Despite the gradual decline of the poverty rate in the United States in recent years, rising hous... more Despite the gradual decline of the poverty rate in the United States in recent years, rising housing costs have continued to make access to affordable housing a substantial problem across the count...
The availability of insurance in urban communities has long been a contested public policy issue.... more The availability of insurance in urban communities has long been a contested public policy issue. One of the central points of contention has been the value of publicly avail-able data on the geographic distribution of property insurance policies. This debate has intensified ...
Public awareness may contribute to enforcement of fair housing law. But available resources would... more Public awareness may contribute to enforcement of fair housing law. But available resources would be more productively used if they were invested directly in more aggressive and innovative law enforcement activities. Emerging debates over land use practices, particularly those pertaining to sprawl and affordable housing, may create new avenues for fair housing activity. The overriding challenge for the fair housing
Foreclosure rates persist at high levels, segregation remains a central organizing feature of met... more Foreclosure rates persist at high levels, segregation remains a central organizing feature of metropolitan regions, and a variety of health problems continue to plague metropolitan regions across the United States. Each of these issues is the subject of much policy debate and scholarly research. Missing from most of this discussion, however, is the intersection of these social forces. In recent years, a connection between foreclosures and health has been documented. A question that arises and is explored in this research is whether the impact of foreclosures on health is exacerbated by various measures of inequality. This article examines the emerging impact of foreclosures on health and the longstanding effects of racial and socioeconomic inequality (e.g., racial segregation, concentration of poverty, and income inequality) on health in major metropolitan areas. More importantly, multivariate statistical analyses are conducted to determine whether, and the extent to which, these in...
... DC 20037 Editorial Advisory Board William Gorham Demetra S. Nightingale Craig G. Coelen Georg... more ... DC 20037 Editorial Advisory Board William Gorham Demetra S. Nightingale Craig G. Coelen George E. Peterson Adele V. Harrell Felicity Skidmore ... Robert C. Miller Lucio Noto Hugh B. Price Sol Price Robert M. Solow Dick Thornburgh Judy Woodruff LIFE TRUSTEES Warren E ...
The Review of Black Political Economy, Dec 1, 1988
Insurance redlining and the racially discriminatory consequences of the sale of property insuranc... more Insurance redlining and the racially discriminatory consequences of the sale of property insurance have been documented in several cities throughout the United States. In this study teams of “testers”—comparably qualified insurance consumers who differed only in the racial composition of the neighborhood of the homes they sought to insure—contacted three Milwaukee area insurance companies regarding the possibility of purchasing insurance for their homes. Though no blatantly discriminatory behavior was exhibited, ...
It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. ... more It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. In this case, although the visual presentation will be degraded, the site should continue to be functional. We recommend using the latest version of Microsoft or Mozilla web browser to ...
Financial institutions play a critical role in determining the viability of urban communities. As... more Financial institutions play a critical role in determining the viability of urban communities. As is the case with the geographic distribution of mortgage and business loans, insurance redlining constitutes a major force in fueling the uneven development of metropolitan areas. This article examines the racial effects of insurance underwriting activity in a large midwestern metropolitan area. In analyzing the distribution of homeowners insurance policies, a strong bias in favor of suburban and white neighborhoods and ...
Insurance redlining exacerbates economic decline and impedes revitalization of urban neighborhood... more Insurance redlining exacerbates economic decline and impedes revitalization of urban neighborhoods throughout the United States. One significant barrier to the availability of insurance is the movement of sales representatives from inner-city to suburban locations. In examining the changing pattern of insurance agency locations within the Milwaukee metropolitan area, the authors find that racial composition of neighborhood is associated with agency location even after the effects of family income, condition of housing, and ...
ABSTRACT: Racially discriminatory mortgage lending patterns have been documented in several citie... more ABSTRACT: Racially discriminatory mortgage lending patterns have been documented in several cities, despite the fact that such practices are illegal under the Federal Fair Housing Act and other federal and state laws. This study finds that in Milwaukee, as in several other metropolitan areas, racial composition of neighborhood is negatively associated with mortgage lending activity by depository institutions even after the effects of income, condition of housing, and related population and neighborhood characteristics are taken into ...
Background: Providing an adequate supply of affordable housing has become an increasingly difficu... more Background: Providing an adequate supply of affordable housing has become an increasingly difficult challenge for US cities. Inclusionary zoning (IZ) policies have become an increasingly popular response. Substantial research has demonstrated the health benefits of stable, affordable housing. There is anecdotal but not systematic evidence that IZ policies may be associated with some health benefits of affordable housing. Methods: We rely on data from the 2017 500 Cities Project, the 2016 to 2017 Lincoln Institute for Land Policy survey, and the 2011 to 2015 American Community Survey. We perform bivariate tests and cluster ordinary least squares regression to examine associations at the municipal level between having inclusionary zoning (IZ) policies, the attributes of those policies, and the prevalence of several cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Cardiovascular outcomes and socioeconomic characteristics were uniformly better in cities with IZ policies. IZ policies were associated wi...
... The dummy variable TYPE is set to zero if the institution is a commercial bank and to one if ... more ... The dummy variable TYPE is set to zero if the institution is a commercial bank and to one if it is a savings institution or mortgage broker. The latter types of institutions con-centrate more on mortgages than commercial banks do. ...
