- Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Fajar Budi Lestari
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekolah Vokasi, Faculty Member
- Chulalongkorn University, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate Studentadd
- Researcher in Clinical Virologyedit
Research Interests:
Although rotavirus vaccines are available in many parts of the world and are effective in reducing the overall incidence of rotavirus infection, it remains a major cause of diarrhea in less-developed countries. Among various rotavirus... more
Although rotavirus vaccines are available in many parts of the world and are effective in reducing the overall incidence of rotavirus infection, it remains a major cause of diarrhea in less-developed countries. Among various rotavirus group A (RVA) strains, the increasingly common genotype G3 (defined by the VP7 gene) has been identified in both humans and animals. Our previous epidemiological surveillance in Bangkok found several unusual non-vaccine-like G3 strains in patients with diarrhea. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the genomes of seven of these G3 strains, which formed combinations with genotypes P[4], P[6], P[9], and P[10] (defined by the VP4 gene). Interestingly, we identified a bat-like RVA strain with the genome constellation G3-P[10]-I3-R3-C3-M3-A9-N3-T3-E3-H6, which has not been previously reported in the literature. The amino acid residues deduced from the nucleotide sequences of our G3 strains differed at the antigenic epitopes to those of the VP7 caps...
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Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus produces various superantigen exotoxins, including staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). It causes fatal anaphylactic reactions and toxic shock. This study aimed to evaluate the reaction of... more
Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus produces various superantigen exotoxins, including staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). It causes fatal anaphylactic reactions and toxic shock. This study aimed to evaluate the reaction of leukocytes and histopathological changes in the respiratory organs of Balb/c mice after intranasal infection with enterotoxigenic S. aureus (SEB). Materials and Methods: The presence of the seb gene in S. aureus was established in this study using polymerase chain reaction-specific primer. Two groups of 8-week-old male Balb-c mice consist of six mice in each group. The treated group was infected with 50 μL and 100 μL of SEB intranasal on days 1 and 14, respectively. NaCl was administered in the second group and was considered as a control group. Blood samples were collected through the retro-orbital plexus on days 1, 4, 7, 14, and 22 after infections. Total cell counts were analyzed with an independent sample t-test and compared using the statistical packag...
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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the bacteria that causing mastitis, implicate economic losses in dairy farm. Treatment of S. aureus is known to be difficult because of the mismatch of choosing the right type of antibiotic... more
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the bacteria that causing mastitis, implicate economic losses in dairy farm. Treatment of S. aureus is known to be difficult because of the mismatch of choosing the right type of antibiotic and the nature of resistance that is easily developed. The purpose of this study were to identified and characterized the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus in dairy cows subclinical mastitis from Sedyo Mulyo farm, Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Bacterial identification of S. aureus from 40 milk positive CMT test was carried out through bacterial culture with MSA test, coagulase, catalase, Gram staining, Voges-Proskauer test, and colony morphology on 5% sheep blood agar plates. Identification of S. aureus resistance to several antibtiotic were carried out by the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that 26 of 40 milk samples tested were presumptive identified for S. aureus. The percentage of antibiotics resistance to cefixim, ampicillin, oxytetracyclin...
Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat Tahun 2018 telah dilaksanakan di Desa Soropati, Hargotirto, Kokap, Kulon Progo. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan sosialisasi dalam pemeliharaan dan pembentukan kelompok kelinci dengan... more
Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat Tahun 2018 telah dilaksanakan di Desa Soropati, Hargotirto, Kokap, Kulon Progo. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan sosialisasi dalam pemeliharaan dan pembentukan kelompok kelinci dengan melibatkan civitas akademika Program Studi Diploma Kesehatan Hewan, Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner, Sekolah Vokasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada dengan Puskeswan Kokap sehingga dapat terjalin komunikasi yang baik antara akademisi, petugas, dan masyarakat peternak. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan memberikan transfer informasi dan pelatihan mengenai manajemen pemeliharaan kelinci yang meliputi jenis-jenis kelinci, manajemen perkandangan, pakan, dan breeding. Pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan pemberian materi dan diskusi secara interaktif dilanjutkan studi banding ke peternak kelinci yang telah sukses, penyuluhan serta pembinaan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah telah terbentuk Kelompok Tani Mantep Makaryo yang bergerak dibidang pemeliharaan dan pembudidayaan kel...
