Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ārï

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative Reconstruction

• *(h)ārgï (per Räsänen)

Etymology

Räsänen reconstructs this root as *hārγï, which is then compared with Finnish paarma (“horsefly, gadfly”).

Chuvash and Kipchak languages at large seem to have adopted the compound *bạl *kūrtnï (“honey worm”) instead of *ārï.

Noun

*ārï

1. bee, wasp

Declension

Declension of *ārï

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*ārï
Accusative	*ārïg, *ārïnï1)
Genitive	*ārïnïŋ
Dative	*ārïka
Locative	*ārïda
Ablative	*ārïdan
Allative	*ārïgaru
Instrumental 2)	*ārïn
Equative 2)	*ārïča
Similative 2)	*ārïlayu
Comitative 2)	*ārïlïgu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • ⇒ Chuvash: тӗкӗлтура (tĕk̬ĕlt̬ura, “humble bee”)

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: hârı
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: arı
    • Ottoman Turkish: آری (arı)
      • Gagauz: aarı
      • Turkish: arı
      • → Crimean Tatar: arı
  • Turkmen: ary
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (arı)
    • Chagatai: اری (arı)
      • Uzbek: ari
        • → Tajik: ору (oru)
      • Uyghur: ھەرە (here)
• Kipchak: [script needed] (aru)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: ара (ara)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: аары (aarı)
      • Southern Altai: адару (adaru), аару (aaru)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur: ʾʾry (arı)
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: ыҥырыа (ıñırıa)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: аар (aar)
      • Shor: аары (ārı)
    • Tofa: ары (arı)
    • Tuvan: ары (arı)
      • Kuu-Kizhi: ару (aru)
      • Kumandy-Kizhi: аары (aarı)

See also

Animals in Turkic
Dog	dog: *ï̄t	Hunting Dog	hunting dog: *eker	Hen	hen: *tiakïgu
Lark	lark: *torgay	Pigeon	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	Quail	quail: *bïldurčïn
Sparrow	sparrow: *serče	Hawk	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	Goose	goose: *kāŕ
Wolf	wolf: *bȫrü	Cow	cow: *ingek	Calf	calf: *buŕagu
Camel	camel: *tebe	Young Camel	young of camel: *kȫĺek, *botu	Horse	horse: *at
Foal	foal: *kulun	Worm	worm: *kūrt	Snake	snake: *yï̄lan
Fox	fox: *tilkü	goat	goat: *keči	He-goat	he-goat: *teke
Lion	lion: *arsïlan	Fish	fish: *bālïk	Abramis brama	carp bream: *čapak
Donkey	donkey: *eĺčgek	Carp	carp: *siāŕgan	Catfish	catfish: *yāyïn
Beaver	beaver: *kunduŕ	Hedgehog	hedgehog: *kirpi	Badger	badger: *borsmuk
Fly	fly, mosquito: *siŋek	Bee	wasp, bee: *ārï	Gadlfy	gadfly: *bȫgen
Moth	moth: *küńe	Louse	louse: *bït	Earthworm	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
Yak	yak: *kotuz	Colt	colt: *sïp	Dragon	dragon: *siāŕgan
Worm	worm: *kūrt	Deer	deer: *keyik, *sïgun, *bulan, *bugu	Lizard	lizard: *keleŕ

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “arı:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 196, 197
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 25, 26
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill