Papers by Elena Bedreag
postfață la Ștefan Lemny, Sensibilitate și istorie în secolul al XVIII-lea românesc, ediția a II-a revăzută, Polirom, 2017
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Copilăria românească între familie și societate (secolele XVII-XIX), coordonator Nicoleta Roman, Nemira, 2015
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South-East Europe through the Centuries: Social History, Contacts of Languages and Cultures, edited by Lora taseva, Penka Danova, Sofia, 2021
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ROMÂNII DIN AFARA GRANIȚELOR ȚĂRII. Europa de lângă noi. Identitate şi multiculturalitate în Bucovina istorică. Familia Hurmuzachi – emblemă a istoriei naționale. Simpozion internațional, Iaşi 20‐22 noiembrie 2009, vol. coord. de Mircea‐Cristian GHENGHEA, Casa Editorială Demiurg Iaşi, 2010, 2010
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Petronel Zahariuc, Laurenţiu Rădvan, Liviu Pilat (editori), Istoria ca pasiune. Studii oferite profesorului Alexandru-Florin Platon la împlinirea a 65 de ani, Editura Universităţii „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” din Iași., 2022
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Genre&Histoire, 2021
De par leurs conséquences et leurs implications, tant au niveau des structures de parenté qu’au n... more De par leurs conséquences et leurs implications, tant au niveau des structures de parenté qu’au niveau de la société dans son ensemble, les divorces et les remariages, comme indicateurs du dynamisme social, constituent des objets de recherche extrêmement importants pour l’histoire de la famille. Le présent article est focalisé sur la Moldavie (l’ancienne province historique, délimitée par les Carpathes à l’Ouest et le fleuve Dniestr à l’Est) principalement sur les xviie et xviiie siècles, mais il concerne aussi le début du xixe siècle, c’est-à-dire jusqu’aux Règlements Organiques. Son objectif est de montrer comment on décidait de la séparation des couples – le divorce orthodoxe (c’est-à-dire dans quelles conditions et quelle était l’instance qui s’en chargeait) et les conséquences qui en découlaient. Les contextes au sein desquels se produisait la séparation des conjoints sont également analysés, de façon à étudier qui demandait le divorce et quels étaient les motifs de celui-ci, mais aussi à circonscrire les conséquences de cette séparation sur la famille et sur la structure et la dynamique des relations de parenté. Si le divorce compliquait ces dernières, il avait aussi des conséquences financières. Au-delà des divers motifs qui menaient au divorce, la scission ou bien la refonte des familles avaient des enjeux économiques et patrimoniaux.
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AU NORD ET AU SUD DU DANUBE. Dynamiques politiques, sociales et religieuses dans le passé, Sous la direction de Snezhana RAKOVA et Gheorghe LAZĂR, 2019
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Journal of population studies, 2020
This study analyses the attitudes of and decisions made by those about to die on the basis of a s... more This study analyses the attitudes of and decisions made by those about to die on the basis of a series of published and unpublished sources such as testaments, probate inventories, trial outcomes, sale deeds, and dowries. The manner in which 18th-century individuals chose to manage and distribute their movable and immovable assets is an indication of the place they occupied in family networks and of the ways in which they interacted with their families and communities. The available documents reveal the types of testamentary discourses used and the legal prescriptions available in the period under consideration, but also showcase an intense religious culture and a constant concern for the salvation of one's souls. Throughout this period, both the state and the church encouraged and endorsed this need for memorialisation through alms-giving and commemorative rites. The study is structured around a set of questions regarding the evolution of testamentary practices, notably that of who was entitled to inherit the so-called "part of the soul" and of how grantees were to spend these donated resources.
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Scopul cercetării de față a fost să scoată la lumină și să așeze în contextul cuvenit o serie de ... more Scopul cercetării de față a fost să scoată la lumină și să așeze în contextul cuvenit o serie de documente, în principal testamente, care să schițeze sau să completeze povestea de viață a unor Sturzești, unii dintre ei adevărați „stâlpi ai țării” în acele vremuri, după cum spune cronicarul. Pe de altă parte, important este de subliniat și modul în care unii boieri sau soții de boieri din veacul al XVIII-lea aleg să-și împartă averea în situația în care ei nu aveau moștenitori direcți.
În diatele despre care va fi vorba în rândurile de mai jos, se observă că se acordă o grijă specială pentru suflet și pentru orânduirea „cu dreptate” a patrimoniului, că familia rămâne unită în momentele grele ale vieții și încearcă păstrarea moșiilor de baștină la cei mai mari dintre frați pentru a fi evitată fragmentarea acestora. Printre rânduri citim și despre metodele folosite de boieri pentru a se sustrage de la plata unor taxe către visteria țării, despre cum făceau față văduvele diferitelor încercări ale sorții, despre asumarea morții ca un lucru firesc (dar și despre cât costa să scapi de osânda spânzurătorii) sau despre cum boierii nu uitau niciodată să ctitorească sau să-și facă pomană cu cei săraci.
Diatele rămân, așadar, o categorie de surse prin care se poate reconstitui (chiar dacă parțial) imaginea societății din unghiuri, altminteri, mai puțin accesibile.
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Annales de démographie historique, 2021
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The History of the Family, 2014
This study analyzes aspects related to family structure and kinship (in particularly, to relation... more This study analyzes aspects related to family structure and kinship (in particularly, to relations between parents and children, but other types than the blood relations) and the influences they had on seventeenth-century Moldavian society. In the first part, the focus is on the practice of adoption that is mainly mentioned in documents through the expression taking into one’s soul and has as its main purpose ensuring posterity and implicitly transmitting patrimony. This analysis is based on juridical disposition and diverse types of documents conserved referring to this practice, trying to outline the importance of this gesture in Early Modern Moldavian society and the nature of the reasons which caused the individual to choose this lineage manner. Also, for a better understanding of the role and the amount of the patrimony inherited by the adopted children in the destiny of a family and its social implications, the method of comparing the adoption in contrast with other spiritual kinships, especially with baptismal sponsorship, has been used.
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SMIM, 2017
Le texte ci-joint suit le destin de quelques personnages du XVIIIe siècle,
à savoir la famille Ru... more Le texte ci-joint suit le destin de quelques personnages du XVIIIe siècle,
à savoir la famille Ruset. Sous la pression des événements, certains membres de cette famille sont partis de Moldavie en Valachie où ils se sont mariés avec des descendants et descendantes de grandes familles valaques. Quelles stratégies matrimoniales ont-ils développé pour s’immiscer parmi les grandes familles de la noblesse valaque et quel genre de rapports ont-ils élaboré avec cette noblesse ? Quel a été le sort de ces membres de la famille Ruset ? Comment se sont-ils adaptés au nouveau milieu social valaque et à qui ont-ils légué leur fortune après la mort? Ce sont les principales questions auxquelles tente de répondre cette étude. Parmi les 11 enfants du Grand Vornic Iordache Ruset, quatre ont choisi leurs épouses ou leurs époux dans les rangs de la noblesse valaque : Nicolae Ruset s’est marié avec Ancuța Brâncoveanu, Ioniță avec Ancuța Filipescu, Victoria avec Pârvu Cantacuzino et Ruxandra avec Barbu Văcărescu. D’autres on fait de même avec leurs enfants: Safta, la fille d’Anastasia et de Nicolae Costin, par exemple, a pris comme mari un boïar valaque de la famille Crețulescu; Catherine, la fille d’Anița et de Constantin Ruset s’est mariée en secondes noces à Constantin Mavrocordat. Le destin de tous ces personnages a été reconstitué à l’aide de maints documents d’archives inédits, dont certains sont publiés en annexe à la présente étude.