Despite the gradual decline of the poverty rate in the United States in recent years, rising hous... more Despite the gradual decline of the poverty rate in the United States in recent years, rising housing costs have continued to make access to affordable housing a substantial problem across the count...
The availability of insurance in urban communities has long been a contested public policy issue.... more The availability of insurance in urban communities has long been a contested public policy issue. One of the central points of contention has been the value of publicly avail-able data on the geographic distribution of property insurance policies. This debate has intensified ...
Public awareness may contribute to enforcement of fair housing law. But available resources would... more Public awareness may contribute to enforcement of fair housing law. But available resources would be more productively used if they were invested directly in more aggressive and innovative law enforcement activities. Emerging debates over land use practices, particularly those pertaining to sprawl and affordable housing, may create new avenues for fair housing activity. The overriding challenge for the fair housing
Foreclosure rates persist at high levels, segregation remains a central organizing feature of met... more Foreclosure rates persist at high levels, segregation remains a central organizing feature of metropolitan regions, and a variety of health problems continue to plague metropolitan regions across the United States. Each of these issues is the subject of much policy debate and scholarly research. Missing from most of this discussion, however, is the intersection of these social forces. In recent years, a connection between foreclosures and health has been documented. A question that arises and is explored in this research is whether the impact of foreclosures on health is exacerbated by various measures of inequality. This article examines the emerging impact of foreclosures on health and the longstanding effects of racial and socioeconomic inequality (e.g., racial segregation, concentration of poverty, and income inequality) on health in major metropolitan areas. More importantly, multivariate statistical analyses are conducted to determine whether, and the extent to which, these in...
... DC 20037 Editorial Advisory Board William Gorham Demetra S. Nightingale Craig G. Coelen Georg... more ... DC 20037 Editorial Advisory Board William Gorham Demetra S. Nightingale Craig G. Coelen George E. Peterson Adele V. Harrell Felicity Skidmore ... Robert C. Miller Lucio Noto Hugh B. Price Sol Price Robert M. Solow Dick Thornburgh Judy Woodruff LIFE TRUSTEES Warren E ...
The Review of Black Political Economy, Dec 1, 1988
Insurance redlining and the racially discriminatory consequences of the sale of property insuranc... more Insurance redlining and the racially discriminatory consequences of the sale of property insurance have been documented in several cities throughout the United States. In this study teams of “testers”—comparably qualified insurance consumers who differed only in the racial composition of the neighborhood of the homes they sought to insure—contacted three Milwaukee area insurance companies regarding the possibility of purchasing insurance for their homes. Though no blatantly discriminatory behavior was exhibited, ...
It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. ... more It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. In this case, although the visual presentation will be degraded, the site should continue to be functional. We recommend using the latest version of Microsoft or Mozilla web browser to ...
Financial institutions play a critical role in determining the viability of urban communities. As... more Financial institutions play a critical role in determining the viability of urban communities. As is the case with the geographic distribution of mortgage and business loans, insurance redlining constitutes a major force in fueling the uneven development of metropolitan areas. This article examines the racial effects of insurance underwriting activity in a large midwestern metropolitan area. In analyzing the distribution of homeowners insurance policies, a strong bias in favor of suburban and white neighborhoods and ...
Insurance redlining exacerbates economic decline and impedes revitalization of urban neighborhood... more Insurance redlining exacerbates economic decline and impedes revitalization of urban neighborhoods throughout the United States. One significant barrier to the availability of insurance is the movement of sales representatives from inner-city to suburban locations. In examining the changing pattern of insurance agency locations within the Milwaukee metropolitan area, the authors find that racial composition of neighborhood is associated with agency location even after the effects of family income, condition of housing, and ...
ABSTRACT: Racially discriminatory mortgage lending patterns have been documented in several citie... more ABSTRACT: Racially discriminatory mortgage lending patterns have been documented in several cities, despite the fact that such practices are illegal under the Federal Fair Housing Act and other federal and state laws. This study finds that in Milwaukee, as in several other metropolitan areas, racial composition of neighborhood is negatively associated with mortgage lending activity by depository institutions even after the effects of income, condition of housing, and related population and neighborhood characteristics are taken into ...
Background: Providing an adequate supply of affordable housing has become an increasingly difficu... more Background: Providing an adequate supply of affordable housing has become an increasingly difficult challenge for US cities. Inclusionary zoning (IZ) policies have become an increasingly popular response. Substantial research has demonstrated the health benefits of stable, affordable housing. There is anecdotal but not systematic evidence that IZ policies may be associated with some health benefits of affordable housing. Methods: We rely on data from the 2017 500 Cities Project, the 2016 to 2017 Lincoln Institute for Land Policy survey, and the 2011 to 2015 American Community Survey. We perform bivariate tests and cluster ordinary least squares regression to examine associations at the municipal level between having inclusionary zoning (IZ) policies, the attributes of those policies, and the prevalence of several cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Cardiovascular outcomes and socioeconomic characteristics were uniformly better in cities with IZ policies. IZ policies were associated wi...
... The dummy variable TYPE is set to zero if the institution is a commercial bank and to one if ... more ... The dummy variable TYPE is set to zero if the institution is a commercial bank and to one if it is a savings institution or mortgage broker. The latter types of institutions con-centrate more on mortgages than commercial banks do. ...
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