This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein that can induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis. The encoded protein is a nuclear protein that physically interacts with the tumor suppressor protein TP53 and is a component of the p53 signaling pathway. Reduced expression and rearrangement of this gene have been detected in various cancers. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.[7]
One of the isoforms of ING1 (p33(ING1) is involved in the modulation of DNA repair.[8] It appears that p33(ING1) cooperates with p53 in nucleotide excision repair.[8] Also, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) interacts with p33(ING1b) in the elimination of UV-damaged cells through the induction of programmed cell death (apoptosis).[9]
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Garkavtsev I, Kazarov A, Gudkov A, Riabowol K (Dec 1996). "Suppression of the novel growth inhibitor p33ING1 promotes neoplastic transformation". Nature Genetics. 14 (4): 415–20. doi:10.1038/ng1296-415. PMID8944021. S2CID10173092.
^Garkavtsev I, Demetrick D, Riabowol K (Jul 1997). "Cellular localization and chromosome mapping of a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene (ING1)". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 76 (3–4): 176–8. doi:10.1159/000134539. PMID9186514.
^ abCheung KJ, Mitchell D, Lin P, Li G (July 2001). "The tumor suppressor candidate p33(ING1) mediates repair of UV-damaged DNA". Cancer Res. 61 (13): 4974–7. PMID11431327.
^Scott M, Bonnefin P, Vieyra D, Boisvert FM, Young D, Bazett-Jones DP, Riabowol K (October 2001). "UV-induced binding of ING1 to PCNA regulates the induction of apoptosis". J Cell Sci. 114 (Pt 19): 3455–62. doi:10.1242/jcs.114.19.3455. PMID11682605.
^Leung KM, Po LS, Tsang FC, Siu WY, Lau A, Ho HT, Poon RY (Sep 2002). "The candidate tumor suppressor ING1b can stabilize p53 by disrupting the regulation of p53 by MDM2". Cancer Research. 62 (17): 4890–3. PMID12208736.
^Garkavtsev I, Grigorian IA, Ossovskaya VS, Chernov MV, Chumakov PM, Gudkov AV (Jan 1998). "The candidate tumour suppressor p33ING1 cooperates with p53 in cell growth control". Nature. 391 (6664): 295–8. Bibcode:1998Natur.391..295G. doi:10.1038/34675. PMID9440695. S2CID4429461.
^Scott M, Bonnefin P, Vieyra D, Boisvert FM, Young D, Bazett-Jones DP, Riabowol K (Oct 2001). "UV-induced binding of ING1 to PCNA regulates the induction of apoptosis". Journal of Cell Science. 114 (Pt 19): 3455–62. doi:10.1242/jcs.114.19.3455. PMID11682605.
Campos EI, Chin MY, Kuo WH, Li G (Oct 2004). "Biological functions of the ING family tumor suppressors". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 61 (19–20): 2597–613. doi:10.1007/s00018-004-4199-4. PMID15526165. S2CID28889915.
Helbing CC, Veillette C, Riabowol K, Johnston RN, Garkavtsev I (Apr 1997). "A novel candidate tumor suppressor, ING1, is involved in the regulation of apoptosis". Cancer Research. 57 (7): 1255–8. PMID9102209.
Zeremski M, Horrigan SK, Grigorian IA, Westbrook CA, Gudkov AV (May 1997). "Localization of the candidate tumor suppressor gene ING1 to human chromosome 13q34". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 23 (3): 233–6. doi:10.1007/BF02721376. PMID9330636. S2CID24132112.
Garkavtsev I, Grigorian IA, Ossovskaya VS, Chernov MV, Chumakov PM, Gudkov AV (Jan 1998). "The candidate tumour suppressor p33ING1 cooperates with p53 in cell growth control". Nature. 391 (6664): 295–8. Bibcode:1998Natur.391..295G. doi:10.1038/34675. PMID9440695. S2CID4429461.
Shinoura N, Muramatsu Y, Nishimura M, Yoshida Y, Saito A, Yokoyama T, Furukawa T, Horii A, Hashimoto M, Asai A, Kirino T, Hamada H (Nov 1999). "Adenovirus-mediated transfer of p33ING1 with p53 drastically augments apoptosis in gliomas". Cancer Research. 59 (21): 5521–8. PMID10554029.
Jäger D, Stockert E, Scanlan MJ, Güre AO, Jäger E, Knuth A, Old LJ, Chen YT (Dec 1999). "Cancer-testis antigens and ING1 tumor suppressor gene product are breast cancer antigens: characterization of tissue-specific ING1 transcripts and a homologue gene". Cancer Research. 59 (24): 6197–204. PMID10626813.
Tokunaga E, Maehara Y, Oki E, Kitamura K, Kakeji Y, Ohno S, Sugimachi K (Apr 2000). "Diminished expression of ING1 mRNA and the correlation with p53 expression in breast cancers". Cancer Letters. 152 (1): 15–22. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(99)00434-6. PMID10754201.
Baranova AV, Ivanov DV, Makeeva NV, Corcoran M, Nikitin EA, Borodina TA, Poltaraus AB, Glinshchikova OA, Sudarikov AB, Oscier D, Iankovskiĭ NK (2000). "[Genomic organization of the suppressor gene for tumor growth ING1]". Molekuliarnaia Biologiia. 34 (2): 263–9. PMID10779953.
Gunduz M, Ouchida M, Fukushima K, Hanafusa H, Etani T, Nishioka S, Nishizaki K, Shimizu K (Jun 2000). "Genomic structure of the human ING1 gene and tumor-specific mutations detected in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas". Cancer Research. 60 (12): 3143–6. PMID10866301.
Scott M, Bonnefin P, Vieyra D, Boisvert FM, Young D, Bazett-Jones DP, Riabowol K (Oct 2001). "UV-induced binding of ING1 to PCNA regulates the induction of apoptosis". Journal of Cell Science. 114 (Pt 19): 3455–62. doi:10.1242/jcs.114.19.3455. PMID11682605.
Nouman GS, Angus B, Lunec J, Crosier S, Lodge A, Anderson JJ (Feb 2002). "Comparative assessment expression of the inhibitor of growth 1 gene (ING1) in normal and neoplastic tissues". Hybridoma and Hybridomics. 21 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1089/15368590252917584. PMID11991811.
Bromidge T, Lynas C (Jul 2002). "Relative levels of alternative transcripts of the ING1 gene and lack of mutations of p33/ING1 in haematological malignancies". Leukemia Research. 26 (7): 631–5. doi:10.1016/S0145-2126(01)00185-0. PMID12008079.