caedes

Galician

Verb

caedes

1. second-person plural present indicative of caer

Latin

Alternative forms

• caedis
• cēdēs (Medieval Latin)

Etymology

From caedō (“I cut down, hew”) +‎ -ēs.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkae̯.deːs/, [ˈkäe̯d̪eːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃe.des/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːd̪es]

Noun

caedēs f (genitive caedis); third declension

1. the act of cutting or lopping something off
2. the act of striking with the fist, a beating
3. (by extension) murder, assassination, killing, slaughter, massacre, carnage
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.20-21:

     “[...] miserī post fāta Sychaeī / coniugis et sparsōs frāternā caede penātīs, [...].”

     “[...] ever since the wretched fate of Sychaeus, [my late] husband, [when] our hearth-gods were blood-stained by a fraternal murder, [...].”
     (Dido’s brother Pygmalion had murdered her husband Sychaeus, a grievous act which dishonored her familial penates.)

4. (metonymically) the corpses of the slain or murdered
5. (metonymically) the blood shed by murder, gore

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	caedēs	caedēs
Genitive	caedis	caedium
Dative	caedī	caedibus
Accusative	caedem	caedēs caedīs
Ablative	caede	caedibus
Vocative	caedēs	caedēs

Synonyms

• (murder): cruor, nex, occīsiō
• (corpse): corpus, fūnus, mors, cadāver
• (gore): cruor

Related terms

• caedō
• caeduus
• caelāmen
• caelātor
• caelātūra
• caelō
• caelum (“chisel”)
• caesa
• caesim
• caesiō
• caesor
• caespes
• caesum
• caesūra
• caesus
• -cīda
• -cīdium

References

• “caedes”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “caedes”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• caedes in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to threaten war, carnage: denuntiare bellum, caedem (Sest. 20. 46)
    
  • there was great slaughter of fugitives: magna caedes hostium fugientium facta est
    
  • to cause great slaughter, carnage: ingentem caedem edere (Liv. 5. 13)