[go: up one dir, main page]
Wiktionary

lume

See also: lumë and lümə

English

edit

Etymology

edit

Short for luminous or luminescent.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

lume (countable and uncountable, plural lumes)

  1. (informal) A luminescent paint used to make a timepiece's dial readable in the dark.
    • 2020, Colin A. White, The Vintage Rolex Field Manual Chevalier Digital Edition, page 46:
      Within the realm of vintage watch restoration there are few sub-specialties as controversial as dial lume.
    • 2021, Thomas M. Meine, Vintage Watches - Radium and Tritium, page 16:
      LumiNova and Super-LumiNova fall into the category of photoluminescent lumes.

Anagrams

edit

Aromanian

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin lūmen. See figurative meaning as the "light of life". Compare Romanian lume.

Noun

edit

lume f (definite articulation lumea)

  1. people
  2. world
  3. humanity, mankind
edit

See also

edit

Estonian

edit

Noun

edit

lume

  1. genitive singular of lumi

Finnish

edit

Etymology

edit

lumo +‎ -e

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈlumeˣ/, [ˈlume̞(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ume
  • Hyphenation(key): lu‧me

Noun

edit

lume

  1. illusion

Declension

edit
Inflection of lume (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative lume lumeet
genitive lumeen lumeiden
lumeitten
partitive lumetta lumeita
illative lumeeseen lumeisiin
lumeihin
singular plural
nominative lume lumeet
accusative nom. lume lumeet
gen. lumeen
genitive lumeen lumeiden
lumeitten
partitive lumetta lumeita
inessive lumeessa lumeissa
elative lumeesta lumeista
illative lumeeseen lumeisiin
lumeihin
adessive lumeella lumeilla
ablative lumeelta lumeilta
allative lumeelle lumeille
essive lumeena lumeina
translative lumeeksi lumeiksi
abessive lumeetta lumeitta
instructive — lumein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of lume (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative lumeeni lumeeni
accusative nom. lumeeni lumeeni
gen. lumeeni
genitive lumeeni lumeideni
lumeitteni
partitive lumettani lumeitani
inessive lumeessani lumeissani
elative lumeestani lumeistani
illative lumeeseeni lumeisiini
lumeihini
adessive lumeellani lumeillani
ablative lumeeltani lumeiltani
allative lumeelleni lumeilleni
essive lumeenani lumeinani
translative lumeekseni lumeikseni
abessive lumeettani lumeittani
instructive — —
comitative — lumeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative lumeesi lumeesi
accusative nom. lumeesi lumeesi
gen. lumeesi
genitive lumeesi lumeidesi
lumeittesi
partitive lumettasi lumeitasi
inessive lumeessasi lumeissasi
elative lumeestasi lumeistasi
illative lumeeseesi lumeisiisi
lumeihisi
adessive lumeellasi lumeillasi
ablative lumeeltasi lumeiltasi
allative lumeellesi lumeillesi
essive lumeenasi lumeinasi
translative lumeeksesi lumeiksesi
abessive lumeettasi lumeittasi
instructive — —
comitative — lumeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative lumeemme lumeemme
accusative nom. lumeemme lumeemme
gen. lumeemme
genitive lumeemme lumeidemme
lumeittemme
partitive lumettamme lumeitamme
inessive lumeessamme lumeissamme
elative lumeestamme lumeistamme
illative lumeeseemme lumeisiimme
lumeihimme
adessive lumeellamme lumeillamme
ablative lumeeltamme lumeiltamme
allative lumeellemme lumeillemme
essive lumeenamme lumeinamme
translative lumeeksemme lumeiksemme
abessive lumeettamme lumeittamme
instructive — —
comitative — lumeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative lumeenne lumeenne
accusative nom. lumeenne lumeenne
gen. lumeenne
genitive lumeenne lumeidenne
lumeittenne
partitive lumettanne lumeitanne
inessive lumeessanne lumeissanne
elative lumeestanne lumeistanne
illative lumeeseenne lumeisiinne
lumeihinne
adessive lumeellanne lumeillanne
ablative lumeeltanne lumeiltanne
allative lumeellenne lumeillenne
essive lumeenanne lumeinanne
translative lumeeksenne lumeiksenne
abessive lumeettanne lumeittanne
instructive — —
comitative — lumeinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative lumeensa lumeensa
accusative nom. lumeensa lumeensa
gen. lumeensa
genitive lumeensa lumeidensa
lumeittensa
partitive lumettaan
lumettansa 		lumeitaan
lumeitansa
inessive lumeessaan
lumeessansa 		lumeissaan
lumeissansa
elative lumeestaan
lumeestansa 		lumeistaan
lumeistansa
illative lumeeseensa lumeisiinsa
lumeihinsa
adessive lumeellaan
lumeellansa 		lumeillaan
lumeillansa
ablative lumeeltaan
lumeeltansa 		lumeiltaan
lumeiltansa
allative lumeelleen
lumeellensa 		lumeilleen
lumeillensa
essive lumeenaan
lumeenansa 		lumeinaan
lumeinansa
translative lumeekseen
lumeeksensa 		lumeikseen
lumeiksensa
abessive lumeettaan
lumeettansa 		lumeittaan
lumeittansa
instructive — —
comitative — lumeineen
lumeinensa

