Ddeboer Data Import library

Introduction

This PHP library offers a way to read data from, and write data to, a range of file formats and media. Additionally, it includes tools to manipulate your data.

Features

Read from and write to CSV files, Excel files, databases, and more.
Convert between charsets, dates, strings and objects on the fly.
Build reusable and extensible import workflows.
Decoupled components that you can use on their own, such as a CSV and Excel reader and writer.
Well-tested code.

Installation

This library is available on Packagist. The recommended way to install it is through Composer:

$ composer require ddeboer/data-import:@stable

Then include Composer’s autoloader:

require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';

For integration with Symfony2 projects, the DdeboerDataImportBundle is available.

Usage

Broadly speaking, you can use this library in two ways:

organize your import process around a workflow, or
use one or more of the components on their own, such as readers, writers or converters.

The workflow

Each data import revolves around the workflow and takes place along the following lines:

Construct a reader.
Construct a workflow and pass the reader to it, optionaly pass a logger as second argument. Add at least one writer to the workflow.
Optionally, add filters, item converters and value converters to the workflow.
Process the workflow. This will read the data from the reader, filter and convert the data, and write the output to each of the writers.

In other words, the workflow acts as a mediator between a reader and one or more writers, filters and converters.

Optionally you can skip items on failure like this $workflow->setSkipItemOnFailure(true). Errors will be logged if you have passed a logger to the workflow constructor.

Schematically:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Workflow;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\Reader;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\Filter;

$reader = new Reader\...;
$workflow = new Workflow($reader, $logger);
$workflow
    ->addWriter(new Writer\...())
    ->addWriter(new Writer\...())
    ->addFilter(new Filter\CallbackFilter(...))
    ->setSkipItemOnFailure(true)
    ->process()
;

Readers

Readers read data that will be imported by iterating over it. This library includes a handful of readers. Additionally, you can easily implement your own.

You can use readers on their own, or construct a workflow from them:

$workflow = new Workflow($reader);

ArrayReader

Reads arrays. Most useful for testing your workflow.

CsvReader

Reads CSV files, and is optimized to use as little memory as possible.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Reader\CsvReader;

$file = new \SplFileObject('/path/to/csv_file.csv');
$reader = new CsvReader($file);

Optionally construct with different delimiter, enclosure and/or escape character:

$reader = new CsvReader($file, ';');

Then iterate over the CSV file:

foreach ($reader as $row) {
    // $row will be an array containing the comma-separated elements of the line:
    // array(
    //   0 => 'James',
    //   1 => 'Bond'
    //   etc...
    // )
}

Column headers

If one of your rows contains column headers, you can read them to make the rows associative arrays:

$reader->setHeaderRowNumber(0);

foreach ($reader as $row) {
    // $row will now be an associative array:
    // array(
    //   'firstName' => 'James',
    //   'lastName'  => 'Bond'
    //   etc...
    // )
}

Strict mode

The CSV reader operates in strict mode by default. If the reader encounters a row where the number of values differs from the number of column headers, an error is logged and the row is skipped. Retrieve the errors with getErrors().

To disable strict mode, set $reader->setStrict(false) after you instantiate the reader.

Disabling strict mode means:

Any rows that contain fewer values than the column headers are simply padded with null values.
Any additional values in a row that contain more values than the column headers are ignored.

Examples where this is useful:

Outlook 2010: which omits trailing blank values
Google Contacts: which exports more values than there are column headers

Duplicate headers

Sometimes a CSV file contains duplicate column headers, for instance:

id	details	details
1	bla	more bla

By default, a DuplicateHeadersException will be thrown if you call setHeaderRowNumber(0) on this file. You can handle duplicate columns in one of three ways:

call setColumnHeaders(['id', 'details', 'details_2']) to specify your own headers
call setHeaderRowNumber with the CsvReader::DUPLICATE_HEADERS_INCREMENT flag to generate incremented headers; in this case: id, details and details1
call setHeaderRowNumber with the CsvReader::DUPLICATE_HEADERS_MERGE flag to merge duplicate values into arrays; in this case, the first row’s values will become: [ 'id' => 1, 'details' => [ 'bla', 'more bla' ] ].

