cuman

See also: Cuman

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną.

Verb

cuman

1. to come
   • c. 900 CE, Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen [The Old Middle and Old Low Franconian psalms and glosses]:

     Gehōri gebet mīn, te thī alla fleisc cuman sal.

     Hear my prayer, every mortal shall come to you.

   • c. 1100 CE, Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible:

     Sint quāmen se beithe zo Rōme, thār se gemartholot wurthen van Nerōne.

     Thereafter they both came to Rome, where they were tortured by Nero.

Inflection

Conjugation of cuman (strong class 4 irregular)

infinitive	cuman
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	cumo, cumon	quam
2nd person singular	cumis, cumist	quāmi, quāmis
3rd person singular	cumit	quam
1st person plural	cumon	quāmun
2nd person plural	cumet	quāmut
3rd person plural	cumont	quāmun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	cume	quāmi
2nd person singular	cumes, cumest	quāmi, quāmis
3rd person singular	cume	quāmi
1st person plural	cumen	quāmin
2nd person plural	cumet	quāmit
3rd person plural	cumen	quāmin
imperative	present
singular	cum
plural	cumet
participle	present	past
	cumandi	cuman, gicuman

Derived terms

• avacuman
• bicuman

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: cōmen
  • Dutch: komen, kommen
    • Afrikaans: kom
    • Berbice Creole Dutch: kumu
    • Javindo: kom
    • Jersey Dutch: kôme
    • Negerhollands: kom
    • Skepi Creole Dutch: kum, com, come
  • Limburgish: kómme

Further reading

• “kuman”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt (“to step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku.mɑn/

Verb

cuman

1. to come

   Hē cōm hām ġiestran niht swīðe late.

   He came home last night so late.

   Hwanon cōme þū?

   Where did you come from?

   • c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Purification of St. Mary"

     Ēlā, hwænne cymð sē Hǣlend?

     Ah! when will the Saviour come?

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"

     Hāt cuman tō mē þone cristenan mann...

     Bid the Christian man come to me,...

   • c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"

     Wē sind eall cuman on þissum līfe, and ūre eard nis nā hēr, ac wē sind hēr swelċe weġfērende menn. Ān cymþ, ōðer færeþ. Sē biþ ācenned, sē ōðer forþfæreþ and rȳmþ him setl.

     We are all guests in this life, and our home is not here, but we're here as wayfaring people. One person comes, another goes. One is born, another dies and makes them room.

Usage notes

"To come to [do something]" is often expressed with the bare infinitive: Wē cōmon þā sunnan stelan ("We came to steal the sun").

Conjugation

Conjugation of cuman (strong class 4)

infinitive	cuman	cumenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	cume	cōm, cwōm
second person singular	cymest, cymst	cōme, cwōme
third person singular	cymeþ, cymþ	cōm, cwōm
plural	cumaþ	cōmon, cwōmon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	cume	cōme, cwōme
plural	cumen	cōmen, cwōmen
imperative
singular	cum
plural	cumaþ
participle	present	past
	cumende	(ġe)cumen, (ġe)cymen

Derived terms

• ancuman
• becuman
• forcuman
• forecuman
• forþcuman
• incuman
• ofercuman
• upcuman
• ġecuman

 

Descendants

• Middle English: comen, cumen
  • English: come, cum
    • Solombala English: комъ (kom)
  • Scots: cum
  • Yola: coome, come, cum

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

cuman m

1. milking pail