Welcome to your shiny new Codespace running Django! We've got everything fired up and running for you to explore Django.
You've got a blank canvas to work on from a git perspective as well. There's a single initial commit with what you're seeing right now - where you go from here is up to you!
Everything you do here is contained within this one codespace. There is no repository on GitHub yet. If and when you’re ready you can click "Publish Branch" and we’ll create your repository and push up your project. If you were just exploring then and have no further need for this code then you can simply delete your codespace and it's gone forever.
pip install -r requirements.txtpython manage.py collectstaticpython manage.py runserver您想在 GitHub Codespaces 上重新构建“面向智慧社区的数据隐私保护及所有权验证方法”项目，基于 Django 环境，并直接修改 Codespaces 提供的默认 Django Hello World 代码，将其扩展为您的项目（包含 SM4 加密、以太坊区块链存证、RBAC 和审计日志功能）。以下是详细步骤，指导您如何在 GitHub Codespaces 中修改现有 Django 项目，重新构建您的智慧社区项目，运行多文件代码，并确保功能完整。我会结合您提供的项目文档，解决可能的配置问题（如私钥、路径、依赖），并考虑在 Codespaces 环境中的特殊性（如容器化、端口转发）。同时，我会保留与 Transformer 模型数据的潜在集成可能性。 背景与前提 GitHub Codespaces 是一个云端开发环境，提供预配置的容器（您选择了 Django 环境），默认包含 Python、Django 和一个 Hello World 示例（如 manage.py 和简单的 views.py）。 您的目标是将默认代码替换为智慧社区项目的功能，包含多文件结构（config/、smart_community/、contracts/ 等），并运行项目。 Codespaces 环境类似本地，但运行在 Docker 容器中，支持终端命令、VS Code 界面、端口转发（用于访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000）和持久化存储。 假设您已在 GitHub 仓库中创建了 Codespaces，并看到类似以下的默认结构： . ├── manage.py ├── myproject/ │ ├── init.py │ ├── settings.py │ ├── urls.py │ ├── wsgi.py ├── requirements.txt 步骤：在 GitHub Codespaces 重新构建项目
- 初始化 Codespaces 环境 打开 Codespaces： 登录 GitHub，进入您的仓库。 点击 Code -> Codespaces -> Create Codespace on main（或已有 Codespace）。 选择 Django 环境（已预装 Python 和 Django）。 验证默认 Django 项目： 运行默认 Hello World 项目： bash python manage.py runserver Codespaces 会提示端口转发链接（如 https://.github.dev:8000）。 访问链接，确认看到 Django 的欢迎页面（“Congratulations!”）。 按 Ctrl+C 停止服务器。 清理默认代码： 保留 manage.py 和 requirements.txt，但替换 myproject/ 为您的项目结构。 删除默认的 myproject/： bash rm -rf myproject
- 创建项目结构 在 Codespaces 终端或 VS Code 文件浏览器中，重建您的项目结构。 创建目录： bash mkdir config smart_community scripts contracts data docs mkdir smart_community/encryption smart_community/audit smart_community/blockchain smart_community/permissions touch config/init.py config/settings.py config/urls.py config/wsgi.py touch smart_community/init.py smart_community/admin.py smart_community/apps.py smart_community/models.py smart_community/views.py touch scripts/generate_data.py scripts/deploy_contract.py scripts/store_sample_data.py touch contracts/DataStorage.sol touch requirements.txt 最终结构： . ├── config/ │ ├── init.py │ ├── settings.py │ ├── urls.py │ ├── wsgi.py ├── smart_c 96CE ommunity/ │ ├── init.py │ ├── admin.py │ ├── apps.py │ ├── models.py │ ├── views.py │ ├── encryption/ │ ├── audit/ │ ├── blockchain/ │ ├── permissions/ ├── scripts/ │ ├── generate_data.py │ ├── deploy_contract.py │ ├── store_sample_data.py ├── contracts/ │ ├── DataStorage.sol ├── data/ ├── docs/ ├── manage.py ├── requirements.txt
- 配置项目文件 基于您提供的项目文档，逐一创建和配置核心文件。 3.1 requirements.txt text django==4.2.11 gmssl==3.2.1 web3==6.11.0 py-solc-x==1.1.1 requests==2.31.0 安装依赖： bash pip install -r requirements.txt 3.2 config/settings.py python from pathlib import Path import os
BASE_DIR = Path(file).resolve().parent.parent
SECRET_KEY = 'your-secret-key' # 替换为安全密钥 DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] # Codespaces 需允许所有主机
INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'smart_community', ]
MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'config.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'config.wsgi.application'
DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'data/db.sqlite3', } }
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator'}, {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator'}, {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator'}, {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator'}, ]
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' USE_I18N = True USE_TZ = True
