CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II

ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

COLUMNAS DE HORMIGÓN ARMADO

Diagrama de interacción

Factor de reducción de resistencia

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Deformarciones unitarias y fuerza actuantes en la sección transversal

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Ejemplo. - Graficar el diagrama de interacción en la dirección principal de la siguiente columna de

hormigón armado con los siguientes datos:

40.00
𝑓𝑐′ = 250[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2 ]

𝑓𝑦 = 4200[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2 ]
30.00

𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑜 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = 10𝜙16[𝑚𝑚]

5.40 𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 = 𝜙6[𝑚𝑚] 𝑐/20[𝑐𝑚]

15.10
𝑟𝑒𝑐 = 4[𝑐𝑚]
24.90
34.60

Datos de la sección transversal:

𝐴𝑔 = 𝑏 · 𝑡 = 30 · 40 = 1200.00[𝑐𝑚 2 ]

𝜋 · 1.62
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 10 ( ) = 20.10[𝑐𝑚 2 ]
4

𝜋 · 1.62
𝐴𝑠𝑡1 = 𝐴𝑠𝑡4 = 3 ( ) = 6.03[𝑐𝑚 2 ]
4

𝜋 · 1.62
𝐴𝑠𝑡2 = 𝐴𝑠𝑡3 = 2 ( ) = 4.02[𝑐𝑚 2 ]
4

Considerando únicamente carga axial:

𝑃0 = 0.85 · 𝑓𝑐′ (𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑠𝑡 ) + 𝑓𝑦 · 𝐴𝑠𝑡

𝑃0 = 0.85 · 250(1200 − 20.10) + 4200 · 20.10

𝑃0 = 335,148.75[𝑘𝑔] = 335.15[𝑡𝑛]

𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.80 · 𝑃0 = 0.80 · 335,148.75[𝑘𝑔]

𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 268,119.00[𝑘𝑔] = 268.12[𝑡𝑛]

Para la cuantía balanceada se tiene:

𝑐𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.6 · 𝑑 = 0.6 · 34.6

𝑐𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 20.76[𝑐𝑚]

Trabajamos para c balanceado:

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Para el acero tenemos:

0.003
𝜀𝑠 𝑖 = (𝑐 − 𝑑𝑖 )
𝑐

0.003
𝜀𝑠 1 = 20.76 (20.76 − 5.40) = 0.00222

0.003
𝜀𝑠 2 = (20.76 − 15.10) = 0.00082
20.76

0.003
𝜀𝑠 3 = 20.76 (20.76 − 24.90) = −0.00060

0.003
𝜀𝑠 4 = 20.76 (20.76 − 34.60) = −0.00200

𝑓𝑖 = 𝜀𝑠 𝑖 · 𝐸𝑠 se debe cumplir que: −𝑓𝑦 ≤ 𝑓𝑖 ≤ 𝑓𝑦

𝑓1 = 0.00222 · 2.1 · 106 = 4662[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2 ] > 𝑓𝑦 → 𝑓1 = 4200[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ]

𝑓2 = 0.00082 · 2.1 · 106 = 1722[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2 ]

𝑓3 = −0.00060 · 2.1 · 106 = −1260[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ]

𝑓4 = −0.00200 · 2.1 · 106 = −4200[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 2 ]

Cálculo de las fuerzas:

𝐹𝑖 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑖 · 𝑓𝑖

𝐹1 = 6.03 · 4200 = 25326.00[𝑘𝑔]

𝐹2 = 4.02 · 1722 = 6922.44[𝑘𝑔]

𝐹3 = 4.02 · (−1260) = −5065.20[𝑘𝑔]

𝐹4 = 6.03 · (−4200) = −25326.00[𝑘𝑔]

𝐶𝑠 = ∑ 𝐹𝑖 = 1857.24[𝑘𝑔]

Cálculo de momentos:

ℎ
𝑥𝑖 = − 𝑑𝑖
2

40
𝑥1 = 2
− 5.40 = 14.60[𝑐𝑚]

40
𝑥2 = 2
− 15.10 = 4.90[𝑐𝑚]