DbalReader

Reads data through Doctrine’s DBAL. Your project should include Doctrine’s DBAL package:

$ composer require doctrine/dbal

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Reader\DbalReader;

$reader = new DbalReader(
    $connection, // Instance of \Doctrine\DBAL\Connection
    'SELECT u.id, u.username, g.name FROM `user` u INNER JOIN groups g ON u.group_id = g.id'
);

DoctrineReader

Reads data through the Doctrine ORM:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Reader\DoctrineReader;

$reader = new DoctrineReader($entityManager, 'Your\Namespace\Entity\User');

ExcelReader

Acts as an adapter for the PHPExcel library. Make sure to incude that library in your project:

$ composer require phpoffice/phpexcel

Then use the reader to open an Excel file:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Reader\ExcelReader;

$file = new \SplFileObject('path/to/ecxel_file.xls');
$reader = new ExcelReader($file);

###OneToManyReader

Allows for merging of two data sources (using existing readers), for example you have one CSV with orders and another with order items.

Imagine two CSV's like the following:

OrderId,Price
1,30
2,15

OrderId,Name
1,"Super Cool Item 1"
1,"Super Cool Item 2"
2,"Super Cool Item 3"

You want to associate the items to the order. Using the OneToMany reader we can nest these rows in the order using a key which you specify in the OneToManyReader.

The code would look something like:

$orderFile = new \SplFileObject("orders.csv");
$orderReader = new CsvReader($file, $orderFile);
$orderReader->setHeaderRowNumber(0);

$orderItemFile = new \SplFileObject("order_items.csv");
$orderItemReader = new CsvReader($file, $orderFile);
$orderItemReader->setHeaderRowNumber(0);

$oneToManyReader = new OneToManyReader($orderReader, $orderItemReader, 'items', 'OrderId', 'OrderId');

The third parameter is the key which the order item data will be nested under. This will be an array of order items. The fourth and fifth parameters are "primary" and "foreign" keys of the data. The OneToMany reader will try to match the data using these keys. Take for example the CSV's given above, you would expect that Order "1" has the first 2 Order Items associated to it due to their Order Id's also being "1".

Note: You can omit the last parameter, if both files have the same field. Eg if parameter 4 is 'OrderId' and you don't specify paramater 5, the reader will look for the foreign key using 'OrderId'

The resulting data will look like:

//Row 1
array(
	'OrderId' => 1,
	'Price' => 30,
	'items' => array(
		array(
			'OrderId' => 1,
			'Name' => 'Super Cool Item 1',
		),
		array(
			'OrderId' => 1,
			'Name' => 'Super Cool Item 2',
		),
	),
);

//Row2
array(
	'OrderId' => 2,
	'Price' => 15,
	'items' => array(
		array(
			'OrderId' => 2,
			'Name' => 'Super Cool Item 1',
		),
	)
);

Create a reader

You can create your own data reader by implementing the ReaderInterface.

Writers

ArrayWriter

Resembles the ArrayReader. Probably most useful for testing your workflow.

CsvWriter

Writes CSV files:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\CsvWriter;

$file = new \SplFileObject('output.csv', 'w');
$writer = new CsvWriter($file);

// Write column headers:
$writer->writeItem(array('first', 'last'));

$writer
    ->writeItem(array('James', 'Bond'))
    ->writeItem(array('Auric', 'Goldfinger'))
    ->finish();

DoctrineWriter

Writes data through Doctrine:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\DoctrineWriter;

$writer = new DoctrineWriter($entityManager, 'YourNamespace:Employee');
$writer
    ->prepare()
    ->writeItem(
        array(
            'first' => 'James',
            'last'  => 'Bond'
        )
    )
    ->finish();

PdoWriter

Use the PDO writer for importing data into a relational database (such as MySQL, SQLite or MS SQL) without using Doctrine.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\PdoWriter;

$pdo = new \PDO('sqlite::memory:');
$pdo->setAttribute(\PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, \PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

$writer = new PdoWriter($pdo, 'my_table');

ExcelWriter

Writes data to an Excel file. It requires the PHPExcel package:

$ composer require phpoffice/phpexcel

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\ExcelWriter;