Derived terms

edit
compounds

Further reading

edit

Anagrams

edit

Galician

edit
 
lume
 
Multilingual sign at Fisterra, Galicia

Etymology

edit

13th century. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lume, from Latin lūmen. Cognate with Portuguese lume, Asturian llume, Spanish lumbre.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

lume m (plural lumes)

  1. flame, fire
    Synonym: fogo
  2. (dated) light
    • 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I. E. O. P. F, page 481:
      Ay, meu fillo, alegria do meu curaçõ, lume dos meus ollos, solaz da mjna velleçe!
      Woe! My son, joy of my heart, light of my eyes, solace of my old age!
    • 1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 689:
      ca despois que anoyteçeu tornou outrosí escuro speso a sobreguisa, et nõ fazía luar nẽ lume, pouco nẽ mais.
      because after nightfall it became dark, and this darkness was exceedingly thick, and it was neither moonlight nor light, no less or more
    • 1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:
      se alguas seeteyras ou lançeyros estan feytas en a parede da dicta casa, que as çarren de pedra et que as non abran nunca nen façan y outras alguas a saluo fique en o sotoo da dicta casa as lumeeyras que foren neçesarias et perteesçentes para dar lume ao dicto sotoo que non seian por maneyra de defensa algua
      if some arrowslits or embrasures are built in the walls of that tower house, they must be closed in stone, never to be reopened, and they shouldn't build new ones, with this exception: that in the ground floor there should be the needed and sufficient skylights for giving light to said ground floor, as long as they are used for defending
  3. forest fire
    • 1990, Xaquín Fernández Leiceaga, Economia (politica) do monte galego, page 103:
      A hipótese básica é que os lumes, por máis que sexan intencionados, non obedecen a unha lóxica económica de potencia irregular de ano en ano, senón a causas continuamente presentes
      The basic hypothesis is that forest fires, even being caused intentionally, don't follow year after year an economic logic of irregular potential, but instead causes that are continuously present

Derived terms

edit

References

edit

Italian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin lūmen. In the sense of "lumen" it is a modern neologism. Doublet of lumen, a borrowing.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈlu.me/
  • Rhymes: -ume
  • Hyphenation: lù‧me

Noun

edit

lume m (plural lumi)

