sumpah
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Malay sumpah, from Classical Malay sumpah, from Old Malay sumpaḥ, probably from Old Javanese sumpah (“oath, imprecation”), śumāpa (“to curse”), śāpa (“curse, malediction, abuse, oath, imprecation”) + -um- (“active, indicative verb”), from Sanskrit शाप (śāpa, “curse, oath”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]sumpah (first-person possessive sumpahku, second-person possessive sumpahmu, third-person possessive sumpahnya)
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]sumpah (first-person possessive sumpahku, second-person possessive sumpahmu, third-person possessive sumpahnya)
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “sumpah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]There are two main theories as to its etymology:
- From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sumpaq. Cognate with Tagalog sumpa and Javanese sumpah.
- From Old Javanese sumpah (“oath, imprecation”), śumāpa (“to curse”), śāpa (“curse, malediction, abuse, oath, imprecation”) + -um- (“active, indicative verb”), from Sanskrit शाप (śāpa, “curse, oath”).
First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (sumpaḥ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]sumpah (Jawi spelling سومڤه, plural sumpah-sumpah, informal 1st possessive sumpahku, 2nd possessive sumpahmu, 3rd possessive sumpahnya)
Verb
[edit]sumpah (Jawi spelling سومڤه)
- To swear, to promise.
- Aku sumpah, aku tak tidur dengan suami kau!
- I swear I didn't sleep with your husband!
- To curse, to cuss, to swear.
- Sambil dihukum mati, Mahsuri menyumpah Langkawi supaya tidak aman selama tujuh keturunan.
- As she was executed, Mahsuri cursed Langkawi to seven generations of unrest.
Derived terms
[edit]Affixations
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Indonesian: sumpah
Further reading
[edit]- “sumpah” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*sumpaq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Old Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Javanese
- Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms borrowed from Old Javanese
- Malay terms derived from Old Javanese
- Malay terms derived from Sanskrit
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/pah
- Rhymes:Malay/ah
- Rhymes:Malay/ah/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- Malay verbs
- Malay verbs without transitivity
- Malay terms with usage examples