$file = new \SplFileObject('data.xlsx', 'w');
$writer = new ExcelWriter($file);

$writer
    ->prepare()
    ->writeItem(array('first', 'last'))
    ->writeItem(array('first' => 'James', 'last' => 'Bond'))
    ->finish();

You can specify the name of the sheet to write to:

$writer = new ExcelWriter($file, 'My sheet');

You can open an already existing file and add a sheet to it:

$file = new \SplFileObject('data.xlsx', 'a');   // Open file with append mode
$writer = new ExcelWriter($file, 'New sheet');

If you wish to overwrite an existing sheet instead, specify the name of the existing sheet:

$writer = new ExcelWriter($file, 'Old sheet');

ConsoleProgressWriter

This writer displays import progress when you start the workflow from the command-line. It requires Symfony’s Console component:

$ composer require symfony/console

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\ConsoleProgressWriter;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\ConsoleOutput;

$output = new ConsoleOutput(...);
$progressWriter = new ConsoleProgressWriter($output, $reader);

// Most useful when added to a workflow
$workflow->addWriter($progressWriter);

CallbackWriter

Instead of implementing your own writer, you can use the quick solution the CallbackWriter offers:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\CallbackWriter;

$workflow->addWriter(new CallbackWriter(function ($row) use ($storage) {
    $storage->store($row);
}));

Create a writer

Build your own writer by implementing the WriterInterface.

Filters

A filter decides whether data input is accepted into the import process.

CallbackFilter

The CallbackFilter wraps your callback function that determines whether data should be accepted. The data input is accepted only if the function returns true.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Filter\CallbackFilter;

// Don’t import The Beatles
$filter = new CallbackFilter(function ($data) {
    return ('The Beatles' != $data['name']);
});

$workflow->addFilter($filter);

OffsetFilter

OffsetFilter allows you to

skip a certain amount of items from the beginning
process only specified amount of items (and skip the rest)

You can combine these two parameters to process a slice from the middle of the data, like rows 5-7 of a CSV file with ten rows.

OffsetFilter is configured by its constructor: new OffsetFilter($offset = 0, $limit = null). Note: $offset is a 0-based index.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Filter\OffsetFilter;

// Default implementation is to start from the beginning without maximum count
$filter = new OffsetFilter(0, null);
$filter = new OffsetFilter(); // You can omit both parameters

// Start from the third item, process to the end
$filter = new OffsetFilter(2, null);
$filter = new OffsetFilter(2); // You can omit the second parameter

// Start from the first item, process max three items
$filter = new OffsetFilter(0, 3);

// Start from the third item, process max five items (items 3 - 7)
$filter = new OffsetFilter(2, 5);

ValidatorFilter

It’s a common use case to validate the data before you save it to the database. This is exactly what the ValidatorFilter does. To use it, include Symfony’s Validator component in your project:

$ compose require symfony/validator

The ValidatorFilter works as follows:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Filter\ValidatorFilter;

$filter = new ValidatorFilter($validator);
$filter->add('email', new Assert\Email());
$filter->add('sku', new Assert\NotBlank());

The default behaviour for the validator is to collect all violations and skip each invalid row. If you want to stop on the first failing row you can call ValidatorFilter::throwExceptions(), which throws a ValidationException containing the line number and the violation list.

Item converters

MappingItemConverter

Use the MappingItemConverter to add mappings to your workflow. Your keys from the input data will be renamed according to these mappings. Say you have input data:

$data = array(
    array(
        'foo' => 'bar',
        'baz' => array(
            'some' => 'value'
        )
    )
);

You can map the keys foo and baz in the following way:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ItemConverter\MappingItemConverter;

$converter = new MappingItemConverter();
$converter
    ->addMapping('foo', 'fooloo')
    ->addMapping('baz', array('some' => 'else'));

$workflow->addItemConverter($converter)
    ->process();

Your output data will now be:

array(
    array(
        'fooloo' => 'bar',
        'baz'    => array(
            'else' => 'value'
        )
    )
);

Create an item converter

Implement ItemConverterInterface to create your own item converter:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ItemConverter\ItemConverterInterface;

class MyItemConverter implements ItemConverterInterface
{
    public function convert($item)
    {
        // Do your conversion and return updated $item
        return $changedItem;
    }
}

CallbackItemConverter

Instead of implementing your own item converter, you can use a callback:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ItemConverter\CallbackItemConverter;

// Use a fictional $translator service to translate each value
$converter = new CallbackItemConverter(function ($item) use ($translator) {
    foreach ($item as $key => $value) {
        $item[$key] = $translator->translate($value);
    }

    return $row;
});

Value converters

Value converters are used to convert specific fields (e.g., columns in database).

