python · tdscheper · Dec 8, 2022
diff --git a/mypy/plugins/dataclasses.py b/mypy/plugins/dataclasses.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     TypeVarExpr,
     Var,
 )
-from mypy.plugin import ClassDefContext, SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface
+from mypy.plugin import ClassDefContext, FunctionContext, SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface
 from mypy.plugins.common import (
     _get_decorator_bool_argument,
     add_attribute_to_class,
@@ -631,6 +631,39 @@ def dataclass_class_maker_callback(ctx: ClassDefContext) -> bool:
     return transformer.transform()
 
 
+def _dataclass_exclusive_function_callback(ctx: FunctionContext, func
8000
_name: str) -> Type:
+    """Called for functions that should only be called on dataclasses.
+
+    Functions are (from dataclasses module): asdict, astuple, fields, replace
+    """
+    # Each of asdict, astuple, fields, and replace require the first argument
+    # to be a dataclass
+    arg_type = get_proper_type(ctx.arg_types[0][0])
+    if isinstance(arg_type, Instance) and "dataclass" not in arg_type.type.metadata:
+        ctx.api.msg.fail(f"{func_name}() should be called on dataclass instances", ctx.context)
+    return ctx.default_return_type
+
+
+def asdict_callback(ctx: FunctionContext) -> Type:
+    """Called for dataclasses.asdict."""
+    return _dataclass_exclusive_function_callback(ctx, "asdict")
+
+
+def astuple_callback(ctx: FunctionContext) -> Type:
+    """Called for dataclasses.astuple."""
+    return _dataclass_exclusive_function_callback(ctx, "astuple")
+
+
+def fields_callback(ctx: FunctionContext) -> Type:
+    """Called for dataclasses.fields."""
+    return _dataclass_exclusive_function_callback(ctx, "fields")
+
+
+def replace_callback(ctx: FunctionContext) -> Type:
+    """Called for dataclasses.replace."""
+    return _dataclass_exclusive_function_callback(ctx, "replace")
+
+
 def _collect_field_args(
     expr: Expression, ctx: ClassDefContext
 ) -> tuple[bool, dict[str, Expression]]:

diff --git a/mypy/plugins/default.py b/mypy/plugins/default.py
@@ -37,12 +37,21 @@ class DefaultPlugin(Plugin):
     """Type checker plugin that is enabled by default."""
 
     def get_function_hook(self, fullname: str) -> Callable[[FunctionContext], Type] | None:
-        from mypy.plugins import ctypes, singledispatch
+        from mypy.plugins import ctypes, dataclasses, singledispatch
 
         if fullname == "ctypes.Array":
             return ctypes.array_constructor_callback
-        elif fullname == "functools.singledispatch":
+        if fullname == "functools.singledispatch":
             return singledispatch.create_singledispatch_function_callback
+        name_pieces = fullname.split(".")
+        if len(name_pieces) == 2 and name_pieces[0] == "dataclasses":
+            callbacks: dict[str, Callable[[FunctionContext], Type]] = {
+                "asdict": dataclasses.asdict_callback,
+                "astuple": dataclasses.astuple_callback,
+                "fields": dataclasses.fields_callback,
+                "replace": dataclasses.replace_callback,
+            }
+            return callbacks.get(name_pieces[1], None)
         return None
 
     def get_method_signature_hook(

diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-dataclasses.test b/test-data/unit/check-dataclasses.test
@@ -2001,3 +2001,29 @@ class Bar(Foo): ...
 e: Element[Bar]
 reveal_type(e.elements)  # N: Revealed type is "typing.Sequence[__main__.Element[__main__.Bar]]"
 [builtins fixtures/dataclasses.pyi]
+
+[case testFuncsOnlyTakeDataclassArg]
+# flags: --python-version 3.7
+# Ensure asdict, astuple, fields, and replace methods from dataclasses module only accept
+# a dataclass instance as the first argument.
+# See mypy issue #14215
+from dataclasses import asdict, astuple, dataclass, fields, replace
+
+class Klass:
+    pass
+
+@dataclass
+class DClass:
+    pass
+
+klass = Klass()
+dclass = DClass()
+asdict(dclass)
+astuple(dclass)
+replace(dclass)
+fields(dclass)
+asdict(klass)  # E: asdict() should be called on dataclass instances
+astuple(klass)  # E: astuple() should be called on dataclass instances
+fields(klass)  # E: fields() should be called on dataclass instances
+replace(klass)  # E: replace() should be called on dataclass instances
+[builtins fixtures/dataclasses.pyi]
diff --git a/test-data/unit/lib-stub/dataclasses.pyi b/test-data/unit/lib-stub/dataclasses.pyi
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, Mapping, Optional, TypeVar, overload, Type
+from typing import (
+    Any, Callable, Generic, Mapping, Optional, TypeVar, overload, Tuple,
+    Type,
+)
 
 _T = TypeVar('_T')
 
@@ -32,3 +35,19 @@ def field(*,
 
 
 class Field(Generic[_T]): pass
+
+@overload
+def asdict(obj: Any) -> dict[str, Any]: ...
+
+@overload
+def asdict(obj: Any, *, dict_factory: Callable[[list[tuple[str, Any]]], _T]) -> _T: ...
+
+@overload
+def astuple(obj: Any) -> Tuple[Any, ...]: ...
+
+@overload
+def astuple(obj: Any, *, tuple_factory: Callable[[list[Any]], _T]) -> _T: ...
+
+def replace(obj: _T, **changes: Any) -> _T: ...
+
+def fields(class_or_instance: Any) -> Tuple[Field[Any], ...]: ...