cothrom

Irish

Alternative forms

• comhthrom (obsolete)
• cothromach (adjective only)

Etymology

By surface analysis, comh- +‎ trom. From Middle Irish comthrom (“of the same weight”), replacing earlier Old Irish cutrummae (“of the same weight”), com- +‎ trummae.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɔhɾˠəmˠ/

Adjective

cothrom (genitive singular masculine cothroim, genitive singular feminine cothroime, plural cothroma, comparative cothroime)

1. equally heavy, balanced
2. equal
3. level

   Synonym: cothromúil

Declension

Declension of cothrom

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	cothrom	chothrom	cothroma; chothroma²
Vocative	chothroim		cothroma
Genitive		cothroime	cothroma	cothrom
Dative	cothrom; chothrom¹	chothrom; chothroim (archaic)	cothroma; chothroma²
Comparative	níos cothroime
Superlative	is cothroime

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• cluiche cothrom (“evenly-played, drawn, game”)
• cothromaigh (“even, level; balance, equalize”, transitive verb)
• cothromán m (“horizontal”)
• cothromas m (“equity”)
• cothromóir m (“leveller; equalizer; trimmer”)

 

Related terms

• cothromaíocht f (“evenness, balance; equilibrium”)
• cothromaitheach (“balancing”, adjective)
• cothrománach (“horizontal”, adjective)
• cothromasach (“equitable”, adjective)

 

Noun

cothrom m (genitive singular cothroim, nominative plural cothroim)

1. an equal weight

   a chothrom d’ór ― his weight in gold

2. equity, justice, fair play

   ar an gcothrom ― on the level

3. a level area (of ground etc., also figuratively)

   cothrom sa bhféar ghlas ― an even place in the grass

   i gcothrom le ― equal to, level with

Declension

Declension of cothrom

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative cothrom cothroim Vocative a chothroim a chothroma Genitive cothroim cothrom Dative cothrom cothroim

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an cothrom na cothroim Genitive an chothroim na gcothrom Dative leis an gcothrom don chothrom leis na cothroim

Derived terms

• cothrom an lae (“anniversary”)
• céim chothroim (“equative”)
• cothrom na Féinne (“fair play”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cothrom	chothrom	gcothrom
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cothrom”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “cothrom”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “cothrom”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “comthrom”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish comthrom (“of the same weight”), equivalent to co- +‎ trom. Doublet of cudrom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʰɔrˠəm/

Adjective

cothrom

1. (mathematics) even (not odd)

   Antonym: còrr

Noun

cothrom m (genitive singular cothruim, plural cothroman)

1. chance, opportunity
2. balance, equilibrium, equity, impartiality
3. scales, balance (device)
4. justice

Derived terms

• ana-cothrom (“disadvantage, unfairness”)
• co-chothrom (“balance”)
• co-chothromach (“symmetrical”)
• cothromach (“fair, just, impartial”)
• mì-chothrom (“disadvantage, unfairness”)
• thoir cothrom do (“enable”)

 

Mutation

Mutation of cothrom

radical	lenition
cothrom	chothrom

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “comthrom”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language