ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastroint... more ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastrointestinal motility and indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. The extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration that seems to be stronger than cimetidine (50 mg/kg). A significant decrease in gastric acid secretion with concomitant increase in intragastric mucous secretion was produced by the extract at all doses studied. Gastrointestinal motility was significantly reduced in the extract-treated rats. Acute toxicity studies showed there were no deaths either 24 h or 7 days after the application of the extract up to 1600 mg/kg. The results show that Irvingia gabonensis possesses anti-diarrhegenic and anti-ulcer properties. The anti-ulcer property probably act via a reduction in gastric acid secretion and an increase in the intragastric mucous secretion.
Aim To evaluate the effect of methanol extract from the Sphenocentrum jollyanum root on male rep... more Aim To evaluate the effect of methanol extract from the Sphenocentrum jollyanum root on male reproductive activity. Methods Male albino rats were treated orally with distilled water (vehicle for the extract; control) and 50, 100 and 150 mg kg-1 body weight of Sphenocentrum jollyanum root extract for 8 weeks. Each group had its own recovery. Rats were killed 24 h after the
Methods: Male albino mice were infected with 15, 30 and 45%Plasmodium berghei berghei through ino... more Methods: Male albino mice were infected with 15, 30 and 45%Plasmodium berghei berghei through inoculation with 10 7 parasitized red blood cells. Each experiment had its own control that was not infected with P. berghei berghei. Mice infected with 15%P. berghei berghei were ...
The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara L. inhibited both the basal and LH-s... more The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara L. inhibited both the basal and LH-stimulated testosterone secretion of rat Leydig cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Fractionation of the extract by chromatography gave quassin (1) and 2-methoxycanthin-6-one (2); compound 1 proved to be the bioactive agent.
Methyl angolensate (1), the major compound isolated from the methanol extract of the stem bark of... more Methyl angolensate (1), the major compound isolated from the methanol extract of the stem bark of Entandrophragma angolense produced a dose-related inhibition of gastric ulceration, 40 mg/kg body weight (B.W.) being more effective than 40 mg/kg B.W. of propranolol. The highest dose used (80 mg/kg B.W.) completely inhibited gastric ulceration and significantly reduced gastric acidity (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 1 (40 mg/kg B.W.) significantly reduced gastric acid secretion induced by histamine (1.0 mg/kg B.W.) and carbachol (1.0 mg/kg B.W.). These results suggest that 1 produces its antiulcer activity by inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
Studies were undertaken on the effect of a crude (TC) and an alkaloid fraction (TA) of the leaf e... more Studies were undertaken on the effect of a crude (TC) and an alkaloid fraction (TA) of the leaf extracts of Tylophora conspicua on indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration and gastric acid secretion in male albino rats. Both the TC and TA produced a dose-dependent inhibition of gastric ulceration. At a dose level of 40 mg/kg TC and TA were more effective (TA being more potent) than propranolol in inhibiting gastric ulceration. The highest dose of the extracts used (80 mg/kg) completely inhibited gastric ulceration. Intravenous administration of the TC and TA significantly decreased acid output at low dose (20 mg/kg), medium dose (40 mg/kg) and high dose (80 mg/kg) from the peak basal of 0.54 +/- 0.02 mEq/L/min to 0. 49 +/- 0.02 mEq/L/min, 0.35 +/- 0.01 mEq/L/min and 0.21 +/- 0.02 Meq/L/min respectively. 80 mg/kg of TC and TA significantly reduced the histamine (1 mg/kg) induced gastric acid secretion. The results suggest that the antiulcer activity of Tylophora conspicua might be produced by gastric acid inhibition.
ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastroint... more ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastrointestinal motility and indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. The extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration that seems to be stronger than cimetidine (50 mg/kg). A significant decrease in gastric acid secretion with concomitant increase in intragastric mucous secretion was produced by the extract at all doses studied. Gastrointestinal motility was significantly reduced in the extract-treated rats. Acute toxicity studies showed there were no deaths either 24 h or 7 days after the application of the extract up to 1600 mg/kg. The results show that Irvingia gabonensis possesses anti-diarrhegenic and anti-ulcer properties. The anti-ulcer property probably act via a reduction in gastric acid secretion and an increase in the intragastric mucous secretion.
The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara. L. (A-1) significantly caused a red... more The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara. L. (A-1) significantly caused a reduction in the weight of the testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle, but an increase in that of the anterior pituitary gland. Epididymal sperm counts, serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly reduced when the rats were treated with the extract. Furthermore the basal and LH-stimulated testosterone secretion of Leydig cells isolated from rats pretreated with the extract was inhibited. These changes seemed to be restored eight weeks after the withdrawal from extract treatments. Two compounds - quassin and 2-methoxycanthin-6-one were isolated after fractionation of A-1. Quassin produced similar biological actions as the crude extract while the effects of 2-methoxycanthin-6-one did not seem to differ from those of the control. Quassin appears to be the antifertility principle of Quassia amara.
The effect of Azadirachta indica extract on gastric ulceration was studied in albino rats. Azadir... more The effect of Azadirachta indica extract on gastric ulceration was studied in albino rats. Azadirachta indica extract (100-800 mg/kg p.o., 100-25 mg/kg i.p.) significantly inhibited gastric ulceration induced by indomethacin (40 mg/kg). Administration of 800 mg/kg p.o. and 250 mg/kg i.p. caused 100% cytoprotection against indomethacin (40mg/kg, i.p.)-induced gastric ulceration. This action was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in total gastric acidity. In order to investigate the probable mechanism of Azadirachta indica antiulcer activity, the effect of the extract alone and in combination with histamine (1mg/kg) and cimetidine (0.12 mg/kg) on gastric acid secretion in situ was studied. Azadirachta indica (250 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the basal and histamine-induced gastric acid secretion. Cimetidine seemed to augment Azadirachta indica inhibition of gastric acid secretion. The results suggest that the stem bark extract of Azadirachta indica possesses antiulcer agents, which probably act via histamine H(2) receptor.
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 2000
Ameliorative Role of Vitamin E on Adverse ... Shakiru Ademola Salami, University of Ibadan Nigeri... more Ameliorative Role of Vitamin E on Adverse ... Shakiru Ademola Salami, University of Ibadan Nigeria ... Rahmat Adetutu Adisa, University of Ibadan Nigeria ... Recommended Citation: Raji, Yinusa; Salami, Shakiru Ademola; and Adisa, Rahmat Adetutu (2009) "Ameliorative ...
... Olajide AO, Awe, SO, Makinde, JM, Ekhelar, AI, Olusola, A, Morebise, O, and Okpako, DT (2000 ... more ... Olajide AO, Awe, SO, Makinde, JM, Ekhelar, AI, Olusola, A, Morebise, O, and Okpako, DT (2000 ... Akpantah, AO, Oremosu, AA, Ajala, MO, Noronha, CC, Okanlawon, AO (2003): The effect of crude extract of Garcinia kola seed on the histology and hormonal milieu of male Sprague ...
To investigate the effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed (RCE) on male rats reprodu... more To investigate the effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed (RCE) on male rats reproductive functions. Thirty-two male albino rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were gavaged with 0.2 mL of 2.5% tween 80 (RCE vehicle; control) or 20 mg/(kg x d) and 40 mg/(kg x d) of RCE, respectively, for 30 days, and group 4 was also gavaged with 40 mg/(kg x d) of RCE, but was allowed a recovery period of 30 days. Five untreated female rats were cohabited with male rats in each group from day 25 of RCE treatment for 5 days, except group 4, where cohabitation began on day 25 of the recovery period. All male rats were sacrificed 24 h after the experiments. The female rats were laparotomized on day 19 of pregnancy and the number and weight of litters were recorded. There was a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the weight of the reproductive organs, sperm functions and serum levels of testosterone in RCE treated rats. There was disorganization in the cytoarchitecture of the testes, disruption of the seminiferous tubules and erosion of the germinal epithelium. The number and weight of litters of rats in groups 2 and 4 decreased significantly (P<0.05) but no changes were observed in group 3. RCE caused no changes in liver, kidney, heart or body weights in male rats. RCE has a reversible negative impact on male reproductive functions, which appears to be mediated via gonadal disruption in testosterone secretion.
