It can be declared that the adaptation of companies to the new industrial revolution, so called I... more It can be declared that the adaptation of companies to the new industrial revolution, so called Industry 4.0, is not a choice but an issue of survival. The structure of business processes are changing with the newly introduced, radical and highly value adding technological drivers, such as internet of things, cloud computing, autonomous robots, augmented reality, cyber security system, etc. In the globalized trade markets none of the companies can close their eyes to this new era and ignore the required change in their operations. Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) have 99.8% enterprise share of Turkey, and consequently have obvious contribution not only to the local economy but also to the global competition strength of the country. In that sense, catching up the fourth industrial revolution has to be the prior agenda of the SMEs, and also of the government institutions and the universities from the perspective of giving the required support. This study is the continuum of the broad research that is initiated in March 2018. The purpose is to identify the current situation of SMEs in Turkey with respect to their various implementations for Industry 4.0 transformation. A specifically designed questionnaire is applied to SME’s with the support of KOSGEB (Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Development Organization), and in this stage of the research, the companies located in four major cities, namely Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir and Bursa, are analyzed and compared. The study aims to find out the level of awareness and readiness of SMEs in these cities and measure their Industry 4.0 scores. The final target is to support the Industry 4.0 implementations by defining the current situation and proposing suitable actions for adaptation based on varying results.
International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems
In this study, an Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) based clustering algorithm is proposed for solving ... more In this study, an Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) based clustering algorithm is proposed for solving continuous multiple facility location problems. Unlike the original version applied to multivariate data clustering, the ABC based clustering here solves the two-dimensional clustering. On the other hand, the multiple facility location problem the proposed clustering algorithm deals with is aimed to find site locations for healthcare wastes. After applying ABC based clustering algorithm on test data, a real-world facility location problem is solved for identifying healthcare waste disposal facility locations for Istanbul Municipality. Geographical coordinates and healthcare waste amounts of Istanbul hospitals are used to decide the locations of sterilization facilities to be established for reducing the medical waste generated. ABC based clustering is performed for different number of clusters predefined by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, and the total cost—the amount of healthcare w...
16. Üretim Araştırmaları Sempozyumu (ÜAS 2016) Bildiriler Kitabı, 2016
Marka algısı müşterinin markaya dair yargılarını kapsar ve üç alt faktör ile ölçülür. 'İlişki değ... more Marka algısı müşterinin markaya dair yargılarını kapsar ve üç alt faktör ile ölçülür. 'İlişki değeri' müşterinin markaya bağlanmasına neden olan ölçütleri belirler. 'Marka değeri' markanın bilinirliği ve kurumsal etik ile biçimlenir. 'Algılanan objektif değer' müşterinin üründen aldığı toplam faydaya değer biçmesidir ve kalite ile ilişkilidir. Böylece kalitenin arttırılması müşteri algısının yükseltilmesine hizmet edecektir. Kalite Fonksiyonu Göçerimi, müşteri beklentilerini teknik özellikler ile ilişkilendirerek, kalitenin beklentiler doğrultusunda iyileştirilmesini sağlayan bir araçtır. KFG uygulamasıyla yapılacak kalite iyileştirmeleri neticesinde marka algısının arttırılması da başarılacaktır. Bu çalışmada taşınabilir şarj cihazları marka algısının arttırılması için KFG uygulaması yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen anket satış elemanları ve tüketicilerden oluşan iki farklı örneklem gurubu tarafından cevaplanmıştır. Anket sonuçlarıyla müşteri algısı değerlendirilmiş, KFG matrisi yapılandırılarak analiz edilmiştir. Mevcut müşteri algısının üç alt faktör bazında açılımı ve iyileştirme önerileri firmaya sunulmuştur.
Brand perception means the perceptions of the customer for the product and measured with three factors. 'Relationship equity' defines the measures that connect the customer to the product. 'Brand equity' is the results of brand awareness and company ethics. 'Perceived objective value' is described as degree of meeting the customer expectations, and it is associated with the quality term. Hence, improving quality would serve in increased brand perception. Quality Function Deployment is a tool that connects customer requirements with technical specifications, and provides quality improvement towards expectations. Quality improvements with QFD studies would succeed in increasing brand perception. In this study, a QFD study is implemented for increasing brand awareness of mobile power banks. A questionnaire is developed and applied for two different sample groups such as, consumers and sellers. Brand perception is evaluated, QFD matrix is structured and analyzed with the results of the questionnaire. Three factors of the brand perception and improvement proposals are reported to the company.
