Orthodontic

Objective
This meta-analysis aimed at critically assessing currently available evidence regarding the overall effectiveness of Piezocision in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement, as well as the adverse effects of this intervention in orthodontic patients.
Search methods
Electronic search of 6 databases and additional manual searches up to April 2019 without restrictions, also update the search was done by 20th November.
Selection criteria
Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and controlled clinical trials (CCT) reporting piezocision- assisted orthodontics versus conventional orthodontics were included in the review.
Data collection and analysis
The data are expressed by mean differences (MD), 95% confidence intervals, fixed-effect model or random-effect model in the meta-analysis in regard to statistical heterogeneity analyses (tau2, and I2). Included randomized studies were assessed for risk of bias using the new Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (ROB.2) and the non-randomized studies were assessed using (ROBINS I) tool. The studies were graded according to the GRADE approach.
Results
Fourteen papers for 13 unique trials were included in this systematic review and eight stud- ies were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the mean difference of the canine retraction rate in the first and second month after piezocision was 0.66 mm/ month and 0.48mm/month, respectively. A total canine retraction rate in the first two months after piezocision was statistically significant (0.57 mm/month, p<0.00001), favoring thepiezocision group with a high heterogeneity between studies I2 = 69%. For the total treat- ment time outcome measure, there was a statistically significant difference in the overall treatment time (MD 101.64 Days, 95% CI, 59.24–144.06) favoring the piezocision group.
Conclusions
Low quality evidence suggests that piezocision is an effective surgical procedure in acceler- ating the rate of canine retraction in the first two months and reducing the treatment dura- tion. However, this effect appears to be clinically insignificant.
Systematic review registration
CRD42019136303.

Introduction. The determination of skeletal maturity stages is very important in orthodontic treatment planning, especially skeletal discrepancies in growing individuals. A hand-wrist radiograph is considered the most accurate approach for skeletal maturity detection. Dental calcification stages have been suggested as an alternative diagnostic method to decrease radiation exposure. The recent study is aimed at detecting the efficacy of dental calcification stages in assessing skeletal maturity during the prepubertal and pubertal growth periods. Methods. Patients’ records were collected from the Aleppo Orthodontic Center. Dental maturity stages were assessed from a panoramic radiograph using the Demirjian method, while skeletal maturity stages were determined using the Björk method. Four permanent left mandibular teeth were included (canine, 1st premolar, 2nd premolar, and 2nd molar) for the study. Results. From 517 records, 295 records (145 males and 150 females) were included. The ...

Objective: To identify and evaluate the body of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of surgical adjunctive procedures (SAPs) in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Data sources: Unrestricted search of three electronic databases and manual search up to 12 June 2020 were undertaken. Data selection: All systematic reviews of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials that investigate the effectiveness of the SAPs in accelerating OTM were included. Data extraction: Study selection and data extraction were undertaken independently and in duplicate by two reviewers. A random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was generated for comparable outcomes. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the included studies using AMSTAR2 and GRADE. Results: Fourteen systematic reviews were included; however, four systematic reviews were assessed quantitatively. Meta-analysis showed that mean difference (MD) of canine retraction rate, for the first month after SAPs, was mi...

BACKGROUND In orthodontic trials, longitudinal designs with multiple outcome measurements over time are common. The aim of this epidemiological study was to examine whether optimal statistical analysis approaches have been used in longitudinal orthodontic trials. METHODS Pubmed was searched in August 2021 for longitudinal orthodontic trials with at least three time points of outcome assessment published in the 2017-20 period. Study selection and data extraction were done independently and in duplicate. The analysis approaches undertaken were tabulated and associations between study characteristics and the use of optimal analysis or not were assessed using Fisher&#39;s exact test and logistic regression. RESULTS One hundred forty-seven out of 563 unique records were deemed eligible for inclusion. Only 26.50% of these trials used an optimal statistical analysis for longitudinal data where the data structure is accounted for. None of the study characteristics except the statistical sig...

