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Wiktionary

punya

Baba Malay

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Etymology

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Inherited from Malay punya. Semantic loan from Hokkien 的 (ê).

Particle

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punya

  1. possessive particle
    gua punya ruma. ― My house (literally, “I have house.”)

Synonyms

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Indonesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Malay punya. First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD. Possibly a back-formation from mempunyai.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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punya (first-person possessive punyaku, second-person possessive punyamu, third-person possessive punyanya)

  1. owner

Synonyms

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Verb

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punya

  1. to have
    Saya punya kamus baru.
    • I have a new dictionary.
  2. to own
    Buku itu kepunyaan saya.

Conjugation

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Conjugation of punya (meng-, transitive)
Root punya
Active Involuntary Passive Basic /
Imperative 		Jussive
Active mempunyai terpunyai dipunyai
Locative
Causative / Applicative1 mempunyakan terpunyakan dipunyakan
Causative
Locative
Causative / Applicative1
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Notes:
This word has an irregular derivation due to etymological reasons or speakers' habits.
Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Synonyms

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Further reading

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Malay

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Etymology

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Clipping of empunya, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *empu-ni-a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *empu. Compare Tagalog impó (“grandmother”).[1]

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (punyā) in the form [script needed] (punyāña).

In the sense of possessive/genitive particle, semantic loan from Hokkien 的 (ê).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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punya (Jawi spelling ڤوڽا)

  1. Someone who owns a certain thing; an owner.
    Synonyms: pemunya, pemilik, empunya, tuan, yang punya, tuan punya
  2. Something that is owned; a possession.
    Synonyms: kepunyaan, hak, milik
    rumah punya Adam ― house that is Adam's possession

Particle

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punya (Jawi spelling ڤوڽا)

  1. (informal) Used to indicate possession, similar to English 's.
    Adam punya buku ― Adam's book

Usage notes

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  • The more formal way to indicate possession in Malay is by placing the possessed object in front of the possessor, so that, to say "Adam's book", instead of saying "Adam punya buku", one just says "buku Adam".

Verb

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punya (Jawi spelling ڤوڽا)

  1. To have.
    Synonyms: punyai, ada
    Saya punya enam buku.
    I have six books.
  2. To own.
    Synonym: punyai
    Saya punya dua buah rumah.
    I own two houses.
  3. (spoken) Emphasizes a word that is repeated.

Affixations

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Descendants

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  • Ambonese Malay: pung
  • Indonesian: punya
  • Kupang Malay: pung
  • Manado Malay: pe
  • North Moluccan Malay: pi
  • Papuan Malay: pu

References

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  1. ^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*empu”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Further reading

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Old Khmer

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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punya

  1. Latin script form of បុន្យ, alternative spelling of បុណ្យ (puṇya, “merit”)
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