  1. a light source
    • 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XXII”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎[2], lines 67–69; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[3], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      Facesti come quei che va di notte, / che porta il lume dietro e sé non giova, / ma dopo sé fa le persone dotte […]
      You did as one who walks in the night, carrying his light behind, and does not help himself, but makes the people after them wary
    • 1349–1353, Giovanni Boccaccio, “Giornata seconda – Novella settima”, in Decameron; republished as Aldo Francesco Massera, editor, Il Decameron‎[4], Bari: Laterza, 1927:
      Pericone non diede indugio a seguitarla, ma spento ogni lume prestamente dall'altra parte le si coricò al lato […]
      Pericone was not slow to follow her, but, putting out every light, promptly hid himself beside her […]
    1. (dated) a non-electrical light source (e.g. a candle or an oil lamp)
      • 1840–1842, Alessandro Manzoni, chapter XXXIII, in I promessi sposi‎[5], Milan: Guglielmini e Redaelli, published in I promessi sposi - Storia della colonna infame:
        C’era una vernaccia!... Ma, con una buona dormita, tutto se ne va. Ho un gran sonno... Levami un po’ quel lume dinanzi, che m’accieca... mi dà una noia...!
        The wine was so fine!... With a good sleep all will be well again. I am overcome by sleep... Get that lamp away from before me, it's blinding me... it troubles me so...!
  2. (rare) an electrical light source
  3. (by extension, poetic) star
    Synonyms: stella, astro
    • 1316–c. 1321, Dante Alighieri, “Canto II”, in Paradiso [Heaven]‎[6], lines 64–66; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[7], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      La spera ottava vi dimostra molti / lumi, li quali e nel quale e nel quanto / notar si posson di diversi volti.
      The eighth sphere displays many lights to you, which—in their quality and quantity—can be noted of different aspects.
    • 1336–1374, Francesco Petrarca, “CCCXXV — Tacer non posso, et temo non adopre”, in Il Canzoniere, lines 72–74; republished as Daniele Ponchiroli, editor, Turin: publ. Giulio Einaudi, 1964:
      Fra tanti amici lumi, / una nube lontana mi dispiacque; / la qual temo che 'n pianto si risolve […]
      Among so many friendly stars, one distant cloud displeased me: which I fear will melt away in tears
    1. (figurative, poetic) God
      • 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XIII”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎[8], lines 85–87; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[9], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
        Volsimi a loro e: «O gente sicura», / incominciai, «di veder l'alto lume / che ’l disio vostro solo ha in cura
        I turned towards them, and, "O people, certain," I began, "of seeing the high light, which is the only care of your desire
  4. (figurative, by extension, poetic) a blessed soul or entity
    • 1316–c. 1321, Dante Alighieri, “Canto X”, in Paradiso [Heaven]‎[10], lines 71–73; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[11], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      si trovan molte gioie care e belle / tanto che non si posson trar del regno; / e ’l canto di quei lumi era di quelle;
      Many jewels are found, so fair and precious that one cannot take them away from the realm; and the singing of those lights was one of them
  5. (figurative, by extension, literary, poetic) a notable person within a specific field or discipline
    • 1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto I”, in Inferno [Hell]‎[12], lines 82–84; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[13], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      O de li altri poeti onore e lume, / vagliami ’l lungo studio e ’l grande amore / che m’ha fatto cercar lo tuo volume.
      "O, of the other poets honour and light, avail me the long study and great love that have impelled me to explore thy volume!
    • mid 1560s [29–19 BCE], “Libro secondo”, in Annibale Caro, transl., Eneide, translation of Aeneis by Publius Vergilius Maro (in Classical Latin), lines 694–695; republished as L’Eneide di Virgilio‎[14], Florence: G. Barbera, 1892:
      Cadde Riféo, ch’era ne’ Teucri un lume / di bontà, di giustizia e d’equitate
      Ripheus fell, who was a light among the Teucrians / for goodness, justice and equity
    • c. 1527, Francesco Berni, Orlando Innamorato [Orlando in Love]‎[15], Milano: Società Tipografica de' Classici Italiani, published 1828, Canto XIII, page 37:
      A que’ tre che tu, Fiorenza, onori / eterni lumi della lingua nostra
      To those three that you, Florence, honour/honor, eternal lights of our own language
  6. light, specifically:
    1. (archaic, literary) (natural) light
      Synonym: luce
      • 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto I”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎[16], lines 37–38; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[17], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
        Li raggi delle quattro luci sante / fregiavan sì la sua faccia di lume / ch’i’ ’l vedea come ’l sol fosse davante.
        The rays of the four sacred stars so adorned his face with light, that I saw him as if the sun were before him.
      • 1909, Giovanni Pascoli, “La capinera”, in Nuovi Poemetti, lines 7–9:
        Il cinguettìo, così tra lume e scuro, / cessò d’un tratto. Era comparso il sole. / Sparì ciascuno nel bel giorno puro.
        The chirping, between light and darkness ceased suddenly. The Sun had risen. They all disappeared into the pure day.
    2. (dated) (artificial) light, (non-electrical)
  7. (painting) the manner in which the light strikes a picture; that part of a picture which represents those objects upon which the light is supposed to fall
  8. (figurative) sight (sense)
    Synonym: vista
    • 1516–1532, Ludovico Ariosto, “Canto 43”, in Orlando furioso, stanza 187; republished as Santorre Debenedetti, editor, Bari: Laterza, 1928:
      […] e facea alcuno effetto sopr’umano, / dar lume a ciechi, e tornar morti a vita, / fermare il vento ad un segno di croce, / e far tranquillo il mar quand’è più atroce […].
      [a hermit] who had done superhuman deeds; regiving sight to the blind, and restoring the dead to life; hushing the winds with a sign of the cross and pacifying the sea when at its scariest.
    1. (in the plural) eyes
      Synonym: occhi
      • 1336–1374, Francesco Petrarca, “CLVI — I’ vidi in terra angelici costumi”, in Il Canzoniere, lines 5–8; republished as Daniele Ponchiroli, editor, Turin: publ. Giulio Einaudi, 1964:
        E vidi lagrimar que' duo bei lumi, / c'han fatto mille volte invidia al Sole; / ed udii sospirando dir parole / che farian gir i monti e stare i fiumi.
        And I saw two lovely eyes that wept, that made the sun a thousand times jealous; and I heard words emerge among sighs that made the mountains move, and halted rivers.
      • 1575, Torquato Tasso, “Canto 16”, in Gerusalemme liberata, stanza 60; republished as La Gerusalemme liberata di Torquato Tasso, Paris: Agostino Delalain; Pietro Durand; Gio. Claudio Molini, 1771:
        […] e cadde tramortita: e di diffuse / di gelato sudore: e i lumi chiuse.
        […] and she fell to the ground, stunned, getting covered with freezing sweat, and closed her eyes.
      • 1818–1836, Giacomo Leopardi, “I — All'Italia”, in Canti, lines 134–136; republished as Alessandro Donati, editor, Bari: publ. Laterza, 1917:
        Ché, se il fato è diverso, e non consente / ch'io per la Grecia i moribondi lumi / chiuda prostrato in guerra, […]
        If fate's opposed, and will not consent that I fall in war, and close my dying eyes, for Greece, […]
  9. (figurative) spiritual or mental illumination, enlightenment, light
    • 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto VI”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎[18], lines 43–45; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[19], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      Veramente a così alto sospetto / non ti fermar, se quella non ti dice / che lume fia tra 'l vero e lo 'ntelletto.
      Verily, in so deep a questioning do not decide, unless she tell it thee, who light 'twixt truth and intellect shall be.
  10. (in the plural) the culture founded on a rationalistic basis
    • 1766, Pietro Verri, “Conſiderazioni ſul Luſſo [Considerations upon Luxury]”, in Il caffè [The Café]‎[20], volume 1, Pietro Pizzolato, page 188:
      i lumi finalmente che ogni giorno più vanno allontanando gli uomini dall'antica ferocia
      and lastly the enlightenment, which every day carries mankind further away from the ancient ferocity
    • 1764, Cesare Beccaria, “Capitolo V”, in Dei delitti e delle pene:
      Da ciò veggiamo quanto sia utile la stampa, che rende il pubblico, e non alcuni pochi, depositario delle sante leggi, e quanto abbia dissipato quello spirito tenebroso di cabala e d’intrigo, che sparisce in faccia ai lumi ed alle scienze […].
      Hence we see the use of printing, which makes the public, and not a few individuals, the guardians of the sacred laws, and how it has dissipated the gloomy spirit of cabal and intrigue, which disappears in the face of enlightenment and sciences […].
  11. (figurative, usually in the plural) useful information, advice
    Synonyms: chiarimento, consiglio
    • 1881, Giovanni Verga, “Capitolo VII”, in I Malavoglia:
      La seduta fu sciolta senza concludere nulla. Il segretario voleva un po' di tempo per prender lume;
      The meeting was closed without deciding upon anything. The clerk wanted time to get up his subject.
    1. (by extension) discernment
      Synonym: discernimento
      • 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XVI”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎[21], lines 73–75; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[22], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
        Lo cielo i vostri movimenti inizia; / non dico tutti, ma, posto ch'i' 'l dica, / lume v'è dato a bene e a malizia
        The heavens your movements do initiate, I say not all; but granting that I say it, light has been given you for good and evil
  12. (anatomy) lumen
  13. (fishing) the size of a fishing net's meshes