Failure of brackets is a common problem in orthodontics. This affects the treatment time, cost, and compliance of the patient. This study was conducted to estimate the bracket failure rate and the related factors for the long term. Methodology. This ambidirectional cohort study included 150 nonsyndromic orthodontic patients undergoing fixed appliance therapy for the last two years. The same patients were followed for 7 months. Different variables related to bracket failure were evaluated. The available data were analyzed descriptively, and the Kaplan-Meier estimate was used to measure the bracket survival rate from the date of bonding to failure. Results. A total of 180 bracket bond failures in the 150 included patients (52.2% males and 47.8% females) with a median age of 17 years (range 10-25 years). 69% of brackets failures were reported within the first 6 months after bonding. About 58.3% of bracket failure was noticed in adolescent patients before the age of 18 years. The majori...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-joo-10.1177_1465312520988735 for The effectiveness of surgical adjunctive procedures in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis by Samer Mheissen, Haris Khan, Ahmad Saleem Alsafadi and Mohammed Almuzian in Journal of Orthodontics

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-joo-10.1177_1465312520988735 for The effectiveness of surgical adjunctive procedures in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis by Samer Mheissen, Haris Khan, Ahmad Saleem Alsafadi and Mohammed Almuzian in Journal of Orthodontics

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-joo-10.1177_1465312520988735 for The effectiveness of surgical adjunctive procedures in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis by Samer Mheissen, Haris Khan, Ahmad Saleem Alsafadi and Mohammed Almuzian in Journal of Orthodontics

Objectives To examine whether optimal calculations of the sample size are being used in longitudinal orthodontic trials. Materials and Methods Longitudinal orthodontic trials with a minimum of three time points of outcome assessment published between January 1, 2017, and December 30, 2020, were sourced from a single electronic database. Study characteristics at the level of each trial were undertaken independently and in duplicate. Descriptive statistics and summary values were calculated. Inferential statistics (Fisher&#39;s exact test and logistic regression) were applied to detect associations between reporting of a sample size calculation and the study characteristics. Results A total of 147 trials were analyzed; 75.5% of these trials reported a sample size calculation with none reporting optimal sample size calculation for longitudinal trials. Most of the longitudinal orthodontic trials did not report the correlation and the number of longitudinal measurements in calculating th...

Design Systematic review for randomised and non-randomised studies. Data sources Eight electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Google Scholar, Clinical Trials and OpenGrey were searched without language or date restrictions during the search, in addition to hand-searching. Study selection Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials (RCTs and non-RCTs) and cross-sectional studies that compare pain levels between fixed appliances and clear aligners during orthodontic treatment in adults patients. Data extraction and synthesis The reviewers followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The study selection was done by two reviewers. The reviewers assessed the risk of bias using three risk of bias tools (ROB.2 tool for RCTs, ROBINS-I tool for non-RCTs and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cross-sectional studies). Results Seven studies were included in this review. Five studies were non-RCTs, one was an RCT and one study was a cross-sectional design. The risk of bias was moderate to high in the non-RCTs, low in the RCT and low for the cross-sectional study. All studies used the same type of aligners (Invisalign aligner) and they differed in the fixed appliance type and archwire sequences. However, meta-analysis was not possible. In the first 24 hours of treatment, four studies revealed that the pain is higher in the fixed appliance group. During days three and four, two studies reported a higher level of pain in a fixed appliance group. On days five to seven, only one study reported a higher level of pain in a fixed appliance group. On day 14, two studies evaluated pain levels and reported that there is no difference between the two groups. Conclusions With low certainty, patients treated with clear aligners seems to have less pain perception than patients treated with conventional fixed appliances during the first days of treatment. There were no noticeable differences up to three months between the two groups. Furthermore, the malocclusion was not described in detail in the individual studies, which may play a role in pain level differences.

Objectives Understanding the issues concerning the conducting of virtual orthodontic learning sessions (VOLSs) is essential. This study aims to identify attendees- and host-related aspects that could optimise learning and uptake from the VOLSs. Methodology Fourteen pre-validated questions were anonymously and electronically sent to 3000 orthodontic residents and specialists globally. The survey included demographic questions and questions to gauge attendees&#39; engagement, memorising, and motivation-related factors. Reminders were sent at two-week intervals to non-respondents. The survey was closed when the sample size was met. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Results 593 orthodontic residents and specialists (294 males and 299 females), primarily junior orthodontists and residents aged between 25 and 35 years of age, completed the survey. Post-VOLS recording was highly requested by the participants (8.84/10, 95% CI 8.67–9.00) with no significant influence of ...

Background Autologous platelet-rich concentrates (PRCs) are recently used as a local biological substance in orthodontics to accelerate the rate of tooth movement. Objectives This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of PRCs on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Search methods Unrestricted search of five electronic databases supplemented by the manual and gray literature search were undertaken in March 2022. Selection criteria Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of PRCs on the rate of OTM with their side effect were included in this systematic review. Data collection and analysis Data items were extracted by two authors using a pre-piloted extraction form. Similar outcomes within a comparable time frame were synthesized in a meta-analysis. Results Fourteen studies were deemed eligible for inclusion and seven RCTs were pooled in a meta-analysis. Canine retraction rate was higher in the side of PRCs injection than the control side by 0.28 mm...