This study was conducted to develop an efficient regeneration protocol used for sesame genetic tr... more This study was conducted to develop an efficient regeneration protocol used for sesame genetic transformation. Published regeneration methods using 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indol-3-butyric acid (IBA), and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were used in this experiment. Cotyledon explants of 14 Ethiopian genotypes collected from Humera Agricultural Research Center (HuARC) were used. Optimized culture conditions were used to investigate the regeneration response of different genotypes. Significant interactions between hormone treatments, MS media, and genotypes for shoot and root regeneration were recorded. Results showed that culture of cotyledons were developed and used as a source of explants for shoot regeneration. The highest shoot number, leaf number, and shoot length were recorded on explants cultured on 1.00 mg·L−1 BAP + 1.00 mg·L−1 NAA in Hirhir and Aberghele, 0.75 mg·L−1 BAP + 1.00 mg·L−1 NAA in Baha Zeyit, and 1.0 mg·L−1 BAP + 1.00 mg·L−1 NAA in Humera 1, respectively. The lo...
The emerging oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, also known as the queen of oilseeds, is being grown gl... more The emerging oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, also known as the queen of oilseeds, is being grown globally for its oil content for medicinal and nutritional values. One of the key challenges of sesame cultivation is its low productivity. In the present study, sodium azide (NaN3) was used as a chemical mutagen. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of NaN3 on quantitative and qualitative stem traits in the M2 generation of Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Seeds of fourteen sesame genotypes were used in this study and germinated and grown under greenhouse conditions. Different qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Traits such as plant height, ground distance to first distance, and internode length were significantly affected by NaN3 treatment. The highest plant height was recorded in the control on Humera 1 and Baha Necho genotypes, while the lowest was observed on Setit 2 and Hirhir treated with the chemical. The highest ground distance...
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is widely spread in several countries of the world and it is known as... more Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is widely spread in several countries of the world and it is known as a multi-purpose plant. In Ethiopia sesame is considered as one of the main cash crops next to coffee. In spite of the economic importance of sesame for the Ethiopian economy there is big fluctuation in both production and yield. The aim of this paper is to review the existing status, features, significance and new approaches for improvement of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in the case of Ethiopia. Integration of marker assisted selection (MAS) into conventional breeding programs, plant tissue culture, and induced mutation will be an optimistic strategy for sesame improvement due to the high demand for raw material to agro-processing industries and to generate hard currency. Conventional plant breeding in sesame are marred with several limitations such as access to a limited gene pool, crossing barriers, inefficient selection and being time consuming. Plant tissue culture has been extensiv...
Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals ... more Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals and microbial species whose preservation is of global importance. Currently, abiotic and biotic stresses are challenging these resources. Ethiopia with estimated 100 million inhabitants will have a high demand for food, feed, and energy in the next 20-30 years, which seems impossible using the usual conventional agricultural practices. However, the country is still dependent on conventional agriculture with limited use of its rich genetic resources. Even though modern biotechnology has economic, environmental, industrial and health benefits, genetic engineering is still debated. Moreover, the status, challenges and future role of biotechnology in Ethiopia is not documented in such a way that researchers and development actors use it easily. The status of modern biotechnology in Ethiopia is at an early stage with plant tissue culture as a major achievement. GM-cotton confined field trial ...
Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis lectin rece... more Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis lectin receptor kinase gene ( LecRK - I.9 or LecRK - IX.1 ) show enhanced resistance to Phytophthora pathogens, demonstrating conserved gene functionality after interfamily transfer. In plants, cell surface receptors mediate the first layer of innate immunity against pathogenic microbes. In Arabidopsis several L-type lectin receptor kinases (LecRKs) were previously found to function as Phytophthora resistance components. In this study, we determined the functionality of Arabidopsis LecRK-I.9 or LecRK-IX.1 in Phytophthora resistance when transferred into the Solanaceous plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Multiple transgenic lines were generated for each LecRK gene and molecular analyses revealed variation in transgene copy number, transgene expression levels and LecRK protein accumulation. Infection assays showed that transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing either Arabidopsis LecRK-I.9 or LecRK-IX.1 a...
Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals ... more Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals and microbial species whose preservation is of global importance. Currently, abiotic and biotic stresses are challenging these resources. Ethiopia with estimated 100 million inhabitants will have a high demand for food, feed, and energy in the next 20-30 years, which seems impossible using the usual conventional agricultural practices. However, the country is still dependent on conventional agriculture with limited use of its rich genetic resources. Even though modern biotechnology has economic, environmental, industrial and health benefits, genetic engineering is still debated. Moreover, the status, challenges and future role of biotechnology in Ethiopia is not documented in such a way that researchers and development actors use it easily. The status of modern biotechnology in Ethiopia is at an early stage with plant tissue culture as a major achievement. GM-cotton confined field trial was started in 2016 and shown to have a promising result. Hence, in addition to the abiotic stresses, future biotechnology researches in Ethiopia should focus on solving the biotic stresses such as fall armyworm, Carmine cochineal, Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus, Parthenium hysterophorus and Water Hyacinth of Lake Tana.
