Francesca Galli, LLM (Paris) PhD (Cantab)
Francesca Galli is a Research Associate of the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies (Centre for Judicial Cooperation), at the European University Institute, where she has worked also as Jean Monnet Fellow (2017/18). Her research focuses on cross-border information sharing and new integration dynamics within the EU AFSJ.
She has lectured over several years in various institutions, including the University of Maastricht (Lecturer and then Assistant Professor), the Université Libre de Bruxelles (Lecturer) and Sciences-Po Paris (Lecturer).
Francesca's main area of interest is the relationship between European and national criminal law. Her research activities have developed around the shift towards prevention in the fight against terrorism. During her PhD at the University of Cambridge, she has first analysed the broader picture of developments in criminal justice in recent years from a comparative perspective. While working as a FNRS postdoctoral fellow at the Institut d’Etudes Européennes (ULB) she brought the analysis of current trends to a European dimension.
Francesca has obtained a a BA and MA in Trieste (Italy) in International and Diplomatic Studies and then a 2-year LLM in Carrières Juridiques et Judiciaires at Sciences-Po Paris. She is a scholar of the Maastricht Centre for European Law, a member of the European Criminal Law Academic Network, the Association Internationale de Droit Penal and the Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI).
At the early stage of her career, she has done numerous internships in non-academic environments (e.g. Liaison Magistrates in London and Paris on judicial cooperation matters). Later in life, she acted as private consultant for RAND Europe, ECORYS and CSES, in the context of impact assessments and evaluations of policies both in civil and criminal law (request for services of the EC - DG Justice, DG Home and OLAF); as well as independent Consultant for the Italian MP Stefano Dambruoso, providing major comparative and EU policy advices and legal input for a 2016 Bill of parliamentary initiative on the prevention of radicalization and jihadist extremism. As criminal law and counter-terrorism expert, she provided expertise also to non-academic audiences, and often had the opportunity to be invited as an expert on different occasions in the news/TV shows and to be broadcasted in radio programs to comment upon terrorist attacks, possible reactions by governments, as well as on their social and legal consequences.
Supervisors: Deirdre Curtin
She has lectured over several years in various institutions, including the University of Maastricht (Lecturer and then Assistant Professor), the Université Libre de Bruxelles (Lecturer) and Sciences-Po Paris (Lecturer).
Francesca's main area of interest is the relationship between European and national criminal law. Her research activities have developed around the shift towards prevention in the fight against terrorism. During her PhD at the University of Cambridge, she has first analysed the broader picture of developments in criminal justice in recent years from a comparative perspective. While working as a FNRS postdoctoral fellow at the Institut d’Etudes Européennes (ULB) she brought the analysis of current trends to a European dimension.
Francesca has obtained a a BA and MA in Trieste (Italy) in International and Diplomatic Studies and then a 2-year LLM in Carrières Juridiques et Judiciaires at Sciences-Po Paris. She is a scholar of the Maastricht Centre for European Law, a member of the European Criminal Law Academic Network, the Association Internationale de Droit Penal and the Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI).
At the early stage of her career, she has done numerous internships in non-academic environments (e.g. Liaison Magistrates in London and Paris on judicial cooperation matters). Later in life, she acted as private consultant for RAND Europe, ECORYS and CSES, in the context of impact assessments and evaluations of policies both in civil and criminal law (request for services of the EC - DG Justice, DG Home and OLAF); as well as independent Consultant for the Italian MP Stefano Dambruoso, providing major comparative and EU policy advices and legal input for a 2016 Bill of parliamentary initiative on the prevention of radicalization and jihadist extremism. As criminal law and counter-terrorism expert, she provided expertise also to non-academic audiences, and often had the opportunity to be invited as an expert on different occasions in the news/TV shows and to be broadcasted in radio programs to comment upon terrorist attacks, possible reactions by governments, as well as on their social and legal consequences.
