 69 autres genotypes de differents pays d'Afrique, d'Asie et d'Amerique latine, conserves au Centre International d'Agriculture Tropicale (Colombie). L'etude a ete menee afin de determiner la diversite genetique au sein et entre toutes les accessions pour promouvoir une meilleure conservation et utilisation. Trente-quatre SSR etaient polymorphes et utiles dans les etudes sur la diversite genetique. Les cultivars cubains ont montre le plus grand nombre de loci avec en moyenne 5,8 alleles et 100 % etaient des loci polymorphes, comme ceux du Guatemala. L'heterozygotie moyenne observee (HO) etait elevee (0,5918 ± 0,0351), avec les valeurs les plus elevees de HO pour les genotypes de Cuba (0, 6016) et de Tanzanie ...
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Due to the need of producing high quality planting material available to cassava growers, it has been necessary to look for alternatives in order to increase the efficiancy of in vitro propagation methods and their automation, such as the... more
Due to the need of producing high quality planting material available to cassava growers, it has been necessary to look for alternatives in order to increase the efficiancy of in vitro propagation methods and their automation, such as the use of the Temporal Immersion Systems (RITA ® ). This work was carried out to increase the multiplication coefficient for cassava mass propagation through out Temporal Immersion Systems. The clone ‘CMC-40’ was used. Different medium volumes per explant, and material density per unit at a given Immersion frequency were tested. The highest results were obtained in the 2.8 multiplication coefficient with 20 ml culture medium volume and 3.2 using a density of 40 explants/flask. When the Temporal Immersion System is used with these results, a more efficient method for cassava micropropagation is established and also higher quality vitroplants for the rooting stage and further acclimatization in field conditions are produced. Key Words: Tissue Culture, l...
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Landa, René; Rayas, Aymé; González, Lianet; Cruz, José A.; Ventura, José de la C.; Rodríguez, Sergio; González, Delly Lién; Molina, Osmany; Morales, Liliám; Sánchez, Robersy; Albert, Julia; Otero, Eneida; Roca, Omayra; Cartalla, Guillermo.
Research Interests: Humanities and Centro
The following working objectives were defined for developing a protocol for ´Pacala Duclos´ yam clone (Dioscorea alata L.) microtuber formation in temporary immersion systems (TIS): time effect, immersion frequency and culture medium... more
The following working objectives were defined for developing a protocol for ´Pacala Duclos´ yam clone (Dioscorea alata L.) microtuber formation in temporary immersion systems (TIS): time effect, immersion frequency and culture medium volume influence per in vitro cultivated ...
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The present review summarizes the factors involved in the process of banana somatic embryogenesis and somaclonal variation during this process. Being a polyploid and vegetatively propagated crop, development of an efficient somatic... more
The present review summarizes the factors involved in the process of banana somatic embryogenesis and somaclonal variation during this process. Being a polyploid and vegetatively propagated crop, development of an efficient somatic embryogenesis system is critical for the application of genetic transformation or other biological technologies in genetic improvement of banana. Since the 1980s, considerable progress has been made in understanding and refining somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in banana, but there are still many bottlenecks that remain to be overcome. The low induction percentage of embryogenic callus is the major limitation in the process of somatic embryogenesis in banana. It strongly depends on genotype/cultivar, incubation condition and some other factors. Success rates for the initiation of good quality embryogenic cell suspensions depend largely on the quality of the selected embryogenic calli. The successful establishment of an embryogenic cell suspension in banana also relies on genotype/cultivar. The germination of somatic embryos into plants is not very efficient and needs to be further improved. This step is also highly variable and found to be affected by genotype/cultivar, regeneration system, and quality of embryogenic cell suspension among other factors. Fortunately, the proportion of somaclonal variants in banana regenerated through somatic embryogenesis obtained from most studies using field tests were low, which suggested that somatic embryogenesis could be used for genetic improvement of banana.
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Blanco de Guineayam clone nodal segment multiplication was increased by using the temporary immer- sion system (TIS). The highest values for plant height, in ternodal number per plant and fresh and dry weight were obtained in this culture... more
Blanco de Guineayam clone nodal segment multiplication was increased by using the temporary immer- sion system (TIS). The highest values for plant height, in ternodal number per plant and fresh and dry weight were obtained in this culture system. Nodal segments cul tivated in TIS produced the highest multiplication coefficient (8,50). These plants were characterised by their green colour and rapid growth. The number of plants having vitrification symptoms (3,30) became reduced due to the favourable culture conditions crea -
Cells suspension of plantains and bananas with promising results have been reported internationally, however, in Cuba it is not at so for AAB group. So, the following working objectives have to be considered: in vitro multiplication of... more
Cells suspension of plantains and bananas with promising results have been reported internationally, however, in Cuba it is not at so for AAB group. So, the following working objectives have to be considered: in vitro multiplication of the material used as explant source. For in vitro multiplication of the material used as explant source. For in vitro multiplication of the material, several 6-BAP and IAA concentration were studied. Induction of embryogenic cultures was the developed form “scalps” incubated in solid medium ZZ. Suspensions were established in 10 ml and 25 ml Erlenmeyers containing liquid medium ZZ. The best medium for explant multiplication was MS (salts and vitamins), additional thiamin (1 mg.l -1 ), sucrose (40 g.l -1 ); 4.50 mg.l -1 6-BAP, 0.88mg.l -1 IAA and solidified agar (6.0 g.l -1 ) (medium 7). A 4.66% callus formation with embryogenic cultures was obtained, and cell suspensions were established 20 days after incubation in 10 ml Erlenmeyers. Media were change...
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The work was conducted to determine the incidence of microbial contaminants in two clones of taro (‘INIVIT MX-2007’ and ‘INIVIT MC-2012’) on the establishment and multiplication stages. The contaminated culture vials were counted and the... more
The work was conducted to determine the incidence of microbial contaminants in two clones of taro (‘INIVIT MX-2007’ and ‘INIVIT MC-2012’) on the establishment and multiplication stages. The contaminated culture vials were counted and the percentage of microbial contamination was determined by clone in each subculture. Different contaminants were isolated and characterized morphologically and culturally. A high incidence of microbial contaminants in the two taro clones were found. Bacteria caused the greatest damage in the establishment and multiplication stages. Key words: bacteria, in vitro plants, taro
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In order to develop embryogenic cultures in AAB Musa genotypes without persistent male inflorescence, the process has had greater success from proliferating meristems for callus formation with embryogenic structures. Based on the previous... more
In order to develop embryogenic cultures in AAB Musa genotypes without persistent male inflorescence, the process has had greater success from proliferating meristems for callus formation with embryogenic structures. Based on the previous information, other alternative explant sources for somatic embryogenesis development in cv. Navolean. Meristematic apexes were cultured in p5 culture medium supplemented with thidiazuron and ancymidol (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, mg.l-1) to obtain axillary buds. Later, axillary buds and proliferated meristems were tested for callus induction with embryogenic structures combinations with different 2,4-D concentrations. The best growth regulator for obtaining axillary buds was ancymidol (0.2 mg.l-1). For callus formation with embryogenic structures, axillary buds at 1.0 mg.l-1 2,4-D provided a higher percentage (13.6%). These results permitted the development of embryogenic cell suspensions from somatic embryos. Key words: Ancymidol, embryogenic cell suspension, ...
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Efecto del manitol y el nitrato de plata en la conservación in vitro