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It is well known that the migration of a large number of Levantine-Greek groups to the north of t... more It is well known that the migration of a large number of Levantine-Greek groups to the north of the Danube river (in Walachia as well as in Moldavia), started in the 16th century, influenced and determined important changes in political and social life. An important part of these allogeneous pursued to increase their power by obtaining positions in the administrative system through the support of the prince they followed from Constantinople to Roumanian territories. The consolidation of social and financial situation could not be fulfilled with the help of the prince only, whose destiny, not in few cases, was depending on the complicated context that frequently determined not only a short reign but also a short life. Therefore, building up a solid future was relying in the same time also on the ability of each of them in facing the conjuncture. These foreigners tried to brace their destiny in
Moldavian society (or Walachian society) through various alliance strategies, often by contracting marriages with locals. One example would be that of Iordache Ruset, descendant of the Cuparesti family and who, during his life, succeeded in accumulating, besides fame and important offices, one of the largest patrimonies in Moldavia.
The Iordache’s will, which is presently preserved in two copies, one at the
Roumanian Academy Library, the other at the National Archives, and which I built the present paper on, brings to light important details regarding not only the family and properties but also reveals information about the relations inside his family as well as the testator`s attitudes towards death.
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The asset register (published as annex to the present paper) and the many other documents, which ... more The asset register (published as annex to the present paper) and the many other documents, which show how Iordache Ruset’s patrimony was divided among his heirs, offer important information not only about the size of Ruset’s possessions, but also about the relationships existing between the different family members and the very destiny of this family. Iordache Ruset – whom those who knew him well had nicknamed ‘the originator of all evils’ (matca tuturor răutăților) – was Moldavia’s Great Vornic and High Treasurer at the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. Despite the fact that, as a young man he had started with modest resources, he nonetheless managed
to leave his heirs a substantial fortune, whose extent we have tried to reconstitute here with the help of the asset register, his testament, and the testaments of some of his children. His case is very important – in fact a case in point – to understand how Greco-Levantines who had emigrated to Moldavia and Walachia managed to integrate successfully in the new societies and to be then fully adopted by the autochthons.
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En partant d’un testament laissé par l’un des membres de la famille Catargi, notre étude met en r... more En partant d’un testament laissé par l’un des membres de la famille Catargi, notre étude met en relief certains détails concernant la dynamique des successions héréditaires dans la Moldavie du XVIIIe siècle, et, en même temps, fait ressortir certains aspects concernant le rôle et le statut de la femme dans la société moldave, à la même époque.
La raison qui nous a poussé à faire une analyse plus approfondie de ce document est notre doute concernant le véritable auteur de ce testament. Les éditeurs du Catalogue des documents moldaves des Archives de l’Etat (Catalogul documentelor moldoveneşti din Arhivele Statului) et ceux de la Collection des Nouvelles Acquisitions (Colecţia Achiziţii Noi) ont considéré que l’auteur de ce testament a été Ştefan Catargiul et, par conséquent, ils ont daté le document environ en 1720. La transcription du document et des recherches suppléméntaires dans certains fonds d’archives, ainsi que la relecture de certains documents publiés prouvent, à notre avis, que Ştefan Catargiul est non pas le véritable auteur du testament, mais, en réalité, le père de cet auteur, dont le nom est Apostol Catargiul. En prenant acte de cette constatation, nos recherches ont mis en évidence de nombreux autres aspects concernant la famille élargie de ces deux personnages, comme, par exemple, les procès dans lesquelles ont été engagés certains membres, la conduite des uns par rapport aux autres, les relations entre les frères, entre les veuves de cette famille et leurs beaux-parents, entre les oncles et leurs neveux, les modalités de la gestion des conflits, bref, un chapitre particulièrement intéressant de micro-histoire sociale.
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Starting our research from the analysis of the testamentary discourse from the 17th century Molda... more Starting our research from the analysis of the testamentary discourse from the 17th century Moldavia, the aim of the paper is to identify those aspects that define the relation inside and outside family, precisely the place of a person in the dynamic of family relationships. There are two situations that we identified, which underline very well this matter - the first one deals with those that have no direct heirs and the second one refers to the regulation and the problematic generated by the inheritance of the soul’s part (“partea sufletului”). Taking into account the type of sources and the issues discussed, and bearing in mind that those times are defined first of all by the capacity of a person to own and
dispose of his/her fortune, the present research will focus mostly on the juridical aspects.