DateTimeValueConverter

There are two uses for the DateTimeValueConverter:

Convert a date representation in a format you specify into a DateTime object.
Convert a date representation in a format you specify into a different format.

Convert a date into a `DateTime` object.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\DateTimeValueConverter;

$converter = new DateTimeValueConverter('d/m/Y H:i:s');
$workflow->addValueConverter('my_date_field', $converter);

If your date string is in a format specified at: http://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.formats.date.php then you can omit the format parameter.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\DateTimeValueConverter;

$converter = new DateTimeValueConverter();
$workflow->addValueConverter('my_date_field', $converter);

Convert a date string into a differently formatted date string.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\DateTimeValueConverter;

$converter = new DateTimeValueConverter('d/m/Y H:i:s', 'd-M-Y');
$workflow->addValueConverter('my_date_field', $converter);

If your date is in a format specified at: http://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.formats.date.php you can pass null as the first argument.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\DateTimeValueConverter;

$converter = new DateTimeValueConverter(null, 'd-M-Y');
$workflow->addValueConverter('my_date_field', $converter);

ObjectConverter

Converts an object into a scalar value. To use this converter, you must include Symfony’s PropertyAccess component in your project:

$ composer require symfony/property-access

Using __toString()

If your object has a __toString() method, that value will be used:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\ObjectConverter;

class SecretAgent
{
    public function __toString()
    {
        return '007';
    }
}

$converter = new ObjectConverter();
$string = $converter->convert(new SecretAgent());   // $string will be '007'

Using object accessors

If your object has no __toString() method, its accessors will be called instead:

class Villain
{
    public function getName()
    {
        return 'Bad Guy';
    }
}

class Organization
{
    public function getVillain()
    {
        return new Villain();
    }
}

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\ObjectConverter;

$converter = new ObjectConverter('villain.name');
$string = $converter->convert(new Organization());   // $string will be 'Bad Guy'

StringToObjectConverter

Looks up an object in the database based on a string value:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\StringToObjectConverter;

$converter = new StringToObjectConverter($repository, 'name');
$workflow->addValueConverter('input_name', $converter);

CallbackValueConverter

Use this if you want to save the trouble of writing a dedicating class:

use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\CallbackValueConverter;

$callable = function ($item) {
    return implode(',', $item);
};

$converter = new CallbackValueConverter($callable);
$output = $converter->convert(array('foo', 'bar')); // $output will be "foo,bar"

Examples

Import CSV file and write to database

This example shows how you can read data from a CSV file and write that to the database.

Assume we have the following CSV file:

event;beginDate;endDate
Christmas;20131225;20131226
New Year;20131231;20140101

And we want to write this data to a Doctrine entity:

namespace MyApp;

use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;

/**
 * @ORM\Entity
 */
class Event
{
    /**
     * @ORM\Column()
     */
    protected $event;

    /**
     * @ORM\Column(type="datetime")
     */
    protected $beginDate;

    /**
     * @ORM\Column(type="datetime")
     */
    protected $endDate;

    public function setEvent($event)
    {
        $this->event = $event;
    }

    public function setBeginDate($date)
    {
        $this->beginDate = $date;
    }

    public function setEndDate($date)
    {
        $this->endDate = $date;
    }

    // And some getters
}

Then you can import the CSV and save it as your entity in the following way.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Workflow;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\Reader\CsvReader;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\DoctrineWriter;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\DateTimeValueConverter;

// Create and configure the reader
$file = new \SplFileObject('input.csv');
$csvReader = new CsvReader($file);

// Tell the reader that the first row in the CSV file contains column headers
$csvReader->setHeaderRowNumber(0);

// Create the workflow from the reader
$workflow = new Workflow($csvReader);