STATIC_URL = 'static/' DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
BLOCKCHAIN = { 'PROVIDER': 'http://127.0.0.1:8545', 'CONTRACT_ADDRESS': None, 'PRIVATE_KEY': None, }
ENCRYPTION = { 'SM4_KEY': b'1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef', # 16 字节密钥 }
LOGGING = { 'version': 1, 'disable_existing_loggers': False, 'handlers': { 'file': { 'level': 'INFO', 'class': 'logging.FileHandler', 'filename': BASE_DIR / 'data/audit.log', }, }, 'loggers': { 'smart_community': { 'handlers': ['file'], 'level': 'INFO', 'propagate': True, }, }, } 3.3 config/urls.py python from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path from smart_community import views
urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('api/store/', views.store_data, name='store_data'), path('api/verify/int:id/', views.verify_data, name='verify_data'), ] 3.4 smart_community/models.py python from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class CommunityRecord(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) data = models.TextField() # 加密数据 data_hash = models.CharField(max_length=64) # 区块链哈希 created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class AuditLog(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True) action = models.CharField(max_length=100) details = models.TextField() timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) 3.5 smart_community/views.py python from django.http import JsonResponse from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required, permission_required from smart_community.encryption.sm4 import SM4 from smart_community.blockchain.eth_contract import store_hash from smart_community.audit.logging import log_action from smart_community.models import CommunityRecord from config.settings import ENCRYPTION
@login_required @permission_required('smart_community.add_communityrecord', raise_exception=True) def store_data(request): if request.method == 'POST': raw_data = request.POST.get('data') sm4 = SM4(ENCRYPTION['SM4_KEY']) encrypted_data = sm4.encrypt(raw_data.encode()).hex() data_hash = store_hash(encrypted_data) record = CommunityRecord.objects.create( user=request.user, data=encrypted_data, data_hash=data_hash ) log_action(request.user, 'store_data', f"Stored record {record.id}") return JsonResponse({'id': record.id, 'hash': data_hash}) return JsonResponse({'error': 'Invalid method'}, status=400)
@login_required @permission_required('smart_community.view_communityrecord', raise_exception=True) def verify_data(request, id): try: record = CommunityRecord.objects.get(id=id, user=request.user) sm4 = SM4(ENCRYPTION['SM4_KEY']) decrypted_data = sm4.decrypt(bytes.fromhex(record.data)).decode() stored_hash = contract.functions.getHash(record.data_hash).call() is_valid = stored_hash == record.data_hash log_action(request.user, 'verify_data', f"Verified record {id}, valid: {is_valid}") return JsonResponse({ 'id': record.id, 'data': decrypted_data, 'hash': record.data_hash, 'is_valid': is_valid }) except CommunityRecord.DoesNotExist: return JsonResponse({'error': 'Permission denied'}, status=403) 3.6 smart_community/encryption/sm4.py python from gmssl import sm4
class SM4: def init(self, key): self.crypt = sm4.CryptSM4() self.key = key
def encrypt(self, data):
self.crypt.set_key(self.key, sm4.SM4_ENCRYPT)
return self.crypt.crypt_ecb(data)
def decrypt(self, data):
self.crypt.set_key(self.key, sm4.SM4_DECRYPT)
return self.crypt.crypt_ecb(data)
3.7 smart_community/blockchain/eth_contract.py python import hashlib from web3 import Web3 import json from config.settings import BLOCKCHAIN
w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider(BLOCKCHAIN['PROVIDER'])) with open('smart_community/blockchain/contract_abi.json', 'r') as f: contract_abi = json.load(f) contract = w3.eth.contract(address=BLOCKCHAIN['CONTRACT_ADDRESS'], abi=contract_abi)
