RESUMEN: Al elegir un tema pertinente a la Historia de las Ciencias de la Salud, aquellos que se ... more RESUMEN: Al elegir un tema pertinente a la Historia de las Ciencias de la Salud, aquellos que se dediquen al estudio de la Lusitania romana ciertamente verán el análisis del estado socio-jurídico de los profesionales de la medicina como una opción más que evidente. Aunque el tópico tradicional de la insuficiencia de datos ha de ser tenido en cuenta también en este caso, poseemos un conjunto sustancial de datos arqueológicos y epigráficos que nos permiten esbozar un panorama de la cuestión. Entre los documentos disponibles existe una inscripción excepcional recientemente descubierta en la capital de la Lusitania (Edmondson, 2009) que llama la atención sobre algunos elementos esenciales para comprender el proceso de formación de los médicos en un contexto provincial romano. Las restantes inscripciones, que a veces también pueden hallarse en la literatura clásica, tienen la gran ventaja de presentar ejemplos concretos de médicos, de los cuales conocemos el nombre y algunos aspectos particulares de su vida, y en los que podemos encontrar explícita o implícitamente también su condición social. Por otra parte, lo que se sabe del amplio repositorio de epígrafes del mundo romano que se refieren a los médicos permite completar el cuadro y servir de punto de comparación sobre esta realidad particular del extremo occidental del Imperio.
PALABRAS CLAVE: médicos; formación médica; estatuto servil; libertos; conexiones Olisipo-Emerita.
ABSTRACT: By choosing a pertinent topic to the History of Medical Sciences, those who dedicate themselves to the study of Roman Lusitania will certainly see the analysis of doctors socio-juridical status as an obvious option. Although the traditional topic of data scarcity can be applied to this subject, we have, nevertheless, a substantial set of archaeological and epigraphic data that allow us to draw a representation of the matter. Among the available documents, an exceptional inscription recently discovered in the capital of Lusitania (Edmondson, 2009), draws attention to some interesting elements to understand the process of medical training in a Roman provincial context. The remaining inscriptions, that sometimes quite suggestively also appear in classical literature, have the great advantage of presenting concrete examples of doctors, of whom we know the name and some particular aspects of their lives, and in which we can find explicitly or implicitly their social status. Moreover, what is known of the wide repository of epigraphs of the Roman world that refer to doctors, allow us to complete the picture and serve of parallel to this particular reality of the extreme west of the empire.
KEYWORDS: doctors; medical training; servile status; freedmen; links between Olisipo-Emerita.
Resumo: Pretende-se neste artigo atualizar algumas das considerações expostas anteriormente, frut... more Resumo: Pretende-se neste artigo atualizar algumas das considerações expostas anteriormente, fruto da descoberta de novas inscrições na área de Lisboa, que vieram complementar os dados previamente estabelecidos no que toca ao culto imperial provincial. A sua implantação e desenvolvimento dependeram estruturalmente de um conjunto de forças dinamizadoras, nomeada-mente o imperador, os governadores provinciais e os notáveis municipais. Atendendo a estas circunstâncias, em centros urbanos do litoral, como Olisipo, verificaram-se intensas e recorrentes manifestações de culto imperial estreitamente vinculadas aos fenómenos de promoção política, justificando que o ingresso nas instituições religiosas tenha implicado, simultaneamente, uma função sociopolítica para os seus membros e uma função económica para as cidades. Abstract: With this essay we aim to update some of our previous considerations on the subject of provincial imperial cult, due to the discovery of new inscriptions in the Lisbon area which complemented the previously established data on this matter. The implementation and development of this cult structurally depended from a set of driving forces, namely the emperor, the provincial
A partir del cruce de los datos provenientes de las esferas de contacto
establecidas entre políti... more A partir del cruce de los datos provenientes de las esferas de contacto establecidas entre política, religión y propaganda, en el presente artículo nos proponemos desarrollar un análisis de las consagraciones honoríficas, a fin de descubrir el mensaje ideológico oculto en los homenajes del imperio tardío; teniendo en cuenta los nuevos títulos oficiales, formularios, sincretismos divinos, nuevos tipos de munificencia y de evergetas del nuevo panorama social que reflejan los cambios sociales y el impacto de la crisis político-religiosa - categorías esenciales para entender mejor la dinámica de la Hispania tardía en lo que respecta a los medios de control y legitimación del poder puestos en marcha, ya sea por el emperador o por los notables municipales.