The toxicity of proguanil was studied on reproductive activities in male rats using in vivo and i... more The toxicity of proguanil was studied on reproductive activities in male rats using in vivo and in vitro methods. Groups of ten to twelve-week-old rats were administered proguanil (2.9mg/kg body weight) daily for 5 days and 6 weeks respectively. Thereafter, body and reproductive organ weights were taken, sperm parameters were analyzed, while the histology of the testis and epididymis were carried out. Also, serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were determined. Sertoli cells obtained from sixteen to eighteen day-old-rats were cultured and treated with 0.3μM to 10μM of proguanil for 5 days after which Sertoli cell viability and nuclei integrity were determined. Also, the genetic expressions of transferrin and Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (G.D.N.F.) were assessed. The data obtained were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Students-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. The results showed duration dependent significant decrease in body and organ weights and also in sperm parameters. Serum testosterone level was significantly decreased while luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone showed no significant change. Duration dependent degeneration was also observed in the testis and epididymis of treated rats. These changes were restored in recovery experiment. Viability and DNA integrity of treated Sertoli cells reduced in a dose and duration dependent manner. However, the genetic expressions of transferrin and Glial cell line-derived neurotropic factor were normal. These results show that proguanil could induce infertility in rats which may act by distorting the blood – testis barrier formed by the Sertoli cells.
ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastroint... more ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastrointestinal motility and indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. The extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration that seems to be stronger than cimetidine (50 mg/kg). A significant decrease in gastric acid secretion with concomitant increase in intragastric mucous secretion was produced by the extract at all doses studied. Gastrointestinal motility was significantly reduced in the extract-treated rats. Acute toxicity studies showed there were no deaths either 24 h or 7 days after the application of the extract up to 1600 mg/kg. The results show that Irvingia gabonensis possesses anti-diarrhegenic and anti-ulcer properties. The anti-ulcer property probably act via a reduction in gastric acid secretion and an increase in the intragastric mucous secretion.
Aim To evaluate the effect of methanol extract from the Sphenocentrum jollyanum root on male rep... more Aim To evaluate the effect of methanol extract from the Sphenocentrum jollyanum root on male reproductive activity. Methods Male albino rats were treated orally with distilled water (vehicle for the extract; control) and 50, 100 and 150 mg kg-1 body weight of Sphenocentrum jollyanum root extract for 8 weeks. Each group had its own recovery. Rats were killed 24 h after the
Methods: Male albino mice were infected with 15, 30 and 45%Plasmodium berghei berghei through ino... more Methods: Male albino mice were infected with 15, 30 and 45%Plasmodium berghei berghei through inoculation with 10 7 parasitized red blood cells. Each experiment had its own control that was not infected with P. berghei berghei. Mice infected with 15%P. berghei berghei were ...
The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara L. inhibited both the basal and LH-s... more The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara L. inhibited both the basal and LH-stimulated testosterone secretion of rat Leydig cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Fractionation of the extract by chromatography gave quassin (1) and 2-methoxycanthin-6-one (2); compound 1 proved to be the bioactive agent.