Key message Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis... more Key message Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis lectin receptor kinase gene (LecRK-I.9 or LecRK-IX.1) show enhanced resistance to Phytophthora pathogens, demonstrating conserved gene functionality after interfamily transfer. Abstract In plants, cell surface receptors mediate the first layer of innate immunity against pathogenic microbes. In Arabidopsis several L-type lectin receptor kinases (LecRKs) were previously found to function as Phytophthora resistance components. In this study, we determined the functionality of Arabidopsis LecRK
This study was conducted to develop an efficient regeneration protocol used for sesame genetic tr... more This study was conducted to develop an efficient regeneration protocol used for sesame genetic transformation. Published regeneration methods using 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indol-3-butyric acid (IBA), and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were used in this experiment. Cotyledon explants of 14 Ethiopian genotypes collected from Humera Agricultural Research Center (HuARC) were used. Optimized culture conditions were used to investigate the regeneration response of different genotypes. Significant interactions between hormone treatments, MS media, and genotypes for shoot and root regeneration were recorded. Results showed that culture of cotyledons were developed and used as a source of explants for shoot regeneration. The highest shoot number, leaf number, and shoot length were recorded on explants cultured on 1.00 mg·L−1 BAP + 1.00 mg·L−1 NAA in Hirhir and Aberghele, 0.75 mg·L−1 BAP + 1.00 mg·L−1 NAA in Baha Zeyit, and 1.0 mg·L−1 BAP + 1.00 mg·L−1 NAA in Humera 1, respectively. The lo...
The emerging oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, also known as the queen of oilseeds, is being grown gl... more The emerging oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, also known as the queen of oilseeds, is being grown globally for its oil content for medicinal and nutritional values. One of the key challenges of sesame cultivation is its low productivity. In the present study, sodium azide (NaN3) was used as a chemical mutagen. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of NaN3 on quantitative and qualitative stem traits in the M2 generation of Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Seeds of fourteen sesame genotypes were used in this study and germinated and grown under greenhouse conditions. Different qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Traits such as plant height, ground distance to first distance, and internode length were significantly affected by NaN3 treatment. The highest plant height was recorded in the control on Humera 1 and Baha Necho genotypes, while the lowest was observed on Setit 2 and Hirhir treated with the chemical. The highest ground distance...
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is widely spread in several countries of the world and it is known as... more Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is widely spread in several countries of the world and it is known as a multi-purpose plant. In Ethiopia sesame is considered as one of the main cash crops next to coffee. In spite of the economic importance of sesame for the Ethiopian economy there is big fluctuation in both production and yield. The aim of this paper is to review the existing status, features, significance and new approaches for improvement of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in the case of Ethiopia. Integration of marker assisted selection (MAS) into conventional breeding programs, plant tissue culture, and induced mutation will be an optimistic strategy for sesame improvement due to the high demand for raw material to agro-processing industries and to generate hard currency. Conventional plant breeding in sesame are marred with several limitations such as access to a limited gene pool, crossing barriers, inefficient selection and being time consuming. Plant tissue culture has been extensiv...
Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals ... more Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals and microbial species whose preservation is of global importance. Currently, abiotic and biotic stresses are challenging these resources. Ethiopia with estimated 100 million inhabitants will have a high demand for food, feed, and energy in the next 20-30 years, which seems impossible using the usual conventional agricultural practices. However, the country is still dependent on conventional agriculture with limited use of its rich genetic resources. Even though modern biotechnology has economic, environmental, industrial and health benefits, genetic engineering is still debated. Moreover, the status, challenges and future role of biotechnology in Ethiopia is not documented in such a way that researchers and development actors use it easily. The status of modern biotechnology in Ethiopia is at an early stage with plant tissue culture as a major achievement. GM-cotton confined field trial ...
Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis lectin rece... more Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis lectin receptor kinase gene ( LecRK - I.9 or LecRK - IX.1 ) show enhanced resistance to Phytophthora pathogens, demonstrating conserved gene functionality after interfamily transfer. In plants, cell surface receptors mediate the first layer of innate immunity against pathogenic microbes. In Arabidopsis several L-type lectin receptor kinases (LecRKs) were previously found to function as Phytophthora resistance components. In this study, we determined the functionality of Arabidopsis LecRK-I.9 or LecRK-IX.1 in Phytophthora resistance when transferred into the Solanaceous plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Multiple transgenic lines were generated for each LecRK gene and molecular analyses revealed variation in transgene copy number, transgene expression levels and LecRK protein accumulation. Infection assays showed that transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing either Arabidopsis LecRK-I.9 or LecRK-IX.1 a...
Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals ... more Ethiopia is one of the richest countries in biodiversity with a large variety of plants, animals and microbial species whose preservation is of global importance. Currently, abiotic and biotic stresses are challenging these resources. Ethiopia with estimated 100 million inhabitants will have a high demand for food, feed, and energy in the next 20-30 years, which seems impossible using the usual conventional agricultural practices. However, the country is still dependent on conventional agriculture with limited use of its rich genetic resources. Even though modern biotechnology has economic, environmental, industrial and health benefits, genetic engineering is still debated. Moreover, the status, challenges and future role of biotechnology in Ethiopia is not documented in such a way that researchers and development actors use it easily. The status of modern biotechnology in Ethiopia is at an early stage with plant tissue culture as a major achievement. GM-cotton confined field trial was started in 2016 and shown to have a promising result. Hence, in addition to the abiotic stresses, future biotechnology researches in Ethiopia should focus on solving the biotic stresses such as fall armyworm, Carmine cochineal, Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus, Parthenium hysterophorus and Water Hyacinth of Lake Tana.
Key message Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis... more Key message Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines with constitutive expression of an Arabidopsis lectin receptor kinase gene (LecRK-I.9 or LecRK-IX.1) show enhanced resistance to Phytophthora pathogens, demonstrating conserved gene functionality after interfamily transfer. Abstract In plants, cell surface receptors mediate the first layer of innate immunity against pathogenic microbes. In Arabidopsis several L-type lectin receptor kinases (LecRKs) were previously found to function as Phytophthora resistance components. In this study, we determined the functionality of Arabidopsis LecRK
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