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Sahabat Ternak is one of the Etawah crossbreed (PE) goat farm groups in Sleman. This farm group focuses on goat milk production and processed goods. Problems that commonly arise in dairy goat farms are the cases of subclinical mastitis,... more
Sahabat Ternak is one of the Etawah crossbreed (PE) goat farm groups in Sleman. This farm group focuses on goat milk production and processed goods. Problems that commonly arise in dairy goat farms are the cases of subclinical mastitis, which are quite high. This disease may cause a decrease in milk production and quality. The mastitis subclinical detection method which is often used by the farming community is the somatic cell count (SCC) and California mastitis test (CMT). However, both tests have low accuracy. Recently, a new method named GAMA Anti-Haptoglobin, which is more accurate and can be done easily has been established by livestock farmers. This community service aims to empower livestock farmers in applying GAMA Anti-Haptoglobin as a sensitive, rapid, and accurate subclinical mastitis detection kit in Sahabat Ternak goat farm. The method used in this activity consisted of discussion, socialization, and training for livestock farmers, as well as laboratory testing, evalua...
Background The COVID-19 virus has been an emerging disease causing global outbreaks for over a year. In Thailand, transmission may be controlled by strict measures that could positively and negatively impact physical health and suicidal... more
Background The COVID-19 virus has been an emerging disease causing global outbreaks for over a year. In Thailand, transmission may be controlled by strict measures that could positively and negatively impact physical health and suicidal behavior. Methods The incidence of COVID-19 was retrieved from the Department of Disease Control (DDC). The impact of viral diseases was retrieved from the open-source of the DDC and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. The road accidents data were from the Thai Ministry of Transport. The suicidal behavior data were obtained from the Department of Mental Health. We compared data from the year 2019 with the pandemic COVID-19 outbreak period in 2020, before lockdown, during lockdown, easing, and new wave period using unpaired t-test and least-squares linear regression. We compared the impact of the outbreak on various data records in 2020 with corresponding non-outbreak from 2019. Results There was a significant decline in cases of influenza (p
Kelompok Ternak Tirto merupakan salah satu peternakan kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) yang cukup besar dan berada di wilayah Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta. Kambing Peranakan Etawah dikembangbiakkan untuk produksi susu. Intra Mammary Infection... more
Kelompok Ternak Tirto merupakan salah satu peternakan kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) yang cukup besar dan berada di wilayah Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta. Kambing Peranakan Etawah dikembangbiakkan untuk produksi susu. Intra Mammary Infection (IMI) atau mastitis, khususnya mastitis subklinis, merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menurunkan produksi susu kambing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya mastitis subklinis pada kambing PE di Kelompok Ternak Tirto tersebut. Data faktor risiko dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner. Metode kuesioner berupa wawancara langsung kepada 19 peternak anggota kelompok ternak ini dan observasi pada saat dilakukan kegiatan pemerahan. Faktor risiko pada kambing PE ditentukan dengan menggunakan odds ratio (OR). Faktor risiko yang berhubungan positif dengan mastitis subklinis pada kambing PE kelompok tani Tirto di Kokap, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta adalah kebersihan kandang (OR = 1,2) dan pembersihan ambing (OR =...
Background Human rotavirus A (RVA) infection is the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide, especially in children under 5 years of age and is a major public health problem causing severe... more
Background Human rotavirus A (RVA) infection is the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide, especially in children under 5 years of age and is a major public health problem causing severe diarrhea in children in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genotype diversity, and molecular characterization of rotavirus infection circulating in children under 15 years of age diagnosed with AGE in Thailand from January 2016 to December 2019. Methods A total of 2,001 stool samples were collected from children with gastroenteritis (neonates to children <15 years of age) and tested for RVA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Amplified products were sequenced and submitted to an online genotyping tool for analysis. Results Overall, 301 (15.0%) stool samples were positive for RVA. RVA occurred most frequently among children aged 0-24 months. The seasonal incidence of rotavirus infection occurred typically in Thailan...
