2-Fluoromethamphetamine
2-Fluoromethamphetamine (2-FMA) is a stimulant drug of the amphetamine family which has been used as a designer drug.[1][2][3] 2-FMA is commonly compared to lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), and dextroamphetamine due to its efficacy as a study or productivity aid.[citation needed] 2-FMA is purported to produce somewhat less euphoria than comparable amphetamines, likely due to its main mechanism of action consisting of norepinephrine reuptake inhibition.[4]
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
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| Formula | C10H14FN |
| Molar mass | 167.227 g·mol−1 |
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Chemistry
[edit]2-Fluoromethamphetamine is fluorinated analogue of methamphetamine, and is a regioisomer of 3-FMA and 4-FMA.
It does not activate the serotonin receptors, including 5-HT2A,[4] unlike most stimulant drugs of the amphetamine family.
Legal status
[edit]Canada
[edit]As of 1996, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in Canada, due to being an analog of methamphetamine.[5]
China
[edit]As of October 2015, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in China.[6]
Germany
[edit]As of 13 December 2014, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in Germany.[7] It is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule I).[8] Substances controlled under Anlage I BtMG are illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license. Violations of the law are punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to five years.[9]
Ukraine
[edit]As of July 2019, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in Ukraine (considered a narcotic).[10]
United States
[edit]As a close analog of scheduled controlled substance,[1] sale or possession of 2-FMA could be potentially be prosecuted under the Federal Analogue Act.[11]
See also
[edit]- 2-Fluoroamphetamine
- 3-Fluoromethamphetamine
- 3-Fluoroethamphetamine
- 4-Fluoromethamphetamine
- 4-Fluoroamphetamine
- 2-Methoxymethamphetamine (methoxyphenamine)
- 2F-MAR
References
[edit]- ^ a b Rösner P, Quednow B, Girreser U, Junge T (March 2005). "Isomeric fluoro-methoxy-phenylalkylamines: a new series of controlled-substance analogues (designer drugs)". Forensic Science International. 148 (2–3): 143–156. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.05.003. PMID 15639609.
- ^ Camilleri A, Johnston MR, Brennan M, Davis S, Caldicott DG (April 2010). "Chemical analysis of four capsules containing the controlled substance analogues 4-methylmethcathinone, 2-fluoromethamphetamine, alpha-phthalimidopropiophenone and N-ethylcathinone". Forensic Science International. 197 (1–3): 59–66. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.048. PMID 20074881.
- ^ Ishii A, Sato K, Kusakabe K, Kato N, Wada T (February 2023). "Identification and Quantitative Analysis of 2-Fluoromethamphetamine and Its Metabolites in Human Urine". Journal of Analytical Toxicology. 47 (1): 59–65. doi:10.1093/jat/bkac026. PMID 35562170.
- ^ a b Åstrand A, Guerrieri D, Vikingsson S, Kronstrand R, Green H (December 2020). "In vitro characterization of new psychoactive substances at the μ-opioid, CB1, 5HT1A, and 5-HT2A receptors-On-target receptor potency and efficacy, and off-target effects". Forensic Science International. 317: 110553. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110553. PMID 33160102. S2CID 226279968.
- ^ a b Legislative Services Branch (31 March 2022). "Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act". laws-lois.justice.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 11 June 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
- ^ "关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知" (in Chinese). China Food and Drug Administration. 27 September 2015. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
- ^ Bundesgesetzblatt. "Achtundzwanzigste Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften – Vom 5. Dezember 2014" (in German). Bundesanzeiger-Verlags-GmbH. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
- ^ Bundesministerium der Justiz. "Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln (Betäubungsmittelgesetz – BtMG) Anlage I (zu § 1 Abs. 1) (nicht verkehrsfähige Betäubungsmittel)" (in German). Retrieved 6 April 2022.
- ^ Bundesministerium der Justiz. "Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln (Betäubungsmittelgesetz – BtMG) § 29 Straftaten" (in German). Retrieved 6 April 2022.
- ^ "Про внесення змін до Закону України "Про обіг в Україні наркотичних засобів, психотропних речовин, їх аналогів і прекурсорів"" (in Ukrainian). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 23 July 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ "Federal Controlled Substance Analogue Act Summary". Erowid Analog Law Vault.