def store_hash(data: str) -> str: data_hash = hashlib.sha256(data.encode()).hexdigest() account = w3.eth.account.from_key(BLOCKCHAIN['PRIVATE_KEY']) tx = contract.functions.storeHash(data_hash).build_transaction({ 'from': account.address, 'nonce': w3.eth.get_transaction_count(account.address), 'gas': 200000, 'gasPrice': w3.to_wei('20', 'gwei') }) signed_tx = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction(tx, BLOCKCHAIN['PRIVATE_KEY']) tx_hash = w3.eth.send_raw_transaction(signed_tx.rawTransaction) w3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash) return data_hash 3.8 smart_community/audit/logging.py python import logging from smart_community.models import AuditLog
logger = logging.getLogger('smart_community')
def log_action(user, action, details): logger.info(f"User: {user.username if user else 'Anonymous'}, Action: {action}, Details: {details}") AuditLog.objects.create(user=user, action=action, details=details) 3.9 smart_community/permissions/rbac.py python from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
def assign_role(user, role): group, _ = Group.objects.get_or_create(name=role) user.groups.add(group) 3.10 contracts/DataStorage.sol solidity // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
contract DataStorage { mapping(string => string) private hashes;
function storeHash(string memory hash) public {
hashes[hash] = hash;
}
function getHash(string memory hash) public view returns (string memory) {
return hashes[hash];
}
} 3.11 scripts/generate_data.py python import json import os
data = [ {"id": i, "resident_name": f"Resident_{i}", "data": f"Community record {i}"} for i in range(1, 11) ] with open('data/sample_data.json', 'w') as f: json.dump(data, f, indent=2) 3.12 scripts/deploy_contract.py python from solcx import compile_source from web3 import Web3 import json from config.settings import BLOCKCHAIN
w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider(BLOCKCHAIN['PROVIDER'])) with open('contracts/DataStorage.sol', 'r') as f: source = f.read() compiled = compile_source(source, output_values=['abi', 'bin']) contract_id, contract_interface = compiled.popitem() abi = contract_interface['abi'] bytecode = contract_interface['bin']
account = w3.eth.account.from_key(BLOCKCHAIN['PRIVATE_KEY']) contract = w3.eth.contract(abi=abi, bytecode=bytecode) tx = contract.constructor().build_transaction({ 'from': account.address, 'nonce': w3.eth.get_transaction_count(account.address), 'gas': 2000000, 'gasPrice': w3.to_wei('20', 'gwei') }) signed_tx = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction(tx, BLOCKCHAIN['PRIVATE_KEY']) tx_hash = w3.eth.send_raw_transaction(signed_tx.rawTransaction) receipt = w3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash) contract_address = receipt.contractAddress print(f"Contract deployed at {contract_address}")
with open('smart_community/blockchain/contract_abi.json', 'w') as f: json.dump(abi, f) 3.13 scripts/store_sample_data.py python import json import requests
with open('data/sample_data.json', 'r') as f: data = json.load(f)
auth = ('admin', 'admin123') for i, item in enumerate(data): response = requests.post( 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/store/', auth=auth, json={'data': item['data']} ) print(f"Record {i}: {response.json()}") 4. 配置环境 安装 Node.js 和 Ganache： bash curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | bash - apt-get install -y nodejs npm install -g ganache 启动 Ganache（后台运行）： bash ganache --miner.blockTime 0 & 获取私钥： python from web3 import Web3 w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('http://127.0.0.1:8545')) private_key = w3.eth.account.from_key(w3.eth.get_transaction_count(w3.eth.accounts[0])).privateKey.hex()[2:] print(private_key) 更新 settings.py： 编辑 config/settings.py，替换 PRIVATE_KEY： python BLOCKCHAIN = { 'PROVIDER': 'http://127.0.0.1:8545', 'CONTRACT_ADDRESS': None, 'PRIVATE_KEY': 'your_ganache_private_key', # 替换为实际私钥 } 5. 部署和初始化 部署智能合约： bash python scripts/deploy_contract.py 复制输出的合约地址，更新 settings.py： python BLOCKCHAIN['CONTRACT_ADDRESS'] = '0x1234567890abcdef...' 初始化数据库： bash python manage.py migrate 创建用户： bash python manage.py createsuperuser 示例：用户名 admin，密码 admin123。 创建普通用户： bash python manage.py shell python from django.contrib.auth.models import User from smart_community.permissions.rbac import assign_role from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType from smart_community.models import CommunityRecord
user = User.objects.create_user(username='resident1', password='resident123') assign_role(user, 'resident') content_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(CommunityRecord) add_perm = Permission.objects.get(codename='add_communityrecord', content_type=content_type) view_perm = Permission.objects.get(codename='view_communityrecord', content_type=content_type) admin = User.objects.get(username='admin') resident = User.objects.get(username='resident1') admin.user_permissions.add(add_perm, view_perm) resident.user_permissions.add(add_perm, view_perm) assign_role(admin, 'admin') 生成样本数据： bash python scripts/generate_data.py 启动 Django 服务器： bash python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000 Codespaces 会显示端口转发链接（如 https://.github.dev:8000）。 访问 .../admin/（用 admin 登录）或 .../api/store/。 6. 测试功能 存储数据： bash curl -u admin:admin123 -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/store/ -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "{"data": "社区记录 1"}" 验证数据： bash curl -u admin:admin123 http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/verify/1/ 存储样本数据： bash python scripts/store_sample_data.py 查看审计日志： bash cat data/audit.log python manage.py shell from smart_community.models import AuditLog for log in AuditLog.objects.all(): print(log) 7. 提交代码到 GitHub 初始化 Git（如果尚未初始化）： bash git init git add . git commit -m "Initialize smart community project" 推送到远程仓库： bash git remote add origin git push -u origin main 更新 Codespaces： Codespaces 会自动同步仓库更改。 若需重建 Codespaces，删除当前 Codespace并重新创建。 在 Codespaces 中的注意事项 端口转发： Codespaces 自动转发 8000 端口，确保 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] 以允许访问。 如果端口未显示，检查 VS Code 的 Ports 面板，设置为 Public。 Ganache 稳定性： Codespaces 的容器可能导致 Ganache 断开，检查： bash netstat -tuln | grep 8545 若失败，重新运行 ganache --miner.blockTime 0 &。 依赖安装： 如果 gmssl 或其他库失败，单独安装： bash pip install gmssl==3.2.1 文件权限： 确保 data/ 可写： bash chmod -R 777 data/ 中文路径问题： Codespaces 使用 Linux 容器，中文路径可能导致编码问题。建议将项目目录重命名为英文（如 smart-community）： bash mv /workspaces/面向智慧社区的数据隐私保护及所有权验证方法 /workspaces/smart-community Transformer 模型集成 若需在 Codespaces 中集成 Transformer 数据（如 test_inversion.txt）： 上传数据： bash mkdir data/transformer
修改 store_sample_data.py： python import json import requests import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('data/transformer/test_inversion.txt') auth = ('admin', 'admin123') for i, row in df.iterrows(): data = row.to_json() response = requests.post( 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/store/', auth=auth, json={'data': data} ) print(f"Record {i}: {response.json()}") 运行： bash python scripts/store_sample_data.py 常见问题与排查 问题 可能原因 解决方法 私钥错误 PRIVATE_KEY 无效 从 Ganache 获取 64 字符私钥，更新 settings.py Ganache 未运行 进程终止 运行 ganache --miner.blockTime 0 &，检查端口 8545 依赖安装失败 版本冲突 单独安装（如 pip install gmssl==3.2.1） 403 错误 权限未分配 确保用户有 add_communityrecord 和 view_communityrecord 权限 端口不可访问 Codespaces 配置错误 检查 Ports 面板，设置为 Public 验证与测试 功能验证： 存储数据，检查 CommunityRecord 表： bash python manage.py shell from smart_community.models import CommunityRecord print(CommunityRecord.objects.count()) 验证记录： bash curl -u admin:admin123 http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/verify/1/ 区块链验证： python from smart_community.blockchain.eth_contract import contract from smart_community.models import CommunityRecord record = CommunityRecord.objects.first() stored_hash = contract.functions.getHash(record.data_hash).call() print(stored_hash == record.data_hash) 审计日志： bash cat data/audit.log 结论 在 GitHub Codespaces 中，您可以基于默认 Django Hello World 项目，修改文件结构和代码，重新构建智慧社区项目。通过创建模块（加密、区块链、RBAC、审计）、配置 Ganache 和部署合约，您可以运行完整功能。Codespaces 的端口转发支持访问管理面板和 API，适合开发和测试。若需集成 Transformer 数据或进一步优化（如前端界面），请提供需求，我将提供定制代码。 祝您在 Codespaces 上成功构建项目！ 引用： GitHub Codespaces Documentation Django Documentation