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Wiktionary

para-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "para"

English

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Etymology 1

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From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “beside, next to”).

Prefix

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para-

  1. beside, alongside
    parasite (feed beside), parallel (beside one another), paracapsular (alongside a capsule)
    1. parallel
      paraconformity (parallel conformity), paraxial (parallel to the axis)
  2. between
    paracellular (between cells), paraconule (A conule located between a paracone and a metacone), paradiploid (intermediate between diploid and polyploid)
  3. around, surrounding
    paracortex (surrounding the cortex), paradiapophysis (covering the diapophysis)
    1. covering
      paracolpitis ((outer) covering of inflamed vagina)
  4. adjacent, next to
    paracentral (adjacent to the center), paracaval (adjacent to the vena cava)
  5. near
    paranal (near the anus), parepididymis ((body part) near the epididymis), parethmoid (near the ethmoid bone)
  6. opposite of, on the far side of
    paracavernous (On the far side of the cavernous sinus)
  7. above, over
    paraductal (above the duct), paracoronoid (above the coronoid process), paracondylar (over the condyle)
  8. across, through, throughout
    paracotylar ([extending] across the cotyle), paraesophageal (across the esophagus), paracloacal (through the cloaca), paracostal (through the ribs), paracerebral (throughout the brain)
  9. beyond
    paradox (beyond expectation), paranormal (beyond normal) paraclival (beyond the clivus)
  10. abnormal
    paralgesia (abnormal sensitivity to pain)
  11. incorrect
  12. false
    paradiorthosis (false correction)
  13. resembling
    paramilitary (resembling a military), paramylum (resembling amylum (starch))
  14. unrecognized, unauthorized, or unsanctioned
    parastate (an unrecognized state), parabaptism (unauthorized baptism)
  15. avoiding or avoidant
    parenteral (avoiding the intestines), paraconsistent (avoiding consistency)
  16. (organic chemistry) In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)
    Synonym: p-
  17. related or pertaining to
    paraclinical (relating to things not purely clinical), parabigeminal (related to a pair of organs), parabicanonical (pertaining to a linear system of divisors equivalent to a bicanonical divisor), paracomplex (pertaining to all metric spaces and all CW-complexes)
  18. affecting or concerning lower body
    paranesthesia (affecting both sides of the lower body), paraballism (ballism affecting both legs)
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Related terms
terms derived from παρά (beside, abnormal, resembling, chem.)
terms derived from παρά (above, beyond)
Translations
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Etymology 2

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From French para-, from Italian para-, from para, imperative of parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”), from Latin parō (“I prepare”).

Prefix

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para-

  1. (obsolete, not productive) to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from
Derived terms
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terms related to para-, but not formed in English

Etymology 3

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From parachute.

Prefix

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para-

  1. parachute.
Derived terms
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terms derived from para- (parachute)

Etymology 4

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From Paralympic.

Prefix

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para-

  1. disability sport
Derived terms
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Paralympic sport

See also

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English terms prefixed with para-

References

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  1. ^ John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “para-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.

Anagrams

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Bikol Central

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /paɾa/ [pa.ɾa]
  • Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Prefix

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para- (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)

  1. used in naming any professions

French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “beside”).

Prefix

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para-

  1. para- (all senses)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Via Italian para-, from parare, from Latin parō (“to shield”).

Prefix

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para-

  1. para- (“guarding against”)
Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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From paralympique (“Paralympic”).

Prefix

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para-

  1. para- (“disability sport”)
Derived terms
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Ido

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English para-, French para-, Italian para-, Spanish para-. Decision no. 105, Progreso III.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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para-

  1. prefix denoting protection against, something to ward off
    ‎para- + ‎pluvo (“rain”) → ‎parapluvo (“umbrella”)
    ‎para- + ‎moskito (“mosquito”) → ‎paramoskito (“mosquito net”)

Derived terms

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Ido terms prefixed with para-

References

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  • Progreso III (in Ido), 1910–1911, page 169, 465

Irish

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Alternative forms

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  • parai- (before a slender consonant)

Etymology

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From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).

Prefix

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para-

  1. para-

Derived terms

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Irish terms prefixed with para-

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
para- phara- bpara-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Italian

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).

Prefix

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para-

  1. para- (all senses)

Anagrams

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Polish

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /pa.ra/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ara
  • Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
  • Homophones: para, Para

Prefix

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para-

  1. para- (resembling)

Derived terms

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Polish terms prefixed with para-

Further reading

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  • para- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).

Prefix

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para- (Cyrillic spelling пара-)

  1. Para-.
    ‎para- + ‎nàuka (“science”) → ‎paranauka (“parascience”)
    ‎para- + ‎nȍrmālno (“normally”) → ‎paranormalno (“paranormal”)

References

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /paɾa/ [pa.ɾa]
  • Syllabification: pa‧ra-

Prefix

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para-

  1. para-

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Welsh

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Etymology

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See English para-, from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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para-

  1. para-
    ‎para- + ‎meddyg (“doctor”) → ‎parafeddyg (“paramedic”)
    ‎para- + ‎normal (“normal”) → ‎paranormal (“paranormal”)
    ‎para- + ‎ymatebol (“responsive, reactive”) → ‎paraymatebol (“parasympathetic”)

Derived terms

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Welsh terms prefixed with para-

Mutation

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Mutated forms of para-
radical soft nasal aspirate
para- bara- mhara- phara-

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “para-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

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