kommen
Crimean Gothic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *kwemaną.
Verb
[edit]kommen
- to come
- 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq:
- Kommen. Venire.
- 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq:
Danish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Via Middle Low German komen, komīn from Latin cumīnum, from Ancient Greek κύμινον (kúminon), from Akkadian 𒂵𒈬𒉡 (Ú.GAMUN /kamūnu/). Compare also Swedish kummin, German Kümmel, English cumin.
Noun
[edit]kommen (singular definite kommen, not used in plural form)
Declension
[edit]gender |
Singular | |
---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | |
nominative | kommen | kommen |
genitive | kommens | kommens |
Further reading
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]kommen
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kommen
Verb
[edit]kommen
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of kommen (strong class 4, irregular) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | kommen | |||
past singular | kwam | |||
past participle | gekommen | |||
infinitive | kommen | |||
gerund | kommen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | kom | kwam | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | komt, kom2 | kwam | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | komt | kwam | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | komt | kwaamt | ||
3rd person singular | komt | kwam | ||
plural | kommen | kwamen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | komme | kwame | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | kommen | kwamen | ||
imperative sing. | kom | |||
imperative plur.1 | komt | |||
participles | kommend | gekommen | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German komen, kumen, quemen, from Old High German queman (rarer cuman, chuman), from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-. Cognate with Low German kamen, Dutch komen, English come, Danish komme.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈkɔmən/, [ˈkɔmən], [ˈkɔmm̩]
- (colloquial) IPA(key): [ˈkɔmm̩]
Audio: (file) Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: kom‧men
- Rhymes: -ɔmən
Verb
[edit]kommen (class 4 strong, third-person singular present kommt, past tense kam, past participle gekommen, past subjunctive käme, auxiliary sein)
- (intransitive) to come; to arrive
- Er kam letzte Nacht sehr spät nach Hause. ― He came home very late last night.
- Als ich nach Wuppertal kam, hatte es gerade geschneit ― When I arrived in Wuppertal, it had just snowed.
- (intransitive) to come to; to come over (go somewhere so as to join someone else)
- Bleib sitzen! Ich komme zu dir. ― Keep your seat! I’m coming over to you.
- Und viele kamen zu ihm und sprachen... ― And many resorted unto him and said... (John 10:41)
- (intransitive) to get; to make it (go somewhere in a way that implies an obstacle or difficulty to be overcome)
- Ich komme nicht über die Mauer. ― I can’t get over this wall.
- Wenn er den Zug verpasst, kommt er heute nicht nach Nürnberg. ― If he misses the train, he won’t make it to Nuremberg today.
- (intransitive) to go to; to be put in (go somewhere in a way that is predetermined or prearranged)
- Hartnäckige Sünder kommen in die Hölle. ― Persistant sinners will go to hell.
- Die Gruppensieger kommen ins Halbfinale. ― The group winners will go to the semifinals.
- (intransitive, imperative, often with schon) to come on (used to encourage someone)
- Ach komm, das wird so schlimm nicht werden. ― Aw, come on, it won’t be so bad.
- Kommt, deckt schon mal den Tisch! ― Come on, just set the table already.
- (intransitive, impersonal) to occur; to happen; to come to be
- Dann kam, was alle befürchtet hatten. ― Then happened that which everybody had feared.
- Wie kommt es, dass...? ― Why is it that ...? How come that...?
- (impersonal) to be played (of a song or film)
- Eben kam mein Lieblingslied. ― They just played my favourite song.
- (intransitive) to be due to; to be the result of [with von (+ dative) or durch (+ accusative) ‘something’]
- Das kommt alles von deiner Faulheit. ― All of that is due to your laziness.
- (intransitive) to come from (to have a social or geographic background) [with aus (+ dative)]
- Sie kommt aus der Schweiz. ― She comes from Switzerland.
- Sie kommt aus einer Diplomatenfamilie. ― She comes from a family of diplomats.