40
𝑥3 = 2
− 24.90 = −4.90[𝑐𝑚]

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

40
𝑥4 = 2
− 34.60 = −14.60[𝑐𝑚]

𝑀𝑖 = 𝐹𝑖 · 𝑥𝑖

𝑀1 = 25326.00 · 14.60 = 369,759.60[𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚]

𝑀2 = 6922.44 · 4.90 = 33,919.96[𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚]

𝑀3 = (−5065.20) · (−4.90) = 24,819.48[𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚]

𝑀4 = (−25326.00) · (−14.60) = 369,759.60[𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚]

𝑀𝑠 = ∑ 𝑀𝑖 = 798,258.64[𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚]

Para el concreto tenemos:

𝑐 𝑓′
𝛽1 = 1.05 − 1400 se de cumplir que: 0.65 ≤ 𝛽1 ≤ 0.85

250
𝛽1 = 1.05 − = 0.87 > 0.85 → 𝛽1 = 0.85
1400

𝑎 = 𝛽1 · 𝑐

𝑎 = 0.85 · 20.76 = 17.646[𝑐𝑚]

𝐶𝑐 = 0.85 · 𝑓𝑐′ · 𝑏 · 𝑎

𝐶𝑐 = 0.85 · 250 · 30 · 17.646 = 112,493.25[𝑘𝑔]

ℎ−𝑎
𝑥𝑐 = 2

40−17.646
𝑥𝑐 = = 11.177[𝑐𝑚]
2

𝑀𝑐 = 𝐶𝑐 · 𝑥𝑐

𝑀𝑐 = 112,493.25 · 11.177 = 1,257,337.06[𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚]

Finalmente tenemos:

𝑃𝑛 = 𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠 = 112,493.25 + 1857.24

𝑃𝑛 = 114,350.49[𝑘𝑔] = 114.35[𝑡𝑛]

𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑐 + 𝑀𝑠 = 1,257,337.06 + 798,258.64

𝑀𝑛 = 2,055,595.30[𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚] = 20.56[𝑡𝑛 · 𝑚]

Se trabaja con distintas profundidades del eje neutro para obtener el diagrama de interacción:

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

𝑓1  𝑓2 𝑓3 𝑓4
c [cm] 𝜀𝑠 1 𝜀𝑠 2  𝜀𝑠 3  𝜀𝑠 4 
[𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 ] [𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 ] [𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚 ] [𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ]
2 2 2

40.00 0.00260 0.00187 0.00113 0.00041 4,200.00 3,927.00 2,373.00 861.00

34.60 0.00253 0.00169 0.00084 0.00000 4,200.00 3,549.00 1,764.00 0.00
30.00 0.00246 0.00149 0.00051 -0.00046 4,200.00 3,129.00 1,071.00 -966.00
24.90 0.00235 0.00118 0.00000 -0.00117 4,200.00 2,478.00 0.00 -2,457.00
20.76 0.00222 0.00082 -0.00060 -0.00200 4,200.00 1,722.00 -1,260.00 -4,200.00
15.10 0.00193 0.00000 -0.00195 -0.00387 4,053.00 0.00 -4,095.00 -4,200.00
10.00 0.00138 -0.00153 -0.00447 -0.00738 2,898.00 -3,213.00 -4,200.00 -4,200.00
5.40 0.00000 -0.00539 -0.01083 -0.01622 0.00 -4,200.00 -4,200.00 -4,200.00

c [cm] 𝐹1 [𝑘𝑔] 𝐹2 [𝑘𝑔] 𝐹3 [𝑘𝑔] 𝐹4 [𝑘𝑔] 𝑥1 [𝑐𝑚] 𝑥2 [𝑐𝑚] 𝑥3 [𝑐𝑚] 𝑥4 [𝑐𝑚]

40.00 25,326.00 15,786.54 9,539.46 5,191.83 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60