Supervisors: Deirdre Curtin
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Edited Books by Francesca Galli, LLM (Paris) PhD (Cantab)
Articles, case notes and reports by Francesca Galli, LLM (Paris) PhD (Cantab)
Internet is often used for terrorist purposes, for recruitment and train- ing, or the glorification of terrorist activities. In particular, internet plat- forms such as Twitter, Instagram or Youtube offer the possibility to sys- tematically and instantaneously spread a message to thousands of users around the globe, taking the shape of captivating images and/or videos. A crucial issue which emerges in the EU Commission Digital Market Strat- egy is the pressure imposed on internet companies for them to monitor the content of their platform with reference to contents that could violate national and/or European provisions on freedom of expression. Until to- day there have been forms of voluntary cooperation between the public and private sector. However, the recent proposal for a regulation of the Commission constitutes a major change in approach. This contribution as- sesses the proposal, and how it developed. Then it highlights that the assignment of a monitoring role to private companies could have a signifi- cant added value given in terms of the specific competences offered to law enforcement authorities, but also significant implications on fundamental rights, including the freedom of expression. Such impact is aggravated by the use of algorithms and mechanism for automatic removal. In conclu- sion the article elaborates upon further challenges which remain to be ad- dressed.
The other aim of this special issue is to address matters that have not been explored as much in prior research, namely how to guarantee effective judicial protection in the field of data protection and data sharing and also how to tackle the interplay between data protection and other fields, such as tax law and competition law. More precisely, the current focus of data protection enforcement lies on public enforcement by data protection authorities: it seems that in the current procedural framework there is a lag regarding judicial enforcement that could guarantee effective judicial protection. On top of this, data protection concerns have only recently been addressed by the Union legislator in fields such as tax law.
After an introduction to the EU legislative framework on data protection and to the recent case law of the CJEU, the editorial presents the main overarching conclusions that emerge from the special issue. It then assesses whether and how the current legislative reform addresses the existing shortcomings in the EU data protection framework.
Internet is often used for terrorist purposes, for recruitment and train- ing, or the glorification of terrorist activities. In particular, internet plat- forms such as Twitter, Instagram or Youtube offer the possibility to sys- tematically and instantaneously spread a message to thousands of users around the globe, taking the shape of captivating images and/or videos. A crucial issue which emerges in the EU Commission Digital Market Strat- egy is the pressure imposed on internet companies for them to monitor the content of their platform with reference to contents that could violate national and/or European provisions on freedom of expression. Until to- day there have been forms of voluntary cooperation between the public and private sector. However, the recent proposal for a regulation of the Commission constitutes a major change in approach. This contribution as- sesses the proposal, and how it developed. Then it highlights that the assignment of a monitoring role to private companies could have a signifi- cant added value given in terms of the specific competences offered to law enforcement authorities, but also significant implications on fundamental rights, including the freedom of expression. Such impact is aggravated by the use of algorithms and mechanism for automatic removal. In conclu- sion the article elaborates upon further challenges which remain to be ad- dressed.
The other aim of this special issue is to address matters that have not been explored as much in prior research, namely how to guarantee effective judicial protection in the field of data protection and data sharing and also how to tackle the interplay between data protection and other fields, such as tax law and competition law. More precisely, the current focus of data protection enforcement lies on public enforcement by data protection authorities: it seems that in the current procedural framework there is a lag regarding judicial enforcement that could guarantee effective judicial protection. On top of this, data protection concerns have only recently been addressed by the Union legislator in fields such as tax law.
After an introduction to the EU legislative framework on data protection and to the recent case law of the CJEU, the editorial presents the main overarching conclusions that emerge from the special issue. It then assesses whether and how the current legislative reform addresses the existing shortcomings in the EU data protection framework.
The research places anti-terrorism legislation developments in a broader context of major changes within modern society in Western Europe, which are challenging the traditional setting of all criminal justice systems: in particular the perilous emergence of an “us and them” approach to criminal justice, which German legal writers call a Feindstrafrecht. In this way, it traces the potential long-term impact of exceptional anti-terrorism measures on the criminal justice system as a whole through a process of “normalisation” of extraordinary measures.
The study identifies the factors which influence the development of antiterrorism policies and legislation. It then assesses whether and how the individual or simultaneous influence and the interaction of such factors changes over time and between different countries, and if so, why. The hope is that this process will help to shape future anti-terrorism policies and legislation which are compatible with the respect of individual rights.
Among the factors affecting criminal justice systems, the influence of EU law developments is taking more space and a common response is either emerging or has been envisaged.