- (intransitive) to orgasm; to cum
- Ich komme gleich! ― I’m about to cum!
- (impersonal) to orgasm; for there to be cumming [with dative ‘by someone’] (idiomatically translated by English cum with the dative object as the subject)
- Mir kommt's gleich! ― I’m about to cum!
- (intransitive) to be statistically equivalent to; to be there for [with auf (+ accusative)]
- Auf jeden Verkehrstoten kommen zwanzig Verletzte.
- For each traffic fatality there are twenty injured people.
- (intransitive) to obtain (a solution or result) [with auf (+ accusative)]
- Die Werte wurden frisiert, um auf das gewünschte Ergebnis zu kommen.
- The values were manipulated in order to obtain the desired result.
- (intransitive) to get an idea; to think of; to remember; to imagine [with auf (+ accusative)]
- Ich komme im Moment nicht drauf, aber ich sag’s dir später.
- I can’t think of it right now, but I’ll tell you later.
- Ich weiß wirklich nicht, wie du immer auf diese Einfälle kommst.
- I really don’t know how you always get all those ideas.
- (intransitive) to lose; to forfeit; not to get [with um (+ accusative)]
- Er hat Angst, dass er um seinen Anteil kommt.
- He fears that he won’t get his share.
- (intransitive) to touch inadvertently [with an (+ accusative) or gegen (+ accusative) ‘something’]
- Pass auf, dass du nicht an die frische Farbe kommst.
- Be careful not to touch the wet paint.
- (intransitive) to manage to reach (something high up etc.) [with an (+ accusative)]
- Hilf ihm mal, er kommt nicht an den Griff.
- Help him, he can't reach the handle.
- (informal, intransitive) to come up with, to mention, cite, suggest [with mit (+ dative)]
- Er kommt immer wieder mit diesem dummen Vorschlag.
- Time and again he comes up with that stupid suggestion.
- (colloquial, copulative) to turn out [with gut or in Ordnung ‘well’]
- Am Ende kommt hoffentlich alles gut.
- In the end, hopefully all will turn out well.
Usage notes
[edit]- In dialectal usage, and in archaic written style, the 2nd and 3rd person singular forms of the present may have umlaut: du kömmst, er kömmt.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | kommen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | kommend | ||||
past participle | gekommen | ||||
auxiliary | sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich komme | wir kommen | i | ich komme | wir kommen |
du kommst | ihr kommt | du kommest | ihr kommet | ||
er kommt | sie kommen | er komme | sie kommen | ||
preterite | ich kam | wir kamen | ii | ich käme1 | wir kämen1 |
du kamst | ihr kamt | du kämest1 du kämst1 |
ihr kämet1 ihr kämt1 | ||
er kam | sie kamen | er käme1 | sie kämen1 | ||
imperative | komm (du) komme (du) |
kommt (ihr) |
1This form and alternative in würde both found.