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This study analyzes aspects related to family structure and kinship (in particularly, to relation... more This study analyzes aspects related to family structure and kinship (in particularly, to relations between parents and children, but other types than the blood relations) and the influences they had on seventeenth-century Moldavian society. In the first part, the focus is on the practice of adoption that is mainly mentioned in documents through the expression taking into one’s soul and has as its main purpose ensuring posterity and implicitly transmitting patrimony. This analysis is based on juridical disposition and diverse types of documents conserved referring to this practice, trying to outline the importance of this gesture in Early Modern Moldavian society and the nature of the reasons which caused the individual to choose this lineage manner. Also, for a better understanding of the role and the amount of the patrimony inherited by the adopted children in the destiny of a family and its social implications, the method of comparing the adoption in contrast with other spiritual kinships, especially with baptismal sponsorship, has been used.
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Edited books by Elena Bedreag
Editura Academiei Române, 2021
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DRH, B, Tara Romaneasca, vol. XXVIII, 2018
Volumul XXVIII din seria B a colectiei Documenta Romaniae Historica cuprinde un total de 683 docu... more Volumul XXVIII din seria B a colectiei Documenta Romaniae Historica cuprinde un total de 683 documente, rezumate si mentiuni ale unor acte emise in Tara Romaneasca in anii 1641 si 1642.
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by Dan Dumitru Iacob, Constanta Vintila, Mihai-Bogdan Atanasiu, Valentin Constantinov, Bogdan Mateescu, Marius Chelcu, Adrian Magina, Elena Bedreag, daniel paval, Sorin Grigoruta, Daniela Damboiu, Rüsz-Fogarasi Enikő, and Petronel Zahariuc Volumul pe care îl propunem atenției mediului științific, în particular, și publicului, în genera... more Volumul pe care îl propunem atenției mediului științific, în particular, și publicului, în general, cuprinde ca arie tematică principală prezentarea și valorificarea surselor referitoare la patrimoniile materiale și culturale ale elitelor sociale din țările române, din secolele XVI–XIX, cu un accent mai mare pe Moldova și Țara Românească. Atenție se acordă însă și averilor altor categorii sociale, cum ar fi țărănimea și orășenimea, surprinse mai ales pentru Transilvania, precum și patrimoniilor instituționale. Substanța documentării o reprezintă sursele cu caracter patrimonial – în care includem documente diverse, cum ar fi: inventarele de avere, testamentele, foile de zestre, actele de vânzare-cumpărare, condicile de venituri și cheltuieli etc. – din care se pot extrage informații semnificative și detaliate despre dimensiunile, funcțiile și particularitățile averii unei familii sau ale unei instituții, constituirea, compoziția, transferul și dizolvarea unui patrimoniu, potențialul de putere și prestigiu, simbolurile de status social și mecanismele sociale ale distincției, aspectele genealogice, biografice și sociale referitoare la proprietari, practicile sociale și culturale specifice la nivel micro sau macrosocial.
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Papers by Elena Bedreag
În diatele despre care va fi vorba în rândurile de mai jos, se observă că se acordă o grijă specială pentru suflet și pentru orânduirea „cu dreptate” a patrimoniului, că familia rămâne unită în momentele grele ale vieții și încearcă păstrarea moșiilor de baștină la cei mai mari dintre frați pentru a fi evitată fragmentarea acestora. Printre rânduri citim și despre metodele folosite de boieri pentru a se sustrage de la plata unor taxe către visteria țării, despre cum făceau față văduvele diferitelor încercări ale sorții, despre asumarea morții ca un lucru firesc (dar și despre cât costa să scapi de osânda spânzurătorii) sau despre cum boierii nu uitau niciodată să ctitorească sau să-și facă pomană cu cei săraci.
Diatele rămân, așadar, o categorie de surse prin care se poate reconstitui (chiar dacă parțial) imaginea societății din unghiuri, altminteri, mai puțin accesibile.