Methyl angolensate (1), the major compound isolated from the methanol extract of the stem bark of... more Methyl angolensate (1), the major compound isolated from the methanol extract of the stem bark of Entandrophragma angolense produced a dose-related inhibition of gastric ulceration, 40 mg/kg body weight (B.W.) being more effective than 40 mg/kg B.W. of propranolol. The highest dose used (80 mg/kg B.W.) completely inhibited gastric ulceration and significantly reduced gastric acidity (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 1 (40 mg/kg B.W.) significantly reduced gastric acid secretion induced by histamine (1.0 mg/kg B.W.) and carbachol (1.0 mg/kg B.W.). These results suggest that 1 produces its antiulcer activity by inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
Studies were undertaken on the effect of a crude (TC) and an alkaloid fraction (TA) of the leaf e... more Studies were undertaken on the effect of a crude (TC) and an alkaloid fraction (TA) of the leaf extracts of Tylophora conspicua on indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration and gastric acid secretion in male albino rats. Both the TC and TA produced a dose-dependent inhibition of gastric ulceration. At a dose level of 40 mg/kg TC and TA were more effective (TA being more potent) than propranolol in inhibiting gastric ulceration. The highest dose of the extracts used (80 mg/kg) completely inhibited gastric ulceration. Intravenous administration of the TC and TA significantly decreased acid output at low dose (20 mg/kg), medium dose (40 mg/kg) and high dose (80 mg/kg) from the peak basal of 0.54 +/- 0.02 mEq/L/min to 0. 49 +/- 0.02 mEq/L/min, 0.35 +/- 0.01 mEq/L/min and 0.21 +/- 0.02 Meq/L/min respectively. 80 mg/kg of TC and TA significantly reduced the histamine (1 mg/kg) induced gastric acid secretion. The results suggest that the antiulcer activity of Tylophora conspicua might be produced by gastric acid inhibition.
ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastroint... more ABSTRACT The crude methanol extract of Irvingia gabonensis was evaluated for effects on gastrointestinal motility and indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. The extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration that seems to be stronger than cimetidine (50 mg/kg). A significant decrease in gastric acid secretion with concomitant increase in intragastric mucous secretion was produced by the extract at all doses studied. Gastrointestinal motility was significantly reduced in the extract-treated rats. Acute toxicity studies showed there were no deaths either 24 h or 7 days after the application of the extract up to 1600 mg/kg. The results show that Irvingia gabonensis possesses anti-diarrhegenic and anti-ulcer properties. The anti-ulcer property probably act via a reduction in gastric acid secretion and an increase in the intragastric mucous secretion.
The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara. L. (A-1) significantly caused a red... more The crude methanol extract of the stem wood of Quassia amara. L. (A-1) significantly caused a reduction in the weight of the testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle, but an increase in that of the anterior pituitary gland. Epididymal sperm counts, serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly reduced when the rats were treated with the extract. Furthermore the basal and LH-stimulated testosterone secretion of Leydig cells isolated from rats pretreated with the extract was inhibited. These changes seemed to be restored eight weeks after the withdrawal from extract treatments. Two compounds - quassin and 2-methoxycanthin-6-one were isolated after fractionation of A-1. Quassin produced similar biological actions as the crude extract while the effects of 2-methoxycanthin-6-one did not seem to differ from those of the control. Quassin appears to be the antifertility principle of Quassia amara.
The effect of Azadirachta indica extract on gastric ulceration was studied in albino rats. Azadir... more The effect of Azadirachta indica extract on gastric ulceration was studied in albino rats. Azadirachta indica extract (100-800 mg/kg p.o., 100-25 mg/kg i.p.) significantly inhibited gastric ulceration induced by indomethacin (40 mg/kg). Administration of 800 mg/kg p.o. and 250 mg/kg i.p. caused 100% cytoprotection against indomethacin (40mg/kg, i.p.)-induced gastric ulceration. This action was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in total gastric acidity. In order to investigate the probable mechanism of Azadirachta indica antiulcer activity, the effect of the extract alone and in combination with histamine (1mg/kg) and cimetidine (0.12 mg/kg) on gastric acid secretion in situ was studied. Azadirachta indica (250 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the basal and histamine-induced gastric acid secretion. Cimetidine seemed to augment Azadirachta indica inhibition of gastric acid secretion. The results suggest that the stem bark extract of Azadirachta indica possesses antiulcer agents, which probably act via histamine H(2) receptor.