Kalite kontrol faaliyetlerinde %100 muayenenin çok maliyetli olması, muayenenin uzun sürmesi ve/v... more Kalite kontrol faaliyetlerinde %100 muayenenin çok maliyetli olması, muayenenin uzun sürmesi ve/veya ürünün tahribatı ile sonuçlanması gibi durumlarda örnekleme uygulaması yapılır. Kabul örneklemesi olarak adlandırılan bu istatistiksel yöntem ile amaç parti içinden seçilen örneklem üzerinde yapılan testlerle partinin kabul edilebilirliğinin belirlenmesidir. Kabul örneklemesinin planı uygulanan kontrolün derecesi, parti büyüklüğü, kabul edilen kalite seviyesi gibi faktörlere göre değişir. Bu amaçla standart örnekleme planlarının kullanımının kalite kontrol faaliyetlerinin etkinliğini arttırdığı ifade edilebilir. Bu çalışmada tekstil sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir işletmede kabul örneklemesi uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Söz konusu işletmede fason üretim için yararlanılan tedarikçilerinden gelen farklı parti büyüklüklerindeki ürünlere girdi kontrol işlemleri uygulanmaktadır. Çalışmada kabul örneklemesi faaliyetlerinin uygunluğunu değerlendirmek amacıyla, öncelikle girdi kontrol kayıtlarındaki örnek büyüklükleri ve kararlar incelenmiştir. Daha sonra ANSI/ASQ Z-1.4 (TSE/TS 2756) Standardı bağlamında belirlenen yeni örnekleme planlarına göre uygulanan kontrollerin kabul/red neticeleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Kabul/red oranlarının farklılıkları, hata türlerinin dağılımı ile hata sebeplerinin analizleri işletmeye sunularak, standart örnekleme planlarının kullanımı önerilmiştir.
Sampling is applied in quality control operations due to higher cost, longer duration and product destruction requirements of 100% inspection. This statistical method so called acceptance sampling, targets to determine the acceptability of lot via performed inspections on selected samples. Hence, the use of standard sampling plans improve the effectiveness of quality control activities. In this study, acceptance sampling applications are examined in a textile manufacturer. Incoming quality controls are applied on different sizes of products coming from outsourced suppliers. Initially, sample sizes are examined from incoming control records to evaluate the efficiency of sampling plans. Then, acceptance results due to new sampling plans designed according to ANSI/ASQ Z-1.4 Standard are compared with the initial records. Conflicts in the acceptance rates, distribution of the failure types and the results of cause and effect analysis are proposed to the company, and the application of the new standard sampling plans are reccommended.
Sustainable procurement is the process of meeting the needs of an organisation with the most bene... more Sustainable procurement is the process of meeting the needs of an organisation with the most beneficial monetary value, while mitigating the diverse effects of its operations on society and environment. There are studies which adopt environmental criteria to procurement decisions, whereas, works integrating the three dimensions and discussing the trade-offs between them are scarce. In this paper, the three di- mensions of corporate sustainability; environmentaleeconomicalesocial, are integrated into supplier selection and demand allocation decisions. With their integrated approach, the proposed mathematical models aim to contribute to the relevant literature by analysing different sustainable procurement strategies. Initially, a questionnaire is introduced for measuring the sustainability scores of a company's potential suppliers, and these scores are then used as an input to the models. The developed mixed- integer linear programming models distribute demand to the most sustainable firms in the supplier pool of the company while ensuring minimum procurement cost for the identified strategy. The questionnaire and models are implemented in three companies to interpret the outcomes of different sustainability strategies on the procurement decisions. Selection of the most appropriate strategy is a managerial decision influenced by the varying dynamics of the company and the market conditions. These models demonstrate an easy and practical approach in assisting sustainable procurement. Results are promising in displaying the trade-offs between the sustainability dimensions of different strategies with alternating procurement costs, and can aid the managers to integrate environmental, economical, and social aspects into their supply chain operations.