à savoir la famille Ruset. Sous la pression des événements, certains membres de cette famille sont partis de Moldavie en Valachie où ils se sont mariés avec des descendants et descendantes de grandes familles valaques. Quelles stratégies matrimoniales ont-ils développé pour s’immiscer parmi les grandes familles de la noblesse valaque et quel genre de rapports ont-ils élaboré avec cette noblesse ? Quel a été le sort de ces membres de la famille Ruset ? Comment se sont-ils adaptés au nouveau milieu social valaque et à qui ont-ils légué leur fortune après la mort? Ce sont les principales questions auxquelles tente de répondre cette étude. Parmi les 11 enfants du Grand Vornic Iordache Ruset, quatre ont choisi leurs épouses ou leurs époux dans les rangs de la noblesse valaque : Nicolae Ruset s’est marié avec Ancuța Brâncoveanu, Ioniță avec Ancuța Filipescu, Victoria avec Pârvu Cantacuzino et Ruxandra avec Barbu Văcărescu. D’autres on fait de même avec leurs enfants: Safta, la fille d’Anastasia et de Nicolae Costin, par exemple, a pris comme mari un boïar valaque de la famille Crețulescu; Catherine, la fille d’Anița et de Constantin Ruset s’est mariée en secondes noces à Constantin Mavrocordat. Le destin de tous ces personnages a été reconstitué à l’aide de maints documents d’archives inédits, dont certains sont publiés en annexe à la présente étude.
Moldavian society (or Walachian society) through various alliance strategies, often by contracting marriages with locals. One example would be that of Iordache Ruset, descendant of the Cuparesti family and who, during his life, succeeded in accumulating, besides fame and important offices, one of the largest patrimonies in Moldavia.
The Iordache’s will, which is presently preserved in two copies, one at the
Roumanian Academy Library, the other at the National Archives, and which I built the present paper on, brings to light important details regarding not only the family and properties but also reveals information about the relations inside his family as well as the testator`s attitudes towards death.
to leave his heirs a substantial fortune, whose extent we have tried to reconstitute here with the help of the asset register, his testament, and the testaments of some of his children. His case is very important – in fact a case in point – to understand how Greco-Levantines who had emigrated to Moldavia and Walachia managed to integrate successfully in the new societies and to be then fully adopted by the autochthons.
La raison qui nous a poussé à faire une analyse plus approfondie de ce document est notre doute concernant le véritable auteur de ce testament. Les éditeurs du Catalogue des documents moldaves des Archives de l’Etat (Catalogul documentelor moldoveneşti din Arhivele Statului) et ceux de la Collection des Nouvelles Acquisitions (Colecţia Achiziţii Noi) ont considéré que l’auteur de ce testament a été Ştefan Catargiul et, par conséquent, ils ont daté le document environ en 1720. La transcription du document et des recherches suppléméntaires dans certains fonds d’archives, ainsi que la relecture de certains documents publiés prouvent, à notre avis, que Ştefan Catargiul est non pas le véritable auteur du testament, mais, en réalité, le père de cet auteur, dont le nom est Apostol Catargiul. En prenant acte de cette constatation, nos recherches ont mis en évidence de nombreux autres aspects concernant la famille élargie de ces deux personnages, comme, par exemple, les procès dans lesquelles ont été engagés certains membres, la conduite des uns par rapport aux autres, les relations entre les frères, entre les veuves de cette famille et leurs beaux-parents, entre les oncles et leurs neveux, les modalités de la gestion des conflits, bref, un chapitre particulièrement intéressant de micro-histoire sociale.
dispose of his/her fortune, the present research will focus mostly on the juridical aspects.
Edited books by Elena Bedreag
În diatele despre care va fi vorba în rândurile de mai jos, se observă că se acordă o grijă specială pentru suflet și pentru orânduirea „cu dreptate” a patrimoniului, că familia rămâne unită în momentele grele ale vieții și încearcă păstrarea moșiilor de baștină la cei mai mari dintre frați pentru a fi evitată fragmentarea acestora. Printre rânduri citim și despre metodele folosite de boieri pentru a se sustrage de la plata unor taxe către visteria țării, despre cum făceau față văduvele diferitelor încercări ale sorții, despre asumarea morții ca un lucru firesc (dar și despre cât costa să scapi de osânda spânzurătorii) sau despre cum boierii nu uitau niciodată să ctitorească sau să-și facă pomană cu cei săraci.
