Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aganą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂ógʰe, a reduplicated stative form from *h₂egʰ- (“to fear, be distressed”). The full-grade root *ōg- served as the basis for the Gothic infinitive, while the zero grade survived in other petrified forms, compare 𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍃 (agis). Cognate with Old Irish ad·ágadar, Old English eġe, Ancient Greek ἄχος (ákhos, “pain, grief”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑ.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*aganą

1. to fear, to be afraid

Inflection

Conjugation of *aganą (preterite-present)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*ōg	*agį̄	—	—	—
2nd singular	*ōht	*agīz	—	—	—
3rd singular	*ōg	*agī	—	—	—
1st dual	*agū	*agīw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*agudiz	*agīdiz	—	—	—
1st plural	*agum	*agīm	—	—	—
2nd plural	*agud	*agīd	—	—	—
3rd plural	*agun	*agīn	—	—	—
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*ahtǭ	*ahtēdį̄
2nd singular	*ahtēz	*ahtēdīz
3rd singular	*ahtē	*ahtēdī
1st dual	*ahtēdū	*ahtēdīw
2nd dual	*ahtēdudiz	*ahtēdīdiz
1st plural	*ahtēdum	*ahtēdīm
2nd plural	*ahtēdud	*ahtēdīd
3rd plural	*ahtēdun	*ahtēdīn
	present	past
participles	*agandz	*ahtaz

Related terms

• *agaz
• *ōgijaną
• *unagandz
  • Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (unagands)

Descendants

• Gothic: 𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ōgan)