Detection of gene encoding resistance of bacteria could be used as an accurate method to determine resistance of Staphylococcus aureus which is causing mastitis in dairy cows to the several antibiotics. This research aimed to detect the... more
Detection of gene encoding resistance of bacteria could be used as an accurate method to determine resistance of Staphylococcus aureus which is causing mastitis in dairy cows to the several antibiotics. This research aimed to detect the gene encoding resistance of methicillin, penicillin and tetracycline from identified S. aureus. Sixty milk samples were collected from subclinical mastitis of cows from various dairy farming in Yogyakarta. Isolation and identification of S. aureus based on the culture, Gram staining and biochemical test. Phenotypes of S. aureus resistances against antibiotics were carried out by disc diffusion method, meanwhile species specific gene of S. aureus and the gene encoding methicillin, penicillin and tetracycline were confirmed by PCR method. The results showed 11 isolates representing of Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) could be identified, wherein 5 isolates were harboring both of penicillin and tetracycline resistant genes respectively.
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The genus of Staphylococcus is one of the bacterial pathogens that cause mastitis causing economic losses in Etawa crossbreed goat. Among Staphylococcus sp. which can grow well in raw milk, Staphylococcus aureus is known causing foodborn... more
The genus of Staphylococcus is one of the bacterial pathogens that cause mastitis causing economic losses in Etawa crossbreed goat. Among Staphylococcus sp. which can grow well in raw milk, Staphylococcus aureus is known causing foodborn disease in human because of its ability to produce enterotoxins that are resistance to digestive enzymes or heating treatment. The purpose of this study was to detect Staphylococcus sp. and S. aureus directly from raw milk of Etawa crossbreed goat using PCR. The study was carried out by extracted DNA from fresh milk using spin column method and then amplified specific 23S rRNA for Staphylococcus sp. and S. aureus. PCR examination revealed that 37 (61%) and 1 (1,6%) raw milk samples were positive for Staphylococcus sp. and S. aureus respectively. The PCR Method is usefull to reduce defection time of Staphylococcus sp. contaminants.
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The phenomenon of microbial resistance to an antibiotic or some kind of specific antibiotics (multi drugs resistance) greatly complicate the treatment process, one of which is Streptococcus suis (S. suis) which is known to cause... more
The phenomenon of microbial resistance to an antibiotic or some kind of specific antibiotics (multi drugs resistance) greatly complicate the treatment process, one of which is Streptococcus suis (S. suis) which is known to cause meningitis in animals and humans. Today, with rising bacterial resistance to a wide range of antibiotics, it takes an effort to assess the potential medicinal plants as an antibiotic that is appropriate and safe. Sage (Salvia officinalis.L) is reported to have antibacterial and fungicidal effect. Phenolic acids such as salvin and ether monomethyl salvin which isolated from the sage thought to have antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains. The purpose of this study was to prove the ability of sage leaf extract as an antibacterial against S. suis causes streptococcal meningitis in vitro. In-vitro method used in this research through a two-stage dilution test and the diffusion test on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). S. suis isolates (code 225) were t...
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Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab utama mastitis. Protein-A berperan penting dalam adesi dan kolonisasi bakteri pada sel inang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fagositosis S. aureus... more
Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab utama mastitis. Protein-A berperan penting dalam adesi dan kolonisasi bakteri pada sel inang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fagositosis S. aureus berdasarkan keberadaan protein-A pada media serum soft agar. Sebanyak 19 isolat S. aureus susu sapi perah asal Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah digunakan pada penelitian ini. Seluruh isolat tersebut direidentifikasi dengan dipupuk pada media plat agar darah (PAD), koloni bakteri kemudian diidentifikasi dengan pewarnaan Gram, uji mannitol salt agar (MSA), katalase dan uji koagulase. Karakterisasi S.aureus dilakukan dengan menanam bakteri pada media serum soft agar (SSA) yang mengandung serum kelinci untuk mengetahui keberadaan protein-A, kemudian dilakukan uji fagositosis dengan menggunakan sel polimorfonuklear. Dari 19 isolat tersebut seluruhnya teridentifikasi sebagai S. aureus yang ditunjukkan dengan Gram positif, sel berbentuk kokus bergerombol, mampu m...
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Streptococcus suis pada babi merupakan bakteri Gram positif berbentuk coccus, bersifat fakultatif anaerob yang menimbulkan penyakit zoonosis pada manusia. Serotipe 2 mempunyai patogenesitas tertinggi dalam menginfeksi babi dan manusia,... more
Streptococcus suis pada babi merupakan bakteri Gram positif berbentuk coccus, bersifat fakultatif anaerob yang menimbulkan penyakit zoonosis pada manusia. Serotipe 2 mempunyai patogenesitas tertinggi dalam menginfeksi babi dan manusia, dan merupakan satu-satunya serotipe yang umum ditemukan pada infeksi manusia. Muramidase released protein (MRP) merupakan salah satu faktor virulensi potensial pada S. suis. Kontrol penyakit sulit dilakukan karena vaksin kurang efektif dan efisien, serta kurangnya perangkat diagnostik yang sensitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat perangkat diagnostik yang berbasis antibodi anti MRP 864 rekombinan S. suis untuk deteksi keberadaan S. suis di lapangan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan isolat E.coli BL-21 (Invitrogen) yang ditransformasi dengan plasmid rekombinan pET SUMO (Invitrogen) yang disisipi gen mrp 864. Isolasi DNA plasmid rekombinan menggunakan GeneJET Plasmid Miniprep Kits (Fermentas). Antigen protein rekombinan dipurifikasi dengan menggunakan P...
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Livestock in Indonesia are mostly smallholder farms which have the following characteristics, including small scale businesses and using simple technology. One effort to overcome these problems is to carry out technological... more
Livestock in Indonesia are mostly smallholder farms which have the following characteristics, including small scale businesses and using simple technology. One effort to overcome these problems is to carry out technological transformation. The introduction of technology for the maintenance of Peranakan Ettawa (PE) goats has been given to farmers, but not many of these technologies have been adopted by farmers who have certain characteristics. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of farmers who influence the technology adoption rates of Ettawa Peranakan goat breeding. The materials used were Peranakan Ettawa breeders who were members of the Mantep Makaryo, Subur and Tirto livestock groups in the village of Hargotirto, Kokap District, Kulon Progo Regency. The method used in this study is the survey method. The study was conducted from April to October 2018. The analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis, namely the analysis used to determine the facto...
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Background Human rotavirus A (RVA) infection is the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide, especially in children under 5 years of age and is a major public health problem causing severe... more
Background Human rotavirus A (RVA) infection is the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide, especially in children under 5 years of age and is a major public health problem causing severe diarrhea in children in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genotype diversity, and molecular characterization of rotavirus infection circulating in children under 15 years of age diagnosed with AGE in Thailand from January 2016 to December 2019. Methods A total of 2,001 stool samples were collected from children with gastroenteritis (neonates to children <15 years of age) and tested for RVA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Amplified products were sequenced and submitted to an online genotyping tool for analysis. Results Overall, 301 (15.0%) stool samples were positive for RVA. RVA occurred most frequently among children aged 0-24 months. The seasonal incidence of rotavirus infection occurred typically in Thailan...
Genus Staphylococcus merupakan salah satu patogen bakteri penyebab mastitis yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi pada kambing Peranakan Etawa. Diantara Staphylococcus sp. yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik dalam susu segar, diketahui... more
Genus Staphylococcus merupakan salah satu patogen bakteri penyebab mastitis yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi pada kambing Peranakan Etawa. Diantara Staphylococcus sp. yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik dalam susu segar, diketahui Staphylococcus aureus dapat membahayakan kesehatan manusia yang mengkonsumsi (food borne disease) karena kemampuannya dalam memproduksi enterotoksin yang tahan terhadap enzim pencernaan maupun pemanasan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeteksi Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus secara langsung dari susu kambing peranakan etawa dengan teknik PCR.Metode yang dilakukan adalah mengekstraksi DNA dari 60 sample susu segar dengan prinsip spin column-based nucleic acid purification dan kemudian dilakukan amplifikasi gen spesifik 23S rRNA Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus. Hasil PCR diketahui 37 (61%) sampel susu positif mengandung Staphylococcus sp. dan hanya 1 (1,6%) sampel mengandung S. aureus. Metode deteksi dengan PCR dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi kontaminan Staphy...
Staphylococcus aureus is recognized worldwide as a major pathogen causing subclinical intramammary infections in dairy cows and food poisoning due to its ability to produce enterotoxin. The study aimed to identify enterotoxins of S.... more
Staphylococcus aureus is recognized worldwide as a major pathogen causing subclinical intramammary infections in dairy cows and food poisoning due to its ability to produce enterotoxin. The study aimed to identify enterotoxins of S. aureus and clustering the enterotoxins based on assessory gene regulator (agr). Virulence of S. aureus to the host was characterized based on the response of polymorphonuclear cells to the infection. Twelve S. aureus could be isolated from milk cows in central of dairy farming in Sumedang West Java. The identification of S. aureus was based on cultural and biochemical tests and an amplification of a specific section of the 23S rRNA gene. The sensitivity test against antibiotics revealed that some isolates of S. aureus were resistant to penicillin and methycillin. By PCR amplification one or more staphylococcal enterotoxin genes could be observed five genes in combinations of sea (216 bp), seb (478 bp), seh (375 bp), sei (576 bp), and sej (142 bp). Cluste...
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Background Rotaviruses (RVs) are recognized as a major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide. Here we summarize the virology, disease burden, prevalence, distribution of genotypes and seasonality of... more
Background Rotaviruses (RVs) are recognized as a major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide. Here we summarize the virology, disease burden, prevalence, distribution of genotypes and seasonality of RVs, and the current status of RV vaccination in Southeast Asia (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) from 2008 to 2018. Methods Rotavirus infection in Children in Southeast Asia countries was assessed using data from Pubmed and Google Scholars. Most countries in Southeast Asia have not yet introduced national RV vaccination programs. We exclude Brunei Darussalam, and Timor Leste because there were no eligible studies identified during that time. Results According to the 2008–2018 RV surveillance data for Southeast Asia, 40.78% of all diarrheal disease in children were caused by RV infection, which is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5...
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Klebsiella spp. is a common bacteria causing mastitis. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella varicola is the most infected Klebsiella spp in the dairy farm. This study used 16 milk samples from 8 lactation goats in Sahabat Ternak farm,... more
Klebsiella spp. is a common bacteria causing mastitis. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella varicola is the most infected Klebsiella spp in the dairy farm. This study used 16 milk samples from 8 lactation goats in Sahabat Ternak farm, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Samples were tested by california mastitis test (CMT) reagent to determine the mastitis status, inoculated on blood agar (BA) then on Mac Conkey Agar (MCA) as a selective media for Gram negative bacteria. The colonies from BA and MCA were stained by Gram staining to determine Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria and its cell morphology. The colonies from MCA were identified by biochemical tests such as sugar fermentation tests (glucose, lactose, maltose, and saccharose), arginine, ornithine decarboxylase, indole, citrate, urea hydrolysis (Christensen’s method), lysin and malonate. The result of mastitis test showed 5 goats were positive result and 3 samples were negative. Bacterial staining showed 2 samples were Gram-negative, ro...
Dusun Tegal Domban is one of the highest Salak Pondoh produce in Sleman District. However there is a problemfaced by salak farmers due to the overproduction and overripe which mightcause waste. Implementation of Biotechnology should be... more
Dusun Tegal Domban is one of the highest Salak Pondoh produce in Sleman District. However there is a problemfaced by salak farmers due to the overproduction and overripe which mightcause waste. Implementation of Biotechnology should be one of the alternativesolutions to overcome this problem. The aims of the program were to utilize the salak fruits wasteto produce Natade Salaccausing biological agents, such as Acetobacter xylinum, and to implement the education for sustainability development which subjected toa women organization PKK Dusun Tegal Domban who accompanyed by the team from Biotechnology Master Program UGM in order to learn how to produce Nata de Salacca. This program was initiated with the laboratory experiments to find the fine composotion of nata substrates to get the optimal nata product. The following action was to acompany the women who aplicate the nata production process. Results from the laboratory experiment showed that the best composition of substrat and water...