Derived terms
[edit]- abhandenkommen (verb)
- abkommen (verb), Abkommen n
- ankommen (verb)
- aufkommen (verb), Aufkommen n
- auskommen (verb), Auskommen n
- bekommen (verb)
- beikommen (verb)
- dahinterkommen (verb)
- davonkommen (verb)
- dazwischenkommen (verb)
- draufkommen (verb)
- durcheinanderkommen (verb)
- durchkommen (verb)
- Einkommen n
- entgegenkommen, Entgegenkommen n
- entkommen (verb), Entkommen n
- entlangkommen (verb)
- fortkommen (verb), Fortkommen n
- freikommen (verb)
- gekommen (adjective)
- heimkommen (verb)
- herankommen (verb)
- herkommen (verb)
- herabkommen (verb)
- herankommen (verb)
- heraufkommen (verb)
- herauskommen (verb)
- hereinkommen (verb)
- herkommen (verb)
- herüberkommen (verb)
- herumkommen (verb)
- herunterkommen (verb)
- hervorkommen (verb)
- hinkommen (verb)
- hinabkommen (verb)
- hinaufkommen (verb)
- hinauskommen (verb)
- hineinkommen (verb)
- hinterherkommen (verb)
- hinüberkommen (verb)
- hinunterkommen (verb)
- hinwegkommen (verb)
- hinzukommen (verb)
- infrage kommen (verb) or in Frage kommen (verb)
- klarkommen (verb)
- Kommen n
- mitkommen (verb)
- nachkommen (verb), Nachkommen n
- nahekommen (verb)
- niederkommen (verb)
- rankommen (verb)
- raufkommen (verb)
- rausbekommen (verb)
- rauskommen (verb)
- rüberkommen (verb)
- rumkommen (verb)
- runterkommen (verb)
- überkommen (verb)
- umkommen (verb)
- übereinkommen (verb)
- überkommen (verb)
- unterkommen (verb)
- vorankommen (verb)
- vorbeikommen (verb)
- verkommen (verb/adjective)
- vorkommen (verb), Vorkommen n
- vorwärtskommen (verb)
- wegkommen (verb)
- weiterkommen (verb)
- wiederkommen
- zugutekommen (verb)
- zukommen (verb)
- zurechtkommen (verb)
- zurückkommen (verb), Zurückkommen n
- zusammenkommen (verb)
Further reading
[edit]- “kommen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “kommen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “kommen” in Duden online
- “kommen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Luxembourgish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German komen, from Old High German kweman. Cognate with German kommen, Dutch komen, English come.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kommen (third-person singular present kënnt, preterite koum, past participle komm, past subjunctive kéim, auxiliary verb sinn)
- to come
Conjugation
[edit]Irregular with past tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | kommen | |||
participle | komm | |||
auxiliary | sinn | |||
present indicative |
past indicative |
conditional | imperative | |
1st singular | kommen | koum | kéim | — |
2nd singular | kënns | koums | kéims | komm |
3rd singular | kënnt | koum | kéim | — |
1st plural | kommen | koumen | kéimen | — |
2nd plural | kommt | koumt | kéimt | kommt |
3rd plural | kommen | koumen | kéimen | — |
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. |
Derived terms
[edit]- auskommen
- bäikommen
- bekommen
- dervukommen
- dropkommen
- drukommen
- duerchkommen
- duerkommen
- ëmkommen
- ënnerkommen
- entkommen
- entgéintkommen
- erakommen
- erauskommen
- erbäikommen
- erëmkommen
- eriwwerkommen
- erofkommen
- eropkommen
- ewechkommen
- fortkommen
- hierkommen
- iwwerkommen
- matkommen
- nokommen
- ofkommen
- opkommen
- ukommen
- verkommen
- virkommen
- virukommen
- weiderkommen
- zeréckkommen
- zoukommen
Swedish
[edit]Participle
[edit]kommen
- past participle of komma
Verb
[edit]kommen
- (obsolete) second-person plural present indicative of komma
- (archaic or dialectal) second-person plural imperative of komma
- Upp, alla I som ären törstiga, kommen hit och fån vatten
- Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters (Isaiah 55:1)
- Crimean Gothic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Crimean Gothic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Crimean Gothic lemmas
- Crimean Gothic verbs
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Danish terms derived from Latin
- Danish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Danish terms derived from Akkadian
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
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- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔmən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔmən/2 syllables
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch noun forms
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Brabantian Dutch
- Dutch informal terms
- Dutch class 4 strong verbs
- Dutch irregular strong verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- Rhymes:German/ɔmən
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German strong verbs
- German class 4 strong verbs
- German verbs using sein as auxiliary
- German intransitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- German impersonal verbs
- German informal terms
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- German copulative verbs
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German
- Luxembourgish 2-syllable words
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- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish verbs
- Luxembourgish verbs using sinn as auxiliary
- Luxembourgish verbs with past tense
- Swedish non-lemma forms
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- Swedish terms with usage examples