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 2000
Ameliorative Role of Vitamin E on Adverse ... Shakiru Ademola Salami, University of Ibadan Nigeri... more Ameliorative Role of Vitamin E on Adverse ... Shakiru Ademola Salami, University of Ibadan Nigeria ... Rahmat Adetutu Adisa, University of Ibadan Nigeria ... Recommended Citation: Raji, Yinusa; Salami, Shakiru Ademola; and Adisa, Rahmat Adetutu (2009) "Ameliorative ...
... Olajide AO, Awe, SO, Makinde, JM, Ekhelar, AI, Olusola, A, Morebise, O, and Okpako, DT (2000 ... more ... Olajide AO, Awe, SO, Makinde, JM, Ekhelar, AI, Olusola, A, Morebise, O, and Okpako, DT (2000 ... Akpantah, AO, Oremosu, AA, Ajala, MO, Noronha, CC, Okanlawon, AO (2003): The effect of crude extract of Garcinia kola seed on the histology and hormonal milieu of male Sprague ...
To investigate the effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed (RCE) on male rats reprodu... more To investigate the effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed (RCE) on male rats reproductive functions. Thirty-two male albino rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were gavaged with 0.2 mL of 2.5% tween 80 (RCE vehicle; control) or 20 mg/(kg x d) and 40 mg/(kg x d) of RCE, respectively, for 30 days, and group 4 was also gavaged with 40 mg/(kg x d) of RCE, but was allowed a recovery period of 30 days. Five untreated female rats were cohabited with male rats in each group from day 25 of RCE treatment for 5 days, except group 4, where cohabitation began on day 25 of the recovery period. All male rats were sacrificed 24 h after the experiments. The female rats were laparotomized on day 19 of pregnancy and the number and weight of litters were recorded. There was a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the weight of the reproductive organs, sperm functions and serum levels of testosterone in RCE treated rats. There was disorganization in the cytoarchitecture of the testes, disruption of the seminiferous tubules and erosion of the germinal epithelium. The number and weight of litters of rats in groups 2 and 4 decreased significantly (P<0.05) but no changes were observed in group 3. RCE caused no changes in liver, kidney, heart or body weights in male rats. RCE has a reversible negative impact on male reproductive functions, which appears to be mediated via gonadal disruption in testosterone secretion.
The toxicity of proguanil was studied on reproductive activities in male rats using in vivo and i... more The toxicity of proguanil was studied on reproductive activities in male rats using in vivo and in vitro methods. Groups of ten to twelve-week-old rats were administered proguanil (2.9mg/kg body weight) daily for 5 days and 6 weeks respectively. Thereafter, body and reproductive organ weights were taken, sperm parameters were analyzed, while the histology of the testis and epididymis were carried out. Also, serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were determined. Sertoli cells obtained from sixteen to eighteen day-old-rats were cultured and treated with 0.3μM to 10μM of proguanil for 5 days after which Sertoli cell viability and nuclei integrity were determined. Also, the genetic expressions of transferrin and Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (G.D.N.F.) were assessed. The data obtained were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Students-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. The results showed duration dependent significant decrease in body and organ weights and also in sperm parameters. Serum testosterone level was significantly decreased while luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone showed no significant change. Duration dependent degeneration was also observed in the testis and epididymis of treated rats. These changes were restored in recovery experiment. Viability and DNA integrity of treated Sertoli cells reduced in a dose and duration dependent manner. However, the genetic expressions of transferrin and Glial cell line-derived neurotropic factor were normal. These results show that proguanil could induce infertility in rats which may act by distorting the blood – testis barrier formed by the Sertoli cells.
Uploads