岳
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]岳 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人一山 (OMU), four-corner 72772, composition ⿱丘山)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 309, character 31
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8001
- Dae Jaweon: page 609, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 767, character 14
- Unihan data for U+5CB3
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
岳 | |
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alternative forms | 𡵹 𡶓 𡷒 𡶳 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 岳 | |
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Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 丘 (“hill”) + 山 (“mountain”).
Etymology 1
[edit]Unclear. Compare Proto-North Bahnaric *ŋŏk ("mountain") (> Halang ngŏk and Sedang ŋɔ). Note also Proto-Hlai *hŋwʔo³ (“mountain”) and perhaps also Burmese ငေါ (ngau:), [script needed] (ŋok-ŋak, “project, stick up or out”), [script needed] (ŋroŋʼ, “any sharp thing sticking out; sharp stump or thorn”), and Tibetan རྔོག (rngog, “hump”) (Schuessler, 2007).
STEDT instead derives it from provisional Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kak (“expensive, at its peak”) and considers it cognate to 極 (OC *N‑kək; N‑k(r)ək, “ridge of house; the highest point; extreme limit, utmost”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *kak (“expensive, intense, at its peak”) (> Lisu [script needed] (phy²¹ kha³⁵, “expensive”)), Ersu phɛ⁵⁵ khuɑ⁵⁵ (“expensive”), and Galo `kog dɨr (“peak”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yuo2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngo̍k
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8ngoq; 8yoq; 8yuq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yuè
- Wade–Giles: yüeh4
- Yale: ywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yueh
- Palladius: юэ (jue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɥɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yuo2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iuo
- Sinological IPA (key): /yo²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngok6
- Yale: ngohk
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngok9
- Guangdong Romanization: ngog6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngo̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: ngog
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngog6
- Sinological IPA: /ŋok̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- 8ngoq - colloquial;
- 8yoq, 8yuq - literary.
- Middle Chinese: ngaewk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤrok/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋroːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]岳
- (alt. form 嶽) tall mountain
- 天子祭天下名山大川:五岳視三公,四瀆視諸侯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Tiānzǐ jì tiānxià míngshān dàchuān: wǔyuè shì sāngōng, sìdú shì zhūhóu. [Pinyin]
- The Son of Heaven sacrificed to all the famous hills and great streams under the sky: the five mountains receiving (sacrificial) honours like the honours paid (at court) to the three ducal ministers, and the four rivers receiving (sacrificial) honours like those paid to the princes of states.
天子祭天下名山大川:五岳视三公,四渎视诸侯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (historical) name of a mountain (generally interpreted as 嵩山 (Sōng Shān, “Mount Song”) (Eno, 2009))
- 壬子卜:又于岳。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: Oracle Bone Inscription CZN 147 (1), from collection 殷墟小屯村中村南甲骨 ("Oracle bones from the center and south of Xiaotun village in the Wastes of Yin"). Transliterated and translated in Anderson (2015)
- Rénzǐ bǔ: yòu yú Yuè. [Pinyin]
- Crack-making on rénzǐ (day 49): Make an offering to Yuè.
- parent-in-law
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]- 五岳 (wǔyuè)
- 五岳四瀆/五岳四渎
- 令岳
- 四山五岳
- 四岳
- 山岳 (shānyuè)
- 岳丈 (yuèzhàng)
- 岳伯
- 岳墳/岳坟
- 岳家 (yuèjiā)
- 岳家軍/岳家军
- 岳岳
- 岳崗/岳岗 (Yuègǎng)
- 岳州 (Yuèzhōu)
- 岳底 (Yuèdǐ)
- 岳廟/岳庙
- 岳撼山崩 (yuèhàn-shānbēng)
- 岳普湖 (Yuèpǔhú)
- 岳母 (yuèmǔ)
- 岳溪 (Yuèxī)
- 岳父 (yuèfù)
- 岳牧
- 岳陽/岳阳 (Yuèyáng)
- 岳陽樓/岳阳楼 (Yuèyánglóu)
- 岳飛/岳飞 (Yuèfēi)
- 投潘岳果
- 搖山振岳/摇山振岳
- 方岳
- 景岳全書/景岳全书
- 海岳名言
- 淵渟岳峙/渊渟岳峙
- 潘岳白髮/潘岳白发
- 潘岳貌美
- 潘岳鬢白/潘岳鬓白
- 福如山岳
- 華岳/华岳
- 負山戴岳/负山戴岳
- 關岳/关岳
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 岳 – see 嶽 (“tall mountain; highest peak”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 嶽). |
Notes:
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Etymology 3
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 岳 – see 𩓥 (“to raise one's head”). (This character is a variant form of 𩓥). |
References
[edit]- “岳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]岳 | |
嶽 |
Kanji
[edit](Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 嶽)
Readings
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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岳 |
たけ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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嶽 (kyūjitai) |
Directly cognate with 丈 (take, “height”). Indirectly cognate with 高 (taka, “height”), 高い (takai, “high”), and 長ける (takeru, “to be high”).
Noun
[edit]- a tall mountain
- a mountain peak
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 612:
- Taqe. (タケ) (嶽・岳) 山脈や山の高い所, あるいは, 頂. これの本来の語はDaqe (だけ)である.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Suffix
[edit]- mount, mountain
- 乗鞍岳 ― Norikura-dake ― Mount Norikura
Etymology 2
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
Etymology 3
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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岳 |
がく Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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嶽 (kyūjitai) |
Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
References
[edit]- Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]岳 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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