cardo

See also: cardò and cardó

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cardō (“hinge”). Doublet of kern.

Noun

cardo (plural cardines)

1. (zoology) The basal joint of the maxilla in insects
2. (zoology) The hinge of a bivalve shell.
3. (Ancient Rome) A street that ran north-south, in an Ancient Roman town or city

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “cardo”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

Anagrams

• Draco, draco, Acord, C-Road, Coard

Catalan

Verb

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

Galician

Cardo

Etymology 1

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin carduus.

Alternative forms

• cardio

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaɾðo̝/

Noun

cardo m (plural cardos)

1. thistle
   • c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 7:

     mays a terra mays lle criaua cardos et espyñas et outras eruas et cousas danosas que o estoruauam que [nõ] o que el semẽtaua

     but the earth did not produce but thistles and thorns and other plants and weeds that would rather hinder him than that that he sowed

Derived terms

• Cardal
• Cardedo
• cardo bravo
• cardo leiteiro
• cardo marítimo
• cardo molar
• cardo santo
• cardo veliño
• Cardosa
• Cardoso

References

• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cardo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cardo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cardo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cardo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Etymology 2

Verb

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkar.do/
• Rhymes: -ardo
• Hyphenation: càr‧do

Etymology 1

From Latin carduus (“thistle”).

Noun

cardo m (plural cardi)

1. thistle
2. teasel
3. implement for carding wool with thistle-like bristles, card

   Synonym: scardasso

Derived terms

• cardeto
• cardone

Verb

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardare

Etymology 2

From Latin cardō (“hinge, astronomical pole”), hence, north-south line.

Noun

cardo m (plural cardi)

1. the principal north-south street in Roman cities or encampments

Anagrams

• cadrò, corda, croda, draco

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.doː/, [ˈkärd̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.do/, [ˈkärd̪o]

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Traditionally related to Ancient Greek κράδη (krádē, “twig, spray; swing, crane in the drama”), but unlikely as the concordant sense of swing is metaphorical and likely too recent. Or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd- (“to move, sway, swing, jump”) and so cognate with Proto-Germanic *herzô (“bar, pivot, hinge”) (whence English har (“hinge”)). Compare in any case Old High German scerdo (“hinge”).

Noun

cardō m (genitive cardinis); third declension

1. hinge (of a door or gate), usually a pivot and socket in Roman times.
2. (by extension) a tenon, mortice, or socket
3. A street, that ran north-south, in a Roman town or military camp
4. (figuratively) turning point, critical moment or action
5. (figuratively) the symbolism of the hinge in ancient Roman religion and myth
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.101–102:

     Prīma diēs tibi, Carnā, datur. dea cardinis haec est:
     nūmine clausa aperit, claudit aperta suō.

     The first day [of June] is being given to you, Carna. This is the goddess of the hinge: by her divine power she opens the closed, [and] closes the opened.
     (Ovid conflates the June festival of the goddess Carna with the mythology of Cardea; see also Janus and Hinge.)

6. (astronomy) a pole

Declension

Third-declension noun

	singular	plural
nominative	cardō	cardinēs
genitive	cardinis	cardinum
dative	cardinī	cardinibus
accusative	cardinem	cardinēs
ablative	cardine	cardinibus
vocative	cardō	cardinēs

Derived terms

• Cardea
• cardinālis
• cardinātus
• cardineus
• cardo maximus

Descendants

• French: carne, charnière
• Italian: cardine, cardo
• Spanish: cárdine
• English: cardinal

See also

• decumanus (“east-west street”)

Etymology 2

Variant form of carduus (“wild thistle, artichoke”); see also cardus, cardunculus.

Attested in the eighth-century Reichenau Glossary.

Noun

cardō m (genitive cardōnis or cardinis); third declension (Early Medieval Latin)

1. thistle or some similar plant

Declension

Third-declension noun (two different stems)

	singular	plural
nominative	cardō	cardinēs cardōnēs
genitive	cardinis cardōnis	cardinum cardōnum
dative	cardinī cardōnī	cardinibus cardōnibus
accusative	cardinem cardōnem	cardinēs cardōnēs
ablative	cardine cardōne	cardinibus cardōnibus
vocative	cardō	cardinēs cardōnēs

Descendants

• Old French:
  • French: chardon
• Old Occitan: cardon
  • → Italian: cardone
  • → Middle French: cardon
    • French: cardon
    • → English: cardoon
• Sicilian: carduni

References

• “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cardo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cardo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the pole: vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
    
• “cardo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “cardo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Portuguese

Etymology 1

From Latin carduus.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkaʁ.du/ [ˈkaɦ.du]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkaʁ.du/ [ˈkaɦ.du]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈkaɾ.du/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈkaʁ.du/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkaɻ.do/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈkaɾ.du/ [ˈkaɾ.ðu]

Noun

cardo m (plural cardos)

1. thistle (plant)

Related terms

• cárdeo

Etymology 2

Verb

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaɾdo/ [ˈkaɾ.ð̞o]

• Audio (Spain):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾdo
• Syllabification: car‧do

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin carduus.

Noun

cardo m (plural cardos)

1. thistle
2. cardoon (plant)
3. (Spain) prickly customer
4. (Spain) butt ugly person

Derived terms

• cardo abadejo
• cardo azul
• cardo bendito
• cardo chuza
• cardo gigante
• cardo lanudo
• cardo mariano
• cardo ruso
• cardo yesquero

 

Related terms

• cardencha

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

Further reading

• “cardo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28