<time> element extensions

Formats a timestamp as a localized string or as relative text that auto-updates in the user's browser.

This allows the server to cache HTML fragments containing dates and lets the browser choose how to localize the displayed time according to the user's preferences. For example, the server may have cached the following generated markup:

<local-time datetime="2014-04-01T16:30:00-08:00">
  April 1, 2014 4:30pm
</local-time>

Every visitor is served the same markup from the server's cache. When it reaches the browser, the custom local-time JavaScript localizes the element's text into the local timezone and formatting.

<local-time datetime="2014-04-01T16:30:00-08:00">
  1 Apr 2014 21:30
</local-time>

Dates are displayed before months, and a 24-hour clock is used, according to the user's browser settings.

If the browser's JavaScript is disabled, the default text served in the cached markup is still displayed.

Installation

Available on npm as time-elements.

$ npm install time-elements

Usage

This component provides three custom subtypes of the standard HTML <time> element. All custom time elements MUST have a datetime attribute set to an ISO 8601 formatted timestamp.

relative-time

A relative time-ago-in-words description can be generated by using the relative-time element extension.

Add a <relative-time> element to your markup. Provide a default formatted date as the element's text content (e.g. April 1, 2014).

<relative-time datetime="2014-04-01T16:30:00-08:00">
  April 1, 2014
</relative-time>

Depending on how far in the future this is being viewed, the element's text will be replaced with one of the following formats:

• 6 years from now
• 20 days from now
• 4 hours from now
• 7 minutes from now
• just now
• 30 seconds ago
• a minute ago
• 30 minutes ago
• an hour ago
• 20 hours ago
• a day ago
• 20 days ago
• on Apr 1, 2014

So, a relative date phrase is used for up to a month and then the actual date is shown.

time-until

You can use time-until to always display a relative date that's in the future. It operates much like <relative-time>, except in the reverse, with past events shown as just now and future events always showing as relative:

• 10 years from now
• 20 days from now
• 6 hours from now
• 20 minutes from now
• 30 seconds from now
• just now

Add a <time-until> element to your markup. Provide a default formatted date as the element's text content (e.g. April 1, 2024).

<time-until datetime="2024-04-01T16:30:00-08:00">
  April 1, 2024
</time-until>

time-ago

An always relative time-ago-in-words description can be generated by using the time-ago element extension. This is similar to the relative-time extension. However, this will never switch to displaying the date. It strictly shows relative date phrases, even after a month has passed.

<time-ago datetime="2012-04-01T16:30:00-08:00">
  April 1, 2014
</time-ago>

For example, if this markup is viewed two years in the future, the element's text will read 2 years ago.

Micro format

The optional format="micro" attribute shortens the descriptions to 1m, 1h, 1d, 1y.

<time-ago datetime="2012-04-01T16:30:00-08:00" format="micro">
  April 1, 2014
</time-ago>

local-time

This custom time extension is useful for formatting a date and time in the user's preferred locale format.

<local-time datetime="2014-04-01T16:30:00-08:00"
    month="short"
    day="numeric"
    year="numeric"
    hour="numeric"
    minute="numeric">
  April 1, 2014 4:30PM PDT
</local-time>

When this markup is viewed in a CDT timezone, it will show Apr 1, 2014 6:30PM. If it's viewed in a browser with European date preferences, it will read 1 Apr 2014 18:30.

Options

Attribute	Options	Description
datetime	ISO 8601 date	Required date of element 2014-06-01T13:05:07Z
year	2-digit, numeric	Format year as 14 or 2014
month	short, long	Format month as Jun or June
day	2-digit, numeric	Format day as 01 or 1
weekday	short, long	Format weekday as Sun or Sunday
hour	2-digit, numeric	Format hour as 01 or 1
minute	2-digit, numeric	Format minute as 05 or 5
second	2-digit, numeric	Format second as 07 or 7
time-zone-name	short, long	Display time zone as GMT+1 or by its full name

Browser Support

Browsers without native custom element support require a polyfill.

• Chrome
• Firefox
• Safari
• Microsoft Edge

See Also

Most of this implementation is based on Basecamp's local_time component. Thanks to @javan for open sourcing that work and allowing for others to build on top of it.

@rmm5t's jquery-timeago is one of the old time-ago-in-words JS plugins.