Diatele rămân, așadar, o categorie de surse prin care se poate reconstitui (chiar dacă parțial) imaginea societății din unghiuri, altminteri, mai puțin accesibile.
à savoir la famille Ruset. Sous la pression des événements, certains membres de cette famille sont partis de Moldavie en Valachie où ils se sont mariés avec des descendants et descendantes de grandes familles valaques. Quelles stratégies matrimoniales ont-ils développé pour s’immiscer parmi les grandes familles de la noblesse valaque et quel genre de rapports ont-ils élaboré avec cette noblesse ? Quel a été le sort de ces membres de la famille Ruset ? Comment se sont-ils adaptés au nouveau milieu social valaque et à qui ont-ils légué leur fortune après la mort? Ce sont les principales questions auxquelles tente de répondre cette étude. Parmi les 11 enfants du Grand Vornic Iordache Ruset, quatre ont choisi leurs épouses ou leurs époux dans les rangs de la noblesse valaque : Nicolae Ruset s’est marié avec Ancuța Brâncoveanu, Ioniță avec Ancuța Filipescu, Victoria avec Pârvu Cantacuzino et Ruxandra avec Barbu Văcărescu. D’autres on fait de même avec leurs enfants: Safta, la fille d’Anastasia et de Nicolae Costin, par exemple, a pris comme mari un boïar valaque de la famille Crețulescu; Catherine, la fille d’Anița et de Constantin Ruset s’est mariée en secondes noces à Constantin Mavrocordat. Le destin de tous ces personnages a été reconstitué à l’aide de maints documents d’archives inédits, dont certains sont publiés en annexe à la présente étude.
Moldavian society (or Walachian society) through various alliance strategies, often by contracting marriages with locals. One example would be that of Iordache Ruset, descendant of the Cuparesti family and who, during his life, succeeded in accumulating, besides fame and important offices, one of the largest patrimonies in Moldavia.
The Iordache’s will, which is presently preserved in two copies, one at the
Roumanian Academy Library, the other at the National Archives, and which I built the present paper on, brings to light important details regarding not only the family and properties but also reveals information about the relations inside his family as well as the testator`s attitudes towards death.
to leave his heirs a substantial fortune, whose extent we have tried to reconstitute here with the help of the asset register, his testament, and the testaments of some of his children. His case is very important – in fact a case in point – to understand how Greco-Levantines who had emigrated to Moldavia and Walachia managed to integrate successfully in the new societies and to be then fully adopted by the autochthons.
La raison qui nous a poussé à faire une analyse plus approfondie de ce document est notre doute concernant le véritable auteur de ce testament. Les éditeurs du Catalogue des documents moldaves des Archives de l’Etat (Catalogul documentelor moldoveneşti din Arhivele Statului) et ceux de la Collection des Nouvelles Acquisitions (Colecţia Achiziţii Noi) ont considéré que l’auteur de ce testament a été Ştefan Catargiul et, par conséquent, ils ont daté le document environ en 1720. La transcription du document et des recherches suppléméntaires dans certains fonds d’archives, ainsi que la relecture de certains documents publiés prouvent, à notre avis, que Ştefan Catargiul est non pas le véritable auteur du testament, mais, en réalité, le père de cet auteur, dont le nom est Apostol Catargiul. En prenant acte de cette constatation, nos recherches ont mis en évidence de nombreux autres aspects concernant la famille élargie de ces deux personnages, comme, par exemple, les procès dans lesquelles ont été engagés certains membres, la conduite des uns par rapport aux autres, les relations entre les frères, entre les veuves de cette famille et leurs beaux-parents, entre les oncles et leurs neveux, les modalités de la gestion des conflits, bref, un chapitre particulièrement intéressant de micro-histoire sociale.
dispose of his/her fortune, the present research will focus mostly on the juridical aspects.