Derived terms

edit
edit

Anagrams

edit

Middle English

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Noun

edit

lume

  1. Alternative form of leme

Etymology 2

edit

Noun

edit

lume

  1. Alternative form of lome (“loom”)

Old Galician-Portuguese

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Latin lūmen.

Noun

edit

lume m (plural lumes)

  1. fire
  2. vision
  3. (figurative) joy
edit

Descendants

edit
  • Galician: lume
  • Portuguese: lume

Further reading

edit

Portuguese

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lume, from Latin lūmen.

Cognate with Galician, French, Italian, and Romanian lume, Spanish lumbre, Catalan llum and Occitan lum. In the sense of "lumen" it is a modern neologism. Doublet of lúmen, a borrowing.

Pronunciation

edit
 

  • Hyphenation: lu‧me

Noun

edit

lume m (plural lumes)

  1. flame, fire (to cook or keep oneself warm)
  2. (anatomy) lumen

Synonyms

edit
edit

Romanian

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Latin lūmen (“light”) (see figurative meaning as the "light of life").

Compare also Slavic свѣтъ (světŭ), meaning both "light" and "world", and Hungarian világ, which also originally meant "light". Doublet of lumen (SI unit of measurement), borrowed from the same Latin source.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

lume f (plural lumi)

  1. (also figuratively) world
  2. people
    Synonym: oameni
  3. humanity, mankind
    Synonym: omenire
  4. (archaic, regional) light
    Synonym: lumină

Declension

edit
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative lume lumea lumi lumile
genitive-dative lumi lumii lumi lumilor
vocative lume, lumeo lumilor

Derived terms

edit
edit

See also

edit

Further reading

edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=lume&oldid=82425595"