Algunos de los hallazgos más recientes, entre los que destaca
la inscripción de Arronches, junto ... more Algunos de los hallazgos más recientes, entre los que destaca la inscripción de Arronches, junto con nuevas propuestas de lectura de algunos epígrafes votivos, sirven de pretexto a análises de la documentación relativa a la religión de la parte meridional de Lusitania en el período romano. Es una realidad dispar, de la que aquí se tratarán tres segmentos: el territorio olisiponense, el norte de Alentejo y el extremo sur de la provincia romana. Empezando por el registro teonímico y la información a respeto de los cultuantes, se intentará definir un perfil sumario de cada una de estas regiones, así constituyendo un pequeño ensayo sobre una sociología de las religiones en el período romano.
This project is, first and foremost, an opportunity to conduct an in-depth review of the entire c... more This project is, first and foremost, an opportunity to conduct an in-depth review of the entire corpus of epigraphic materials relating to deities and cults in roman Lisbon. The main objective consisted in reviewing a wide range of documentation classified as Latin votive epigraphy. This task resulted in an exhaustive inventory of the theonymic forms that have a solidy established credibility, in order to develop an updated sociological study. The epigraphic sources used are confined to a set of about 65 pieces, essentialy focused in the Lisbon, Sintra, Cascais and Torres Vedras areas. In a reviewing perspective of the vast historiographic production made in the last century, it´s intended to understand on one hand, in wich way the cultural interactions were established between the urban and the rural world, wich led to different religious postures; and on the other hand, to explor the dicothomy between roman deities and Hispanic deities, two completely distinct cultural worlds. In this context, it’s intended to identify and distinguish the official cults of the private ones, in an attempt to discover to wich point the public/private and city/country dicothomies reflected and influenced the sacred. Another important aspect in this analisys consisted on the dispersion of each cult in the city, allowing to understand wich deities were worshiped in urban, rural or both environments, with public ou private nature, and also the social profile of its worshipers. In addiction, is presented a general introduction to the most important aspects from the imperial cult, with particular attention to their chronology and the direction that followed their implementation. In this context, stands out the question of the relationship between the devotio iberica and the origins of the imperial cult; the achieve of their civic range; their ritual content; and their dynamical key-agents, including in this chapter the characteristics of each priesthood (geographical distribution, chronology, election criteria, etc.); the developments that experienced the cult object (witnessed through the titles of priests); and the social profile of the elected individuals (belonging to elites who always seek for social promotion). It´s also intended to clarify the distinction between the posts of Augustalis, Seuir Augustalis e Sevir since it appears that, hidden behind a wide variety of titles, concealed only a single institution. During the preparation of this dissertation was also taken into account the identification of new findings, jointly presented with a wide range of new reading proposals.
Artigo que retoma algumas das problemáticas
tratadas pela autora em tese de mestrado apresentada... more Artigo que retoma algumas das problemáticas
tratadas pela autora em tese de mestrado apresentada
à Universidade de Lisboa, nomeadamente no âmbito do
estudo sociológico da epigrafia votiva do
municipium Olisiponense.
Com base no levantamento das entidades religiosas
e dos seus cultuantes, analisam-se as supostas dicotomias
mundo rural/urbano, divindades hispânicas/romanas e
onomástica indígena/latina. O objectivo é compreender
melhor como se estabeleceram as interacções culturais entre
os agri e a urbs, analisando para cada divindade a distribuição
do culto dentro do município, a natureza do voto
e o perfil onomástico do cultuante.
