その
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Alternative spelling |
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其の |
⟨so2 no2⟩ → */sənə/ → /sono/
From Old Japanese そ, distal demonstrative root, with の (no) added to form the ordinary adnominal form 'that', as in 'that word', as opposed to the pronoun それ (sore).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adnominal
[edit]- (deictically) that ... near you (near the addressee)
- 私が読みたいのは、その本です。
- Watashi ga yomitai no wa, sono hon desu.
- What I want to read is that book.
- 私が読みたいのは、その本です。
- (anaphorically) the ... we are talking about.
- ...of it; its; their
- そのお姉さん
- sono onēsan
- her elder sister
- そのお姉さん
- used in a title and before a number to indicate that number of part, chapter, volume, episode, or installment; compare suffixes 編 (-hen), 話 (-wa), 巻 (-kan), 集 (-shū), 章 (-shō), 上 (jō), 中 (chū) and 下 (ge)
- 日本映画論その三
- Nihon Eigaron Sono San
- Japanese Films: Part 3
- 日本映画論その三
Usage notes
[edit]- Sono is anaphorically used to refer to things and experiences that either the speaker or the listener knows about, but not both. Compare the two following sentences:
- その本はやすいですか。
- Sono hon wa yasui desu ka.
- Is that book (which we are talking about) cheap? (anaphorically)
Is that book (I'm pointing to/near you/of yours) cheap? (deictically)
- あの本はやすいですか。
- Ano hon wa yasui desu ka.
- Is the book (which we both know) cheap? (anaphorically)
Is that book (over there, which you and I can see) cheap? (deictically)
- その本はやすいですか。
- The hiragana spelling その is preferred to the kanji spelling 其の, which is rarely used.
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
See also
[edit]Japanese demonstratives
ko- “this” (close to speaker) |
so- “that” (close to listener) |
a- “that over there” (far from both) |
do- “which” (indeterminate, question) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Object | これ (kore) | それ (sore) | あれ (are) | どれ (dore) |
これら (korera) | それら (sorera) | あれら (arera) | — | |
Determiner | この (kono) | その (sono) | あの (ano) | どの (dono) |
これらの (korera no) | それらの (sorera no) | あれらの (arera no) | — | |
Kind | こんな (konna) | そんな (sonna) | あんな (anna) | どんな (donna) |
こういう (kō iu) | そういう (sō iu) | ああいう (ā iu) | どういう (dō iu) | |
Place | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あそこ (asoko)* | どこ (doko) |
こっから (kokkara) | そっから (sokkara) | — | どっから (dokkara) | |
Direction / Human | こちら (kochira) | そちら (sochira) | あちら (achira) | どちら (dochira) |
こなた (konata) | そなた (sonata) | あなた (anata) | どなた (donata) | |
Direction | こっち (kotchi) | そっち (sotchi) | あっち (atchi) | どっち (dotchi) |
Human | こいつ (koitsu)† | そいつ (soitsu)† | あいつ (aitsu)† | どいつ (doitsu)† |
Manner | こう (kō) | そう (sō) | ああ (ā)** | どう (dō) |
Degree | これくらい (kore kurai) | それくらい (sore kurai) | あれくらい (are kurai) | どれくらい (dore kurai) |
これだけ (kore dake) | それだけ (sore dake) | あれだけ (are dake) | どれだけ (dore dake) | |
これほど (kore hodo) | それほど (sore hodo) | あれほど (are hodo) | どれほど (dore hodo) | |
* irregular ** regular (long vowel) † potentially rude or derogatory |
Interjection
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of その – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, その (sono), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as その, see Category:Japanese kanji read as その.) |