// Create a writer: you need Doctrine’s EntityManager.
$doctrineWriter = new DoctrineWriter($entityManager, 'MyApp:Event');
$workflow->addWriter($doctrineWriter);

// Add a converter to the workflow that will convert `beginDate` and `endDate`
// to \DateTime objects
$dateTimeConverter = new DateTimeValueConverter('Ymd');
$workflow
    ->addValueConverter('beginDate', $dateTimeConverter)
    ->addValueConverter('endDate', $dateTimeConverter);

// Process the workflow
$workflow->process();

Export to CSV file

This example shows how you can export data to a CSV file.

use Ddeboer\DataImport\Workflow;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\Reader\ArrayReader;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\Writer\CsvWriter;
use Ddeboer\DataImport\ValueConverter\CallbackValueConverter;

// Your input data
$reader = new ArrayReader(array(
    array(
        'first',        // This is for the CSV header
        'last',
        array(
            'first' => 'james',
            'last'  => 'Bond'
        ),
        array(
            'first' => 'hugo',
            'last'  => 'Drax'
        )
    ))
);

// Create the workflow from the reader
$workflow = new Workflow($reader);

// Add the writer to the workflow
$file = new \SplFileObject('output.csv', 'w');
$writer = new Writer($file);
$workflow->addWriter($writer);

// As you can see, the first names are not capitalized correctly. Let's fix
// that with a value converter:
$converter = new CallbackValueConverter(function ($input) {
    return ucfirst($input);
});
$workflow->addValueConverter('first', $converter);

// Process the workflow
$workflow->process();

This will write a CSV file output.csv where the first names are capitalized:

first;last
James;Bond
Hugo;Drax

ArrayValueConverterMap

The ArrayValueConverterMap is used to filter values of a multi-level array.

The converters defined in the list are applied on every data-item's value that match the defined array_keys.

//...
$data = array(
    'products' => array(
        0 => array(
            'name' => 'some name',
            'price' => '€12,16',
        ),
        1 => array(
            'name' => 'some name',
            'price' => '€12,16',
        )
    )
);

// ...
// create the workflow and reader etc.
// ...

$workflow->addValueConverter(new ArrayValueConverterMap(array(
    'name' => array(new CharsetValueConverter('UTF-8', 'UTF-16')), // encode to UTF-8
    'price' => array(new CallbackValueConverter(function ($input) {
        return str_replace('€', '', $input); // remove € char
    }),
)));

// ..
// after filtering data looks as follows
$data = array(
    'products' => array(
        0 => array(
            'name' => 'some name', // in UTF-8
            'price' => '12,16',
        ),
        1 => array(
            'name' => 'some name',
            'price' => '12,16',
        )
    )
);

Running the tests

Clone this repository:

$ git clone https://github.com/ddeboer/data-import.git
$ cd data-import

Install dev dependencies:

$ composer install --dev

And run PHPUnit:

$ phpunit

License

DataImport is released under the MIT license. See the LICENSE file for details.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
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src/Ddeboer/DataImport		src/Ddeboer/DataImport
tests		tests
.gitignore		.gitignore
.travis.yml		.travis.yml
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
composer.json		composer.json
phpunit.xml.dist		phpunit.xml.dist

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Ddeboer Data Import library

Introduction

Features

Documentation

Installation

Usage

The workflow

Readers

ArrayReader

CsvReader

Column headers

Strict mode

Duplicate headers

DbalReader

DoctrineReader

ExcelReader

Create a reader

Writers

ArrayWriter

CsvWriter

DoctrineWriter

PdoWriter

ExcelWriter

ConsoleProgressWriter

CallbackWriter

Create a writer

Filters

CallbackFilter

OffsetFilter

ValidatorFilter

Item converters

MappingItemConverter

Create an item converter

CallbackItemConverter

Value converters

DateTimeValueConverter

Convert a date into a DateTime object.

Convert a date string into a differently formatted date string.

ObjectConverter

Using __toString()

Using object accessors

StringToObjectConverter

CallbackValueConverter

Examples

Import CSV file and write to database

Export to CSV file

ArrayValueConverterMap

Running the tests

License

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Convert a date into a `DateTime` object.

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