RESUMEN: Al elegir un tema pertinente a la Historia de las Ciencias de la Salud, aquellos que se ... more RESUMEN: Al elegir un tema pertinente a la Historia de las Ciencias de la Salud, aquellos que se dediquen al estudio de la Lusitania romana ciertamente verán el análisis del estado socio-jurídico de los profesionales de la medicina como una opción más que evidente. Aunque el tópico tradicional de la insuficiencia de datos ha de ser tenido en cuenta también en este caso, poseemos un conjunto sustancial de datos arqueológicos y epigráficos que nos permiten esbozar un panorama de la cuestión. Entre los documentos disponibles existe una inscripción excepcional recientemente descubierta en la capital de la Lusitania (Edmondson, 2009) que llama la atención sobre algunos elementos esenciales para comprender el proceso de formación de los médicos en un contexto provincial romano. Las restantes inscripciones, que a veces también pueden hallarse en la literatura clásica, tienen la gran ventaja de presentar ejemplos concretos de médicos, de los cuales conocemos el nombre y algunos aspectos particulares de su vida, y en los que podemos encontrar explícita o implícitamente también su condición social. Por otra parte, lo que se sabe del amplio repositorio de epígrafes del mundo romano que se refieren a los médicos permite completar el cuadro y servir de punto de comparación sobre esta realidad particular del extremo occidental del Imperio.
PALABRAS CLAVE: médicos; formación médica; estatuto servil; libertos; conexiones Olisipo-Emerita.
ABSTRACT: By choosing a pertinent topic to the History of Medical Sciences, those who dedicate themselves to the study of Roman Lusitania will certainly see the analysis of doctors socio-juridical status as an obvious option. Although the traditional topic of data scarcity can be applied to this subject, we have, nevertheless, a substantial set of archaeological and epigraphic data that allow us to draw a representation of the matter. Among the available documents, an exceptional inscription recently discovered in the capital of Lusitania (Edmondson, 2009), draws attention to some interesting elements to understand the process of medical training in a Roman provincial context. The remaining inscriptions, that sometimes quite suggestively also appear in classical literature, have the great advantage of presenting concrete examples of doctors, of whom we know the name and some particular aspects of their lives, and in which we can find explicitly or implicitly their social status. Moreover, what is known of the wide repository of epigraphs of the Roman world that refer to doctors, allow us to complete the picture and serve of parallel to this particular reality of the extreme west of the empire.
KEYWORDS: doctors; medical training; servile status; freedmen; links between Olisipo-Emerita.
Resumo: Pretende-se neste artigo atualizar algumas das considerações expostas anteriormente, frut... more Resumo: Pretende-se neste artigo atualizar algumas das considerações expostas anteriormente, fruto da descoberta de novas inscrições na área de Lisboa, que vieram complementar os dados previamente estabelecidos no que toca ao culto imperial provincial. A sua implantação e desenvolvimento dependeram estruturalmente de um conjunto de forças dinamizadoras, nomeada-mente o imperador, os governadores provinciais e os notáveis municipais. Atendendo a estas circunstâncias, em centros urbanos do litoral, como Olisipo, verificaram-se intensas e recorrentes manifestações de culto imperial estreitamente vinculadas aos fenómenos de promoção política, justificando que o ingresso nas instituições religiosas tenha implicado, simultaneamente, uma função sociopolítica para os seus membros e uma função económica para as cidades. Abstract: With this essay we aim to update some of our previous considerations on the subject of provincial imperial cult, due to the discovery of new inscriptions in the Lisbon area which complemented the previously established data on this matter. The implementation and development of this cult structurally depended from a set of driving forces, namely the emperor, the provincial
A partir del cruce de los datos provenientes de las esferas de contacto
establecidas entre políti... more A partir del cruce de los datos provenientes de las esferas de contacto establecidas entre política, religión y propaganda, en el presente artículo nos proponemos desarrollar un análisis de las consagraciones honoríficas, a fin de descubrir el mensaje ideológico oculto en los homenajes del imperio tardío; teniendo en cuenta los nuevos títulos oficiales, formularios, sincretismos divinos, nuevos tipos de munificencia y de evergetas del nuevo panorama social que reflejan los cambios sociales y el impacto de la crisis político-religiosa - categorías esenciales para entender mejor la dinámica de la Hispania tardía en lo que respecta a los medios de control y legitimación del poder puestos en marcha, ya sea por el emperador o por los notables municipales.
Algunos de los hallazgos más recientes, entre los que destaca
la inscripción de Arronches, junto ... more Algunos de los hallazgos más recientes, entre los que destaca la inscripción de Arronches, junto con nuevas propuestas de lectura de algunos epígrafes votivos, sirven de pretexto a análises de la documentación relativa a la religión de la parte meridional de Lusitania en el período romano. Es una realidad dispar, de la que aquí se tratarán tres segmentos: el territorio olisiponense, el norte de Alentejo y el extremo sur de la provincia romana. Empezando por el registro teonímico y la información a respeto de los cultuantes, se intentará definir un perfil sumario de cada una de estas regiones, así constituyendo un pequeño ensayo sobre una sociología de las religiones en el período romano.
This project is, first and foremost, an opportunity to conduct an in-depth review of the entire c... more This project is, first and foremost, an opportunity to conduct an in-depth review of the entire corpus of epigraphic materials relating to deities and cults in roman Lisbon. The main objective consisted in reviewing a wide range of documentation classified as Latin votive epigraphy. This task resulted in an exhaustive inventory of the theonymic forms that have a solidy established credibility, in order to develop an updated sociological study. The epigraphic sources used are confined to a set of about 65 pieces, essentialy focused in the Lisbon, Sintra, Cascais and Torres Vedras areas. In a reviewing perspective of the vast historiographic production made in the last century, it´s intended to understand on one hand, in wich way the cultural interactions were established between the urban and the rural world, wich led to different religious postures; and on the other hand, to explor the dicothomy between roman deities and Hispanic deities, two completely distinct cultural worlds. In this context, it’s intended to identify and distinguish the official cults of the private ones, in an attempt to discover to wich point the public/private and city/country dicothomies reflected and influenced the sacred. Another important aspect in this analisys consisted on the dispersion of each cult in the city, allowing to understand wich deities were worshiped in urban, rural or both environments, with public ou private nature, and also the social profile of its worshipers. In addiction, is presented a general introduction to the most important aspects from the imperial cult, with particular attention to their chronology and the direction that followed their implementation. In this context, stands out the question of the relationship between the devotio iberica and the origins of the imperial cult; the achieve of their civic range; their ritual content; and their dynamical key-agents, including in this chapter the characteristics of each priesthood (geographical distribution, chronology, election criteria, etc.); the developments that experienced the cult object (witnessed through the titles of priests); and the social profile of the elected individuals (belonging to elites who always seek for social promotion). It´s also intended to clarify the distinction between the posts of Augustalis, Seuir Augustalis e Sevir since it appears that, hidden behind a wide variety of titles, concealed only a single institution. During the preparation of this dissertation was also taken into account the identification of new findings, jointly presented with a wide range of new reading proposals.
Artigo que retoma algumas das problemáticas
tratadas pela autora em tese de mestrado apresentada... more Artigo que retoma algumas das problemáticas
tratadas pela autora em tese de mestrado apresentada
à Universidade de Lisboa, nomeadamente no âmbito do
estudo sociológico da epigrafia votiva do
municipium Olisiponense.
Com base no levantamento das entidades religiosas
e dos seus cultuantes, analisam-se as supostas dicotomias
mundo rural/urbano, divindades hispânicas/romanas e
onomástica indígena/latina. O objectivo é compreender
melhor como se estabeleceram as interacções culturais entre
os agri e a urbs, analisando para cada divindade a distribuição
do culto dentro do município, a natureza do voto
e o perfil onomástico do cultuante.
Uploads
Papers
PALABRAS CLAVE: médicos; formación médica; estatuto servil; libertos; conexiones Olisipo-Emerita.
ABSTRACT: By choosing a pertinent topic to the History of Medical Sciences, those who dedicate themselves to the study of Roman Lusitania will certainly see the analysis of doctors socio-juridical status as an obvious option. Although the traditional topic of data scarcity can be applied to this subject, we have, nevertheless, a substantial set of archaeological and epigraphic data that allow us to draw a representation of the matter. Among the available documents, an exceptional inscription recently discovered in the capital of Lusitania (Edmondson, 2009), draws attention to some interesting elements to understand the process of medical training in a Roman provincial context. The remaining inscriptions, that sometimes quite suggestively also appear in classical literature, have the great advantage of presenting concrete examples of doctors, of whom we know the name and some particular aspects of their lives, and in which we can find explicitly or implicitly their social status. Moreover, what is known of the wide repository of epigraphs of the Roman world that refer to doctors, allow us to complete the picture and serve of parallel to this particular reality of the extreme west of the empire.