Intelligent Systems and Decision Making for Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, 2013
In this study four different clustering algorithms are compared with respect to their cost perfor... more In this study four different clustering algorithms are compared with respect to their cost performance for a real world multi facility location problem. First two algorithms are Fuzzy C-Means and Self Organizing Maps. Then, these algorithms are integrated with Center of Gravity Method, named as FCM-COG and SOM-COG. All algorithms are applied to a multi facility location problem for clustering geographical coordinate data of Istanbul hospitals, to serve Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Environmental Management Industrial and Trade Inc. (ISTAÇ) in its medical waste management activities. ISTAÇ will use the results to identify the alternative places of sterilization facilities, and reducing the distance that hazardous wastes are transferred. Clustering is performed for different number of clusters predefined by ISTAÇ, and results are compared with respect to CPU time performance, and total cost which is defined as the amount of waste produced by a hospital, multiplied by its distance to the sterilization facility.
It can be declared that the adaptation of companies to the new industrial revolution, so called I... more It can be declared that the adaptation of companies to the new industrial revolution, so called Industry 4.0, is not a choice but an issue of survival. The structure of business processes are changing with the newly introduced, radical and highly value adding technological drivers, such as internet of things, cloud computing, autonomous robots, augmented reality, cyber security system, etc. In the globalized trade markets none of the companies can close their eyes to this new era and ignore the required change in their operations. Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) have 99.8% enterprise share of Turkey, and consequently have obvious contribution not only to the local economy but also to the global competition strength of the country. In that sense, catching up the fourth industrial revolution has to be the prior agenda of the SMEs, and also of the government institutions and the universities from the perspective of giving the required support. This study is the continuum of the broad research that is initiated in March 2018. The purpose is to identify the current situation of SMEs in Turkey with respect to their various implementations for Industry 4.0 transformation. A specifically designed questionnaire is applied to SME’s with the support of KOSGEB (Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Development Organization), and in this stage of the research, the companies located in four major cities, namely Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir and Bursa, are analyzed and compared. The study aims to find out the level of awareness and readiness of SMEs in these cities and measure their Industry 4.0 scores. The final target is to support the Industry 4.0 implementations by defining the current situation and proposing suitable actions for adaptation based on varying results.
International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems
In this study, an Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) based clustering algorithm is proposed for solving ... more In this study, an Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) based clustering algorithm is proposed for solving continuous multiple facility location problems. Unlike the original version applied to multivariate data clustering, the ABC based clustering here solves the two-dimensional clustering. On the other hand, the multiple facility location problem the proposed clustering algorithm deals with is aimed to find site locations for healthcare wastes. After applying ABC based clustering algorithm on test data, a real-world facility location problem is solved for identifying healthcare waste disposal facility locations for Istanbul Municipality. Geographical coordinates and healthcare waste amounts of Istanbul hospitals are used to decide the locations of sterilization facilities to be established for reducing the medical waste generated. ABC based clustering is performed for different number of clusters predefined by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, and the total cost—the amount of healthcare w...
16. Üretim Araştırmaları Sempozyumu (ÜAS 2016) Bildiriler Kitabı, 2016
Marka algısı müşterinin markaya dair yargılarını kapsar ve üç alt faktör ile ölçülür. 'İlişki değ... more Marka algısı müşterinin markaya dair yargılarını kapsar ve üç alt faktör ile ölçülür. 'İlişki değeri' müşterinin markaya bağlanmasına neden olan ölçütleri belirler. 'Marka değeri' markanın bilinirliği ve kurumsal etik ile biçimlenir. 'Algılanan objektif değer' müşterinin üründen aldığı toplam faydaya değer biçmesidir ve kalite ile ilişkilidir. Böylece kalitenin arttırılması müşteri algısının yükseltilmesine hizmet edecektir. Kalite Fonksiyonu Göçerimi, müşteri beklentilerini teknik özellikler ile ilişkilendirerek, kalitenin beklentiler doğrultusunda iyileştirilmesini sağlayan bir araçtır. KFG uygulamasıyla yapılacak kalite iyileştirmeleri neticesinde marka algısının arttırılması da başarılacaktır. Bu çalışmada taşınabilir şarj cihazları marka algısının arttırılması için KFG uygulaması yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen anket satış elemanları ve tüketicilerden oluşan iki farklı örneklem gurubu tarafından cevaplanmıştır. Anket sonuçlarıyla müşteri algısı değerlendirilmiş, KFG matrisi yapılandırılarak analiz edilmiştir. Mevcut müşteri algısının üç alt faktör bazında açılımı ve iyileştirme önerileri firmaya sunulmuştur.
Brand perception means the perceptions of the customer for the product and measured with three factors. 'Relationship equity' defines the measures that connect the customer to the product. 'Brand equity' is the results of brand awareness and company ethics. 'Perceived objective value' is described as degree of meeting the customer expectations, and it is associated with the quality term. Hence, improving quality would serve in increased brand perception. Quality Function Deployment is a tool that connects customer requirements with technical specifications, and provides quality improvement towards expectations. Quality improvements with QFD studies would succeed in increasing brand perception. In this study, a QFD study is implemented for increasing brand awareness of mobile power banks. A questionnaire is developed and applied for two different sample groups such as, consumers and sellers. Brand perception is evaluated, QFD matrix is structured and analyzed with the results of the questionnaire. Three factors of the brand perception and improvement proposals are reported to the company.
Kalite kontrol faaliyetlerinde %100 muayenenin çok maliyetli olması, muayenenin uzun sürmesi ve/v... more Kalite kontrol faaliyetlerinde %100 muayenenin çok maliyetli olması, muayenenin uzun sürmesi ve/veya ürünün tahribatı ile sonuçlanması gibi durumlarda örnekleme uygulaması yapılır. Kabul örneklemesi olarak adlandırılan bu istatistiksel yöntem ile amaç parti içinden seçilen örneklem üzerinde yapılan testlerle partinin kabul edilebilirliğinin belirlenmesidir. Kabul örneklemesinin planı uygulanan kontrolün derecesi, parti büyüklüğü, kabul edilen kalite seviyesi gibi faktörlere göre değişir. Bu amaçla standart örnekleme planlarının kullanımının kalite kontrol faaliyetlerinin etkinliğini arttırdığı ifade edilebilir. Bu çalışmada tekstil sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir işletmede kabul örneklemesi uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Söz konusu işletmede fason üretim için yararlanılan tedarikçilerinden gelen farklı parti büyüklüklerindeki ürünlere girdi kontrol işlemleri uygulanmaktadır. Çalışmada kabul örneklemesi faaliyetlerinin uygunluğunu değerlendirmek amacıyla, öncelikle girdi kontrol kayıtlarındaki örnek büyüklükleri ve kararlar incelenmiştir. Daha sonra ANSI/ASQ Z-1.4 (TSE/TS 2756) Standardı bağlamında belirlenen yeni örnekleme planlarına göre uygulanan kontrollerin kabul/red neticeleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Kabul/red oranlarının farklılıkları, hata türlerinin dağılımı ile hata sebeplerinin analizleri işletmeye sunularak, standart örnekleme planlarının kullanımı önerilmiştir.
Sampling is applied in quality control operations due to higher cost, longer duration and product destruction requirements of 100% inspection. This statistical method so called acceptance sampling, targets to determine the acceptability of lot via performed inspections on selected samples. Hence, the use of standard sampling plans improve the effectiveness of quality control activities. In this study, acceptance sampling applications are examined in a textile manufacturer. Incoming quality controls are applied on different sizes of products coming from outsourced suppliers. Initially, sample sizes are examined from incoming control records to evaluate the efficiency of sampling plans. Then, acceptance results due to new sampling plans designed according to ANSI/ASQ Z-1.4 Standard are compared with the initial records. Conflicts in the acceptance rates, distribution of the failure types and the results of cause and effect analysis are proposed to the company, and the application of the new standard sampling plans are reccommended.
Sustainable procurement is the process of meeting the needs of an organisation with the most bene... more Sustainable procurement is the process of meeting the needs of an organisation with the most beneficial monetary value, while mitigating the diverse effects of its operations on society and environment. There are studies which adopt environmental criteria to procurement decisions, whereas, works integrating the three dimensions and discussing the trade-offs between them are scarce. In this paper, the three di- mensions of corporate sustainability; environmentaleeconomicalesocial, are integrated into supplier selection and demand allocation decisions. With their integrated approach, the proposed mathematical models aim to contribute to the relevant literature by analysing different sustainable procurement strategies. Initially, a questionnaire is introduced for measuring the sustainability scores of a company's potential suppliers, and these scores are then used as an input to the models. The developed mixed- integer linear programming models distribute demand to the most sustainable firms in the supplier pool of the company while ensuring minimum procurement cost for the identified strategy. The questionnaire and models are implemented in three companies to interpret the outcomes of different sustainability strategies on the procurement decisions. Selection of the most appropriate strategy is a managerial decision influenced by the varying dynamics of the company and the market conditions. These models demonstrate an easy and practical approach in assisting sustainable procurement. Results are promising in displaying the trade-offs between the sustainability dimensions of different strategies with alternating procurement costs, and can aid the managers to integrate environmental, economical, and social aspects into their supply chain operations.
Intelligent Systems and Decision Making for Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, 2013
In this study four different clustering algorithms are compared with respect to their cost perfor... more In this study four different clustering algorithms are compared with respect to their cost performance for a real world multi facility location problem. First two algorithms are Fuzzy C-Means and Self Organizing Maps. Then, these algorithms are integrated with Center of Gravity Method, named as FCM-COG and SOM-COG. All algorithms are applied to a multi facility location problem for clustering geographical coordinate data of Istanbul hospitals, to serve Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Environmental Management Industrial and Trade Inc. (ISTAÇ) in its medical waste management activities. ISTAÇ will use the results to identify the alternative places of sterilization facilities, and reducing the distance that hazardous wastes are transferred. Clustering is performed for different number of clusters predefined by ISTAÇ, and results are compared with respect to CPU time performance, and total cost which is defined as the amount of waste produced by a hospital, multiplied by its distance to the sterilization facility.
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Papers by Zeynep Gergin
Brand perception means the perceptions of the customer for the product and measured with three factors. 'Relationship equity' defines the measures that connect the customer to the product. 'Brand equity' is the results of brand awareness and company ethics. 'Perceived objective value' is described as degree of meeting the customer expectations, and it is associated with the quality term. Hence, improving quality would serve in increased brand perception. Quality Function Deployment is a tool that connects customer requirements with technical specifications, and provides quality improvement towards expectations. Quality improvements with QFD studies would succeed in increasing brand perception. In this study, a QFD study is implemented for increasing brand awareness of mobile power banks. A questionnaire is developed and applied for two different sample groups such as, consumers and sellers. Brand perception is evaluated, QFD matrix is structured and analyzed with the results of the questionnaire. Three factors of the brand perception and improvement proposals are reported to the company.
Sampling is applied in quality control operations due to higher cost, longer duration and product destruction requirements of 100% inspection. This statistical method so called acceptance sampling, targets to determine the acceptability of lot via performed inspections on selected samples. Hence, the use of standard sampling plans improve the effectiveness of quality control activities. In this study, acceptance sampling applications are examined in a textile manufacturer. Incoming quality controls are applied on different sizes of products coming from outsourced suppliers. Initially, sample sizes are examined from incoming control records to evaluate the efficiency of sampling plans. Then, acceptance results due to new sampling plans designed according to ANSI/ASQ Z-1.4 Standard are compared with the initial records. Conflicts in the acceptance rates, distribution of the failure types and the results of cause and effect analysis are proposed to the company, and the application of the new standard sampling plans are reccommended.
Brand perception means the perceptions of the customer for the product and measured with three factors. 'Relationship equity' defines the measures that connect the customer to the product. 'Brand equity' is the results of brand awareness and company ethics. 'Perceived objective value' is described as degree of meeting the customer expectations, and it is associated with the quality term. Hence, improving quality would serve in increased brand perception. Quality Function Deployment is a tool that connects customer requirements with technical specifications, and provides quality improvement towards expectations. Quality improvements with QFD studies would succeed in increasing brand perception. In this study, a QFD study is implemented for increasing brand awareness of mobile power banks. A questionnaire is developed and applied for two different sample groups such as, consumers and sellers. Brand perception is evaluated, QFD matrix is structured and analyzed with the results of the questionnaire. Three factors of the brand perception and improvement proposals are reported to the company.
Sampling is applied in quality control operations due to higher cost, longer duration and product destruction requirements of 100% inspection. This statistical method so called acceptance sampling, targets to determine the acceptability of lot via performed inspections on selected samples. Hence, the use of standard sampling plans improve the effectiveness of quality control activities. In this study, acceptance sampling applications are examined in a textile manufacturer. Incoming quality controls are applied on different sizes of products coming from outsourced suppliers. Initially, sample sizes are examined from incoming control records to evaluate the efficiency of sampling plans. Then, acceptance results due to new sampling plans designed according to ANSI/ASQ Z-1.4 Standard are compared with the initial records. Conflicts in the acceptance rates, distribution of the failure types and the results of cause and effect analysis are proposed to the company, and the application of the new standard sampling plans are reccommended.