34.60 25,326.00 14,266.98 7,091.28 0.00 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60
30.00 25,326.00 12,578.58 4,305.42 -5,824.98 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60
24.90 25,326.00 9,961.56 0.00 -14,815.71 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60
20.76 25,326.00 6,922.44 -5,065.20 -25,326.00 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60
15.10 24,439.59 0.00 -16,461.90 -25,326.00 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60
10.00 17,474.94 -12,916.26 -16,884.00 -25,326.00 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60
5.40 0.00 -16,884.00 -16,884.00 -25,326.00 14.60 4.90 -4.90 -14.60

c [cm] 𝑀1 [𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚] 𝑀2 [𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚] 𝑀3 [𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚] 𝑀4 [𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚] 𝑪𝒔 [𝒌𝒈] 𝑴𝒔 [𝒌𝒈 · 𝒄𝒎]

40.00 369,759.60 77,354.05 -46,743.35 -75,800.72 55,843.83 324,569.57

34.60 369,759.60 69,908.20 -34,747.27 0.00 46,684.26 404,920.53
30.00 369,759.60 61,635.04 -21,096.56 85,044.71 36,385.02 495,342.79
24.90 369,759.60 48,811.64 0.00 21,6309.37 20,471.85 634,880.61
0.00 369,759.60 33,919.96 24,819.48 36,9759.60 1,857.24 798,258.64
15.10 356,818.01 0.00 80,663.31 36,9759.60 -17,348.31 807,240.92
10.00 255,134.12 -63,289.67 82,731.60 36,9759.60 -37,651.32 644,335.65
5.40 0.00 -82,731.60 82,731.60 36,9759.60 -59,094.00 369,759.60

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Para el concreto se tiene:

c [cm] a [cm] 𝑥𝑐 [𝑐𝑚] 𝑪𝒄 [𝒌𝒈] 𝑴𝒄 [𝒌𝒈 · 𝒄𝒎]

40.00 34.00 3.00 216,750.00 650,250.00

34.60 29.41 5.30 187,488.75 992,752.93
30.00 25.50 7.25 162,562.50 1,178,578.13
24.90 21.17 9.42 134,926.88 1,270,673.85
20.76 17.65 11.18 112,493.25 1,257,337.06
15.10 12.84 13.58 81,823.13 1,111,362.60
10.00 8.50 15.75 54,187.50 853,453.13
5.40 4.59 17.71 29,261.25 518,070.43
Finalmente tenemos:

c [cm] 𝑃𝑛 [𝑘𝑔] 𝑀𝑛 [𝑘𝑔 · 𝑐𝑚] 𝑷𝒏 [𝒕𝒏] 𝑴𝒏 [𝒕𝒏 · 𝒎] e [cm]

40.00 272,593.83 974,819.57 272.59 9.75 3.58

34.60 234,173.01 1,397,673.46 234.17 13.98 5.97
30.00 198,947.52 1,673,920.92 198.95 16.74 8.41
24.90 155,482.18 1,905,145.52 155.48 19.05 12.25
20.76 114,350.49 2,055,595.69 114.35 20.56 17.98
15.10 64,474.82 1,918,603.52 64.47 19.19 29.76
10.00 16,536.18 1,497,788.78 16.54 14.98 90.58
5.40 -29,832.75 887,830.03 -29.83 8.88 -29.76

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Graficando estos valores obtenemos el diagrama de interacción:

Pn [tn]

350
Po

300

Pmax
250

200

150

100

50

0
5 10 15 20 25 Mn [tn·m]
-50

-As·fy
-100

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Diagrama de interacción completo para fuerzas nominales:

Pn [tn]

350
Po

300

Pmax
250

200

150

100

50

0
5 10 15 20 25 Mn [tn·m]

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Diagrama de interacción simplificado para fuerzas nominales:

Pn [tn]

350
Po

300

Pmax
250

200

150

100

50

0
5 10 15 20 25 Mn [tn·m]
-50

-As·fy
-100

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 CIV-3210 “B” HORMIGÓN ARMADO II
ING. ALVARO JAEN KRAVAROVIC

Diagrama de interacción con los factores de reducción de resistencia:

Pn [tn]

350
Po

300

Pmax
250

200

150

100

50

0
5 10 15 20 25 Mn [tn·m]

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