兌

See also: 兑 and ☱

兌 U+514C, 兌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-514C ← 克 [U+514B] CJK Unified Ideographs 免 → [U+514D]

Translingual

Han character

兌 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 金口竹山 (CRHU), four-corner 8021₆, composition ⿱八兄)

Derived characters

• 說, 稅, 悅, 脫, 銳, 閱, 敓, 蛻

Related characters

• 兑

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 124, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1356
• Dae Jaweon: page 264, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 271, character 1
• Unihan data for U+514C

Chinese

trad.		兌/兑*
simp.		兑*
alternative forms		兊 𠫞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 兌
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script j20626 j20627 j20628 j20629 Bronze inscriptions b13472 b13473 b13474 Small seal script s06203 Transcribed ancient scripts L36231 L36232 L36233 L36234 L21314 L21315 L21316 L21317 L21318
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (兌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
毤	*l̥ʰoːds
蛻	*l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod
娧	*l̥ʰoːds, *lod
駾	*l̥ʰoːds
裞	*l̥ʰoːds, *hljods
兌	*l'oːds
綐	*l'oːds
銳	*l'oːds, *lods
帨	*stʰods, *hljods
稅	*hljods
說	*hljods, *hljod, *lod
涚	*hljods
䫄	*rtʰoːd
脫	*l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
侻	*l̥ʰoːd
挩	*l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
莌	*l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
梲	*l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd
鮵	*l'oːd
敓	*l'oːd
痥	*l'oːd
悅	*lod, *lod
閱	*lod

In the oracle bone script, it is a ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 八 (“speech; breath”) + 口 (“mouth”) + 人 (“person”) – speech; original character of 說 (OC *hljod, “to speak”). It is also a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːds) : phonetic 㕣 (OC *lon) + semantic 人 (“person”).

Alternatively, 八 may be interpreted as smile lines above the mouth (Gao Hongjin) or as meaning “to divide” (Lin Yiguang, i.e. the mouth is divided when smiling); in either case, the character would be the original character of 悅 (OC *lod, “pleased”).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): duì (dui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): deoi³ / deoi⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tui
• Northern Min (KCR): do̿
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tōe / tūi / lúi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): duê⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: duì
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: duèi
    • Wade–Giles: tui⁴
    • Yale: dwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duey
    • Palladius: дуй (duj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: deoi³ / deoi⁶
    • Yale: deui / deuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doey³ / doey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: dêu³ / dêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɵy̯³³/, /tɵy̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tui
    • Hakka Romanization System: dui
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dui⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /tu̯i⁵⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: do̿
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /to³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe
    • Tâi-lô: tuē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doe
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tue⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tue³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tue²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tūi
    • Tâi-lô: tuī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dui
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tui³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lúi
    • Tâi-lô: luí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luie
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lui⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: duê⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuĕ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tue³⁵/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 兌
Mandarin	Beijing	/tuei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/tuei⁵³/
	Tianjin	/tuei⁵³/
	Jinan	/tuei²¹/
	Qingdao	/tue⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/tuei³¹²/
	Xi'an	/tuei⁴⁴/
	Xining	/tuɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/tuei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/tuei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/tuei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/tei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/tuei¹³/
	Guiyang	/tuei²¹³/
	Kunming	/tuei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/tuəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/te⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/tuei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/tuæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/tuei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/de²³/
	Suzhou	/de̞³¹/
	Hangzhou	/dui¹³/
	Wenzhou	/dai²²/
Hui	Shexian	/tʰɛ²²/
	Tunxi	/tə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/tei⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/təi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/tʰui²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/tui³¹/
	Taoyuan	/tʰui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tøy³³/
	Nanning	/tui²²/
	Hong Kong	/tøy³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tue²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tɔy²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/to³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tue³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔdui³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: dwajH

Rime
Character	兌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	泰 (26)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	杜外切
Baxter	dwajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/dʷɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/duɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dwajH/
Li Rong	/duɑiH/
Wang Li	/duɑiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	duì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	deoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤot-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'oːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	兌	兌
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	duì	duì
Middle Chinese	‹ dwajH ›	‹ dwajH ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁot-s/	/*lˁot-s/
English	passage; opening	glad
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	兌
Reading #	1/1
No.	2547
Phonetic component	兑
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	兊
Old Chinese	/*l'oːds/

Definitions

兌

1. to exchange
2. to dilute (with a fluid)

   兌水／兑水  ―  duì shuǐ  ―  to dilute with water

   • 韋四太爺就叫把這罈酒拿出來，兌上十斤新酒。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     韦四太爷就叫把这坛酒拿出来，兑上十斤新酒。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE

     Wéi sì tàiyé jiù jiào bǎ zhè tán jiǔ ná chūlái, duì shàng shí jīn xīn jiǔ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. ☱, the 2nd of the 8 trigrams
4. 58th hexagram of the I Ching
5. a surname

Compounds

• 兌付／兑付 (duìfù)
• 兌坊／兑坊
• 兌子／兑子
• 兌換／兑换 (duìhuàn)
• 兌換利益／兑换利益
• 兌換券／兑换券 (duìhuànquàn)
• 兌換率／兑换率 (duìhuànlǜ)
• 兌條／兑条
• 兌款／兑款
• 兌獎／兑奖
• 兌現／兑现 (duìxiàn)
• 兌用／兑用
• 兌轉／兑转
• 兌運／兑运
• 兌頭／兑头
• 勻兌／匀兑
• 匯兌／汇兑 (huìduì)
• 商兌／商兑 (shāngduì)
• 國外匯兌／国外汇兑
• 外幣兌換／外币兑换
• 官收官兌／官收官兑
• 折兌／折兑
• 承兌／承兑 (chéngduì)
• 拆兌／拆兑 (chāiduì)
• 擠兌／挤兑 (jǐduì)
• 攙兌／搀兑 (chānduì)
• 止兌／止兑
• 砸兌／砸兑
• 磨兌／磨兑

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 兌 – see 銳 (“sharp; keen; acute; pointed; 14th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "penetration"; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 銳).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 兌 – see 悅 (“pleased; contented; gratified; to be pleasing to; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 悅).

Japanese

Kanji

兌

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. exchange

Readings

• On (unclassified): だ (da)、たい (tai)、えい (ei)
• Kun: かえる (kaeru)、よろこぶ (yorokobu)
• Nanori: とおる (tōru)、なおし (naoshi)

Compounds

• 兌換(だかん) (dakan)

Korean

Hanja

兌 • (tae, ye) (hangeul 태, 예, revised tae, ye, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, ye)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

兌: Hán Nôm readings: đoái, đoài

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.