Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted f... more Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted from bats to humans. In Malaysia, aside from PRV2P (Pulau virus) being isolated from Pteropus hypomelanus sampled in Tioman island, PRV3M (Melaka virus), PRV4K (Kampar virus) and PRV7S (Sikamat virus) were all isolated from samples of patients reported having a disease spectrum from acute respiratory distress to influenza-like illness and sometimes even with enteric symptoms such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Screening of sera collected from human volunteers on Tioman island in 2001-2002 demonstrated that 12.8% (14/109) were positive for PRV2P and PRV3M. Taking all these together, we aim to investigate the serological prevalence of PRV (including PRV4K and PRV7S) among Tioman island inhabitants again with the assumption that seroprevalence rate will remain nearly similar to the above reported if human exposure to bats is still happening in the island. Using sera collected from human volunteers on the same island in 2017, we demonstrated seroprevalence of 17.8% (28/157) against PRV2P and PRV3M, respectively. Seropositivity of 11.4% among Tioman island inhabitants against PRV4K and PRV7S, respectively described in this study. In addition, seroprevalence of 89.5% (17/19), 73.6% (14/19), 63.0% (12/19) and 73.6% (14/19) against PRV2P, PRV3M, PRV4K and PRV7S respectively, were observed among pteropid bats in the island.. We revealed that seroprevalence of PRV among island inhabitants remains nearly similar after nearly two decades, suggesting that potential spill-over events in bat-human interface areas in the Tioman island. We are unclear whether such spillover was directly from bats to humans, as suspected for the PRV3M human cases, or from an intermediate host(s) yet to be identified. There is a high possibility of the viruses circulating among the bats as demonstrated by high seroprevalence against PRV in the bats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Monoclonal antibody-escape variant of dengue virus type 1 (MabEV DEN-1) was discovered and isolat... more Monoclonal antibody-escape variant of dengue virus type 1 (MabEV DEN-1) was discovered and isolated in an outbreak of dengue in Klang Valley, Malaysia from December 2004 to March 2005. This study was done to investigate whether DEN152 (an isolate of MabEV DEN-1) is a product of recombination event or not. In addition, the non-synonymous mutations that correlate with the monoclonal antibody-escape variant were determined in this study. The genomes of DEN152 and two new DEN-1 isolates, DENB04 and DENK154 were completely sequenced, aligned, and compared. Phylogenetic tree was plotted and the recombination event on DEN152 was investigated. DEN152 is sub-grouped under genotype I and is closely related genetically to a DEN-1 isolated in Japan in 2004. DEN152 is not a recombinant product of any parental strains. Four amino acid substitutions were unique only to DEN 152. These amino acid substitutions were (Ser)[326](Leu), (Ser)[340](Leu) at the deduced E protein, (Ile)[250](Thr) at NS1 pro...
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, 2021
1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, commonly known as salsolinol, is a compound der... more 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, commonly known as salsolinol, is a compound derived from dopamine. It was first discovered in 1973 and has gained attention for its role in Parkinson’s disease. Salsolinol and its derivatives were claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease as a neurotoxin that induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons due to its structural similarity to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its ability to induce Parkinsonism. In this article, we discussed the biosynthesis, distribution and blood-brain barrier permeability of salsolinol. The roles of salsolinol in a healthy brain, particularly the interactions with enzymes, hormone and catecholamine, were reviewed. Finally, we discussed the involvement of salsolinol and its derivatives in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.
Dengue fever (DF) is currently one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases that affects hum... more Dengue fever (DF) is currently one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases that affects humans. Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are caused by four serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV-1 to DENV-4). The main vector transmitting dengue is Aedes aegypti while Aedes albopictus acts as a secondary vector. As treatment is unavailable and the first dengue vaccine approved in Mexico, Dengvaxia® has yet to be accepted worldwide, prevention of the disease relies heavily on surveillance and control of mosquito vectors. A transgene driver, Wolbachia was found to limit the transmission of dengue virus in Aedes mosquitoes. Wolbachia alone was able to inhibit viral replication, dissemination and transmission in A. aeygpti mosquitoes in experimental studies. In A. albopictus, Wolbachia did not affect the replication of dengue virus but was able to reduce the viral infection of mosquito salivary glands and limit transmission. Studies on Wolbachia have all been carried out in ...
School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Mala... more School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Campus, Perak, Malaysia.
Abstract: This study aims to assess the incidence rate of Pteropine orthreovirus (PRV) infection ... more Abstract: This study aims to assess the incidence rate of Pteropine orthreovirus (PRV) infection in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in a suburban setting in Malaysia, where bats are known to be present in the neighborhood. Using molecular detection of PRVs directly from oropharyngeal swabs, our study demonstrates PRV is among one of the common causative agents of acute URTI with cough and sore-throat as the commonest presenting clinical features. Phylogenetic analysis on partial major outer and inner capsid proteins shows that these PRV strains are closely related to Melaka and Kampar viruses previously isolated in Malaysia. Further study is required to determine the public health significance of PRV infection in Southeast Asia, especially in cases where co-infection with other pathogens may potentially lead to different clinical outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Keywords: Pteropine orthoreovirus , Melaka virus, Nelson...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNA strands that are involved in various patholo... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNA strands that are involved in various pathological and physiological processes. Even though they do not code for any gene, they regulate gene expression by posttranscriptional modification through cleavage or translational repression of messenger RNA. Many miRNAs (for example, lethal-7 and miRNA-21) have been found to be involved in the pathogeneses of many diseases including cancers. The miRNA-331 family includes three miRNAs, namely, miRNA-331, miRNA-331-3p, and miRNA-331-5p. Recent studies have revealed that the miRNA-331 family is associated with the pathology of some cancers, including colorectal cancer, leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer. Therefore, it is important to have a good understanding about how the miRNA-331 family regulates the pathogeneses of these cancers. In this review, we discuss the pathological and physiological roles of the miRNA-3...
Background: PARK9 familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in t... more Background: PARK9 familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the ATP13A2 gene in which the mutation impairs the autophagic-lysosomal degradation pathway and induces intraneuronal accumulation of alpha-synuclein. RNA interference has been a useful tool in generating in vitro knockdown model to study the physiological role of the gene. However, the availability of a validated ATP13A2-deficient in vitro model is limited. Objective: This study aimed to develop the ATP13A2-deficient PD model by delivering ATP13A2 siRNA into neuroblastoma cells using carbonate apatite nanoparticles (CA NPs). Methods: CA NPs were fabricated using different concentrations of calcium chloride and characterised in the presence or absence of ATP13A2 siRNA. Time-dependent stabilities of CA NPs and CA NPs-associated siRNA (CA-siRNA) complex were evaluated by pH, turbidity, size, and zeta potential measurements. The dissolution abilities at acidic conditions of both complexes we...
Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted f... more Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted from bats to humans. In Malaysia, aside from PRV2P (Pulau virus) being isolated from Pteropus hypomelanus sampled in Tioman island, PRV3M (Melaka virus), PRV4K (Kampar virus) and PRV7S (Sikamat virus) were all isolated from samples of patients reported having a disease spectrum from acute respiratory distress to influenza-like illness and sometimes even with enteric symptoms such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Screening of sera collected from human volunteers on Tioman island in 2001-2002 demonstrated that 12.8% (14/109) were positive for PRV2P and PRV3M. Taking all these together, we aim to investigate the serological prevalence of PRV (including PRV4K and PRV7S) among Tioman island inhabitants again with the assumption that seroprevalence rate will remain nearly similar to the above reported if human exposure to bats is still happening in the island. Using sera collected from human volunteers on the same island in 2017, we demonstrated seroprevalence of 17.8% (28/157) against PRV2P and PRV3M, respectively. Seropositivity of 11.4% among Tioman island inhabitants against PRV4K and PRV7S, respectively described in this study. In addition, seroprevalence of 89.5% (17/19), 73.6% (14/19), 63.0% (12/19) and 73.6% (14/19) against PRV2P, PRV3M, PRV4K and PRV7S respectively, were observed among pteropid bats in the island.. We revealed that seroprevalence of PRV among island inhabitants remains nearly similar after nearly two decades, suggesting that potential spill-over events in bat-human interface areas in the Tioman island. We are unclear whether such spillover was directly from bats to humans, as suspected for the PRV3M human cases, or from an intermediate host(s) yet to be identified. There is a high possibility of the viruses circulating among the bats as demonstrated by high seroprevalence against PRV in the bats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 2019
Chronic neuroinflammation in central nervous system (CNS) can lead to neurodegenerative diseases ... more Chronic neuroinflammation in central nervous system (CNS) can lead to neurodegenerative diseases (ND). This was due to the over-activated microglia, which releases excessive pro-inflammatory mediators. The molecular mechanisms of orientin as anti-neuroinflammatory are yet to be fully elucidated. In order to investigate the effect of orientin on LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, the cells were pre-treated with orientin at maximum non-toxic dose (MNTD) (15 µM) or half MNTD (½ MNTD) (7.5 µM) for 3 hours, followed by incubation with 0.1 µg/mL of LPS for 24 hours. The LPS-stimulated cells were then subjected to three series of studies, including the determination of ROS level using 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescindiacetate (DCFH-DA) methods and the determination of mRNA of nuclear factor (NF)- кB, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) via real-time PCR (qPCR). The findings from th...
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2017
Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has sp... more Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has spilled over from bats to humans. Though initially found only in bats, further case studies have found viable virus in ill patients. Methodology: PubMed was queried with the keywords of Nelson Bay orthoreovirus OR Pteropine orthoreovirus OR Melaka orthoreovirus OR Kampar orthoreovirus, and returned 17 hits. Results: Based on prevalence studies, the presence of PRV has been reported in Malaysia and Vietnam, both developing countries. Other case reports also provide further evidence of the presence of PRV in the Southeast Asian region. Despite the absence of PRV in their home countries, travellers from Hong Kong and Japan to Indonesia have returned to their countries ill with this virus, indicating that local communities in Indonesia might be affected by this virus. Conclusions: This work aims to bring to light this emerging zoonotic respiratory virus circulating among developing countries i...
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2017
Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has sp... more Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has spilled over from bats to humans. Though initially found only in bats, further case studies have found viable virus in ill patients. Methodology: PubMed was queried with the keywords of Nelson Bay orthoreovirus OR Pteropine orthoreovirus OR Melaka orthoreovirus OR Kampar orthoreovirus, and returned 17 hits. Results: Based on prevalence studies, the presence of PRV has been reported in Malaysia and Vietnam, both developing countries. Other case reports also provide further evidence of the presence of PRV in the Southeast Asian region. Despite the absence of PRV in their home countries, travellers from Hong Kong and Japan to Indonesia have returned to their countries ill with this virus, indicating that local communities in Indonesia might be affected by this virus. Conclusions: This work aims to bring to light this emerging zoonotic respiratory virus circulating among developing countries i...
Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted f... more Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted from bats to humans. In Malaysia, aside from PRV2P (Pulau virus) being isolated from Pteropus hypomelanus sampled in Tioman island, PRV3M (Melaka virus), PRV4K (Kampar virus) and PRV7S (Sikamat virus) were all isolated from samples of patients reported having a disease spectrum from acute respiratory distress to influenza-like illness and sometimes even with enteric symptoms such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Screening of sera collected from human volunteers on Tioman island in 2001-2002 demonstrated that 12.8% (14/109) were positive for PRV2P and PRV3M. Taking all these together, we aim to investigate the serological prevalence of PRV (including PRV4K and PRV7S) among Tioman island inhabitants again with the assumption that seroprevalence rate will remain nearly similar to the above reported if human exposure to bats is still happening in the island. Using sera collected from human volunteers on the same island in 2017, we demonstrated seroprevalence of 17.8% (28/157) against PRV2P and PRV3M, respectively. Seropositivity of 11.4% among Tioman island inhabitants against PRV4K and PRV7S, respectively described in this study. In addition, seroprevalence of 89.5% (17/19), 73.6% (14/19), 63.0% (12/19) and 73.6% (14/19) against PRV2P, PRV3M, PRV4K and PRV7S respectively, were observed among pteropid bats in the island.. We revealed that seroprevalence of PRV among island inhabitants remains nearly similar after nearly two decades, suggesting that potential spill-over events in bat-human interface areas in the Tioman island. We are unclear whether such spillover was directly from bats to humans, as suspected for the PRV3M human cases, or from an intermediate host(s) yet to be identified. There is a high possibility of the viruses circulating among the bats as demonstrated by high seroprevalence against PRV in the bats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Monoclonal antibody-escape variant of dengue virus type 1 (MabEV DEN-1) was discovered and isolat... more Monoclonal antibody-escape variant of dengue virus type 1 (MabEV DEN-1) was discovered and isolated in an outbreak of dengue in Klang Valley, Malaysia from December 2004 to March 2005. This study was done to investigate whether DEN152 (an isolate of MabEV DEN-1) is a product of recombination event or not. In addition, the non-synonymous mutations that correlate with the monoclonal antibody-escape variant were determined in this study. The genomes of DEN152 and two new DEN-1 isolates, DENB04 and DENK154 were completely sequenced, aligned, and compared. Phylogenetic tree was plotted and the recombination event on DEN152 was investigated. DEN152 is sub-grouped under genotype I and is closely related genetically to a DEN-1 isolated in Japan in 2004. DEN152 is not a recombinant product of any parental strains. Four amino acid substitutions were unique only to DEN 152. These amino acid substitutions were (Ser)[326](Leu), (Ser)[340](Leu) at the deduced E protein, (Ile)[250](Thr) at NS1 pro...
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, 2021
1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, commonly known as salsolinol, is a compound der... more 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, commonly known as salsolinol, is a compound derived from dopamine. It was first discovered in 1973 and has gained attention for its role in Parkinson’s disease. Salsolinol and its derivatives were claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease as a neurotoxin that induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons due to its structural similarity to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its ability to induce Parkinsonism. In this article, we discussed the biosynthesis, distribution and blood-brain barrier permeability of salsolinol. The roles of salsolinol in a healthy brain, particularly the interactions with enzymes, hormone and catecholamine, were reviewed. Finally, we discussed the involvement of salsolinol and its derivatives in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.
Dengue fever (DF) is currently one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases that affects hum... more Dengue fever (DF) is currently one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases that affects humans. Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are caused by four serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV-1 to DENV-4). The main vector transmitting dengue is Aedes aegypti while Aedes albopictus acts as a secondary vector. As treatment is unavailable and the first dengue vaccine approved in Mexico, Dengvaxia® has yet to be accepted worldwide, prevention of the disease relies heavily on surveillance and control of mosquito vectors. A transgene driver, Wolbachia was found to limit the transmission of dengue virus in Aedes mosquitoes. Wolbachia alone was able to inhibit viral replication, dissemination and transmission in A. aeygpti mosquitoes in experimental studies. In A. albopictus, Wolbachia did not affect the replication of dengue virus but was able to reduce the viral infection of mosquito salivary glands and limit transmission. Studies on Wolbachia have all been carried out in ...
School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Mala... more School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Campus, Perak, Malaysia.
Abstract: This study aims to assess the incidence rate of Pteropine orthreovirus (PRV) infection ... more Abstract: This study aims to assess the incidence rate of Pteropine orthreovirus (PRV) infection in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in a suburban setting in Malaysia, where bats are known to be present in the neighborhood. Using molecular detection of PRVs directly from oropharyngeal swabs, our study demonstrates PRV is among one of the common causative agents of acute URTI with cough and sore-throat as the commonest presenting clinical features. Phylogenetic analysis on partial major outer and inner capsid proteins shows that these PRV strains are closely related to Melaka and Kampar viruses previously isolated in Malaysia. Further study is required to determine the public health significance of PRV infection in Southeast Asia, especially in cases where co-infection with other pathogens may potentially lead to different clinical outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Keywords: Pteropine orthoreovirus , Melaka virus, Nelson...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNA strands that are involved in various patholo... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNA strands that are involved in various pathological and physiological processes. Even though they do not code for any gene, they regulate gene expression by posttranscriptional modification through cleavage or translational repression of messenger RNA. Many miRNAs (for example, lethal-7 and miRNA-21) have been found to be involved in the pathogeneses of many diseases including cancers. The miRNA-331 family includes three miRNAs, namely, miRNA-331, miRNA-331-3p, and miRNA-331-5p. Recent studies have revealed that the miRNA-331 family is associated with the pathology of some cancers, including colorectal cancer, leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer. Therefore, it is important to have a good understanding about how the miRNA-331 family regulates the pathogeneses of these cancers. In this review, we discuss the pathological and physiological roles of the miRNA-3...
Background: PARK9 familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in t... more Background: PARK9 familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the ATP13A2 gene in which the mutation impairs the autophagic-lysosomal degradation pathway and induces intraneuronal accumulation of alpha-synuclein. RNA interference has been a useful tool in generating in vitro knockdown model to study the physiological role of the gene. However, the availability of a validated ATP13A2-deficient in vitro model is limited. Objective: This study aimed to develop the ATP13A2-deficient PD model by delivering ATP13A2 siRNA into neuroblastoma cells using carbonate apatite nanoparticles (CA NPs). Methods: CA NPs were fabricated using different concentrations of calcium chloride and characterised in the presence or absence of ATP13A2 siRNA. Time-dependent stabilities of CA NPs and CA NPs-associated siRNA (CA-siRNA) complex were evaluated by pH, turbidity, size, and zeta potential measurements. The dissolution abilities at acidic conditions of both complexes we...
Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted f... more Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted from bats to humans. In Malaysia, aside from PRV2P (Pulau virus) being isolated from Pteropus hypomelanus sampled in Tioman island, PRV3M (Melaka virus), PRV4K (Kampar virus) and PRV7S (Sikamat virus) were all isolated from samples of patients reported having a disease spectrum from acute respiratory distress to influenza-like illness and sometimes even with enteric symptoms such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Screening of sera collected from human volunteers on Tioman island in 2001-2002 demonstrated that 12.8% (14/109) were positive for PRV2P and PRV3M. Taking all these together, we aim to investigate the serological prevalence of PRV (including PRV4K and PRV7S) among Tioman island inhabitants again with the assumption that seroprevalence rate will remain nearly similar to the above reported if human exposure to bats is still happening in the island. Using sera collected from human volunteers on the same island in 2017, we demonstrated seroprevalence of 17.8% (28/157) against PRV2P and PRV3M, respectively. Seropositivity of 11.4% among Tioman island inhabitants against PRV4K and PRV7S, respectively described in this study. In addition, seroprevalence of 89.5% (17/19), 73.6% (14/19), 63.0% (12/19) and 73.6% (14/19) against PRV2P, PRV3M, PRV4K and PRV7S respectively, were observed among pteropid bats in the island.. We revealed that seroprevalence of PRV among island inhabitants remains nearly similar after nearly two decades, suggesting that potential spill-over events in bat-human interface areas in the Tioman island. We are unclear whether such spillover was directly from bats to humans, as suspected for the PRV3M human cases, or from an intermediate host(s) yet to be identified. There is a high possibility of the viruses circulating among the bats as demonstrated by high seroprevalence against PRV in the bats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 2019
Chronic neuroinflammation in central nervous system (CNS) can lead to neurodegenerative diseases ... more Chronic neuroinflammation in central nervous system (CNS) can lead to neurodegenerative diseases (ND). This was due to the over-activated microglia, which releases excessive pro-inflammatory mediators. The molecular mechanisms of orientin as anti-neuroinflammatory are yet to be fully elucidated. In order to investigate the effect of orientin on LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, the cells were pre-treated with orientin at maximum non-toxic dose (MNTD) (15 µM) or half MNTD (½ MNTD) (7.5 µM) for 3 hours, followed by incubation with 0.1 µg/mL of LPS for 24 hours. The LPS-stimulated cells were then subjected to three series of studies, including the determination of ROS level using 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescindiacetate (DCFH-DA) methods and the determination of mRNA of nuclear factor (NF)- кB, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) via real-time PCR (qPCR). The findings from th...
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2017
Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has sp... more Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has spilled over from bats to humans. Though initially found only in bats, further case studies have found viable virus in ill patients. Methodology: PubMed was queried with the keywords of Nelson Bay orthoreovirus OR Pteropine orthoreovirus OR Melaka orthoreovirus OR Kampar orthoreovirus, and returned 17 hits. Results: Based on prevalence studies, the presence of PRV has been reported in Malaysia and Vietnam, both developing countries. Other case reports also provide further evidence of the presence of PRV in the Southeast Asian region. Despite the absence of PRV in their home countries, travellers from Hong Kong and Japan to Indonesia have returned to their countries ill with this virus, indicating that local communities in Indonesia might be affected by this virus. Conclusions: This work aims to bring to light this emerging zoonotic respiratory virus circulating among developing countries i...
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2017
Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has sp... more Introduction: Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that has spilled over from bats to humans. Though initially found only in bats, further case studies have found viable virus in ill patients. Methodology: PubMed was queried with the keywords of Nelson Bay orthoreovirus OR Pteropine orthoreovirus OR Melaka orthoreovirus OR Kampar orthoreovirus, and returned 17 hits. Results: Based on prevalence studies, the presence of PRV has been reported in Malaysia and Vietnam, both developing countries. Other case reports also provide further evidence of the presence of PRV in the Southeast Asian region. Despite the absence of PRV in their home countries, travellers from Hong Kong and Japan to Indonesia have returned to their countries ill with this virus, indicating that local communities in Indonesia might be affected by this virus. Conclusions: This work aims to bring to light this emerging zoonotic respiratory virus circulating among developing countries i...
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