KEYWORDS: doctors; medical training; servile status; freedmen; links between Olisipo-Emerita.
https://www.unav.edu/publicaciones/revistas/index.php/cuadernos-de-arqueologia/article/view/9686/12070
Abstract: With this essay we aim to update some of our previous considerations on the subject of provincial imperial cult, due to the discovery of new inscriptions in the Lisbon area which complemented the previously established data on this matter. The implementation and development of this cult structurally depended from a set of driving forces, namely the emperor, the provincial
establecidas entre política, religión y propaganda, en el presente artículo nos proponemos desarrollar un análisis de las consagraciones honoríficas, a fin de descubrir el mensaje ideológico oculto en los homenajes del imperio tardío; teniendo en cuenta los nuevos títulos oficiales, formularios, sincretismos divinos, nuevos tipos de munificencia y de evergetas del nuevo panorama social que reflejan los cambios sociales y el impacto de la crisis político-religiosa - categorías esenciales para entender mejor la dinámica de la Hispania tardía en lo que respecta a los medios de control y legitimación del poder puestos en marcha, ya sea por el emperador o por los notables municipales.
la inscripción de Arronches, junto con nuevas propuestas de lectura de algunos epígrafes votivos, sirven de pretexto a análises de la documentación relativa a la religión de la parte meridional de Lusitania en el período romano. Es una realidad dispar, de la que aquí se tratarán tres segmentos: el territorio olisiponense, el norte de Alentejo y el extremo sur de la provincia romana. Empezando por el registro teonímico y la información a respeto de los cultuantes, se intentará definir un perfil sumario de cada una de estas regiones, así constituyendo un pequeño ensayo sobre una sociología de las religiones en el período romano.
In a reviewing perspective of the vast historiographic production made in the last century, it´s intended to understand on one hand, in wich way the cultural interactions were established between the urban and the rural world, wich led to different religious postures; and on the other hand, to explor the dicothomy between roman deities and Hispanic deities, two completely distinct cultural worlds. In this context, it’s intended to identify and distinguish the official cults of the private ones, in an attempt to discover to wich point the public/private and city/country dicothomies reflected and influenced the sacred.
Another important aspect in this analisys consisted on the dispersion of each cult in the city, allowing to understand wich deities were worshiped in urban, rural or both environments, with public ou private nature, and also the social profile of its worshipers.
In addiction, is presented a general introduction to the most important aspects from the imperial cult, with particular attention to their chronology and the direction that followed their implementation. In this context, stands out the question of the relationship between the devotio iberica and the origins of the imperial cult; the achieve of their civic range; their ritual content; and their dynamical key-agents, including in this chapter the characteristics of each priesthood (geographical distribution, chronology, election criteria, etc.); the developments that experienced the cult object (witnessed through the titles of priests); and the social profile of the elected individuals (belonging to elites who always seek for social promotion). It´s also intended to clarify the distinction between the posts of Augustalis, Seuir Augustalis e Sevir since it appears that, hidden behind a wide variety of titles, concealed only a single institution.
During the preparation of this dissertation was also taken into account the identification of new findings, jointly presented with a wide range of new reading proposals.
tratadas pela autora em tese de mestrado apresentada
à Universidade de Lisboa, nomeadamente no âmbito do
estudo sociológico da epigrafia votiva do
municipium Olisiponense.
Com base no levantamento das entidades religiosas
e dos seus cultuantes, analisam-se as supostas dicotomias
mundo rural/urbano, divindades hispânicas/romanas e
onomástica indígena/latina. O objectivo é compreender
melhor como se estabeleceram as interacções culturais entre
os agri e a urbs, analisando para cada divindade a distribuição
do culto dentro do município, a natureza do voto
e o perfil onomástico do cultuante.
PALABRAS CLAVE: médicos; formación médica; estatuto servil; libertos; conexiones Olisipo-Emerita.
ABSTRACT: By choosing a pertinent topic to the History of Medical Sciences, those who dedicate themselves to the study of Roman Lusitania will certainly see the analysis of doctors socio-juridical status as an obvious option. Although the traditional topic of data scarcity can be applied to this subject, we have, nevertheless, a substantial set of archaeological and epigraphic data that allow us to draw a representation of the matter. Among the available documents, an exceptional inscription recently discovered in the capital of Lusitania (Edmondson, 2009), draws attention to some interesting elements to understand the process of medical training in a Roman provincial context. The remaining inscriptions, that sometimes quite suggestively also appear in classical literature, have the great advantage of presenting concrete examples of doctors, of whom we know the name and some particular aspects of their lives, and in which we can find explicitly or implicitly their social status. Moreover, what is known of the wide repository of epigraphs of the Roman world that refer to doctors, allow us to complete the picture and serve of parallel to this particular reality of the extreme west of the empire.
KEYWORDS: doctors; medical training; servile status; freedmen; links between Olisipo-Emerita.
https://www.unav.edu/publicaciones/revistas/index.php/cuadernos-de-arqueologia/article/view/9686/12070
Abstract: With this essay we aim to update some of our previous considerations on the subject of provincial imperial cult, due to the discovery of new inscriptions in the Lisbon area which complemented the previously established data on this matter. The implementation and development of this cult structurally depended from a set of driving forces, namely the emperor, the provincial
establecidas entre política, religión y propaganda, en el presente artículo nos proponemos desarrollar un análisis de las consagraciones honoríficas, a fin de descubrir el mensaje ideológico oculto en los homenajes del imperio tardío; teniendo en cuenta los nuevos títulos oficiales, formularios, sincretismos divinos, nuevos tipos de munificencia y de evergetas del nuevo panorama social que reflejan los cambios sociales y el impacto de la crisis político-religiosa - categorías esenciales para entender mejor la dinámica de la Hispania tardía en lo que respecta a los medios de control y legitimación del poder puestos en marcha, ya sea por el emperador o por los notables municipales.
la inscripción de Arronches, junto con nuevas propuestas de lectura de algunos epígrafes votivos, sirven de pretexto a análises de la documentación relativa a la religión de la parte meridional de Lusitania en el período romano. Es una realidad dispar, de la que aquí se tratarán tres segmentos: el territorio olisiponense, el norte de Alentejo y el extremo sur de la provincia romana. Empezando por el registro teonímico y la información a respeto de los cultuantes, se intentará definir un perfil sumario de cada una de estas regiones, así constituyendo un pequeño ensayo sobre una sociología de las religiones en el período romano.
In a reviewing perspective of the vast historiographic production made in the last century, it´s intended to understand on one hand, in wich way the cultural interactions were established between the urban and the rural world, wich led to different religious postures; and on the other hand, to explor the dicothomy between roman deities and Hispanic deities, two completely distinct cultural worlds. In this context, it’s intended to identify and distinguish the official cults of the private ones, in an attempt to discover to wich point the public/private and city/country dicothomies reflected and influenced the sacred.
Another important aspect in this analisys consisted on the dispersion of each cult in the city, allowing to understand wich deities were worshiped in urban, rural or both environments, with public ou private nature, and also the social profile of its worshipers.
In addiction, is presented a general introduction to the most important aspects from the imperial cult, with particular attention to their chronology and the direction that followed their implementation. In this context, stands out the question of the relationship between the devotio iberica and the origins of the imperial cult; the achieve of their civic range; their ritual content; and their dynamical key-agents, including in this chapter the characteristics of each priesthood (geographical distribution, chronology, election criteria, etc.); the developments that experienced the cult object (witnessed through the titles of priests); and the social profile of the elected individuals (belonging to elites who always seek for social promotion). It´s also intended to clarify the distinction between the posts of Augustalis, Seuir Augustalis e Sevir since it appears that, hidden behind a wide variety of titles, concealed only a single institution.
During the preparation of this dissertation was also taken into account the identification of new findings, jointly presented with a wide range of new reading proposals.
tratadas pela autora em tese de mestrado apresentada
à Universidade de Lisboa, nomeadamente no âmbito do
estudo sociológico da epigrafia votiva do
municipium Olisiponense.
Com base no levantamento das entidades religiosas
e dos seus cultuantes, analisam-se as supostas dicotomias
mundo rural/urbano, divindades hispânicas/romanas e
onomástica indígena/latina. O objectivo é compreender
melhor como se estabeleceram as interacções culturais entre
os agri e a urbs, analisando para cada divindade a distribuição
do culto dentro do município, a natureza do voto